Stress Management

Front 1

What are common characteristics of being stress free?

Back 1

- Ambient 
body 
temperature


- Cold
 and 
clammy

- No
 pulse

- Usually 
six 
feet 
below
 ground


Front 2

True / False
All Stress is bad

Back 2

False
Positive stress is known as e-you-stress

Front 3

True / False
The goal of stress management should be the elimination of stress

Back 3

False

Front 4

True / False
A person can successfully adapt to difficult circumstances if they try hard enough.

Back 4

False

Front 5

True / Flase
Some individuals are genetically bound to being highly stressed

Back 5

False

Front 6

True / False
Physical exercise increases our energy reserve resulting in increased coping abilities.

Back 6

True

Front 7

What did William Cannon do?

Back 7

1932
He 
identified
 what 
is 
known 
as 
the 
fight‐or
‐flight
 response. He described 
a
 series 
of 
physiological

changes
 that 
prepare 
one 
to 
stand
 and 
fight 
or
 escape
 the 
danger 
by 
fleeing.
 These
 changes
 include 
an 
increase
 in 
blood
 pressure, 
dilation 
of
 pupils, 
elevation 
of 
body 
temperature 
and 
more.


Front 8

What is the Hans
Selye
‐General
 Adaption 
Syndrome
?

Back 8

He 
described 
two 
types 
of 
adaptive 
energy:

▪  Superficial 
adaptive
 energy 
that 
is 
not 
depletable
 
and 
can
 in 
fact 
be 
increased
 through
 good 
health 
and

fitness.

▪  Deep
 adaptive 
energy 
which 
is 
like 
an 
inherited
 fortune

and
 like
 oil 
reserves
 in 
the 
earth
 is 
limited
 


and 
finite.

In
 times 
of 
distress 
small 
amounts 
of 
the 
reserve 
are

depleted
 and 
we 
wear 
down 
which 
leads 
to 
premature
 aging. 
With
 total 
depletion,
 death 
occurs.


Front 9

What are the cultural factors that make people more stressed today?

Back 9

—  High 
value 
on 
material 
things

—  Infatuation 
with 
speed

—  Deeply 
embedded 
competitiveness

—  Secularization 
links 
achievement 
to 
self‐esteem

— Progressive 
atrophy 
of 
the 
body 
due 
to 
our 
sedentary
 life
style

—  Television
 Promotes 
assertiveness, 
aggression
 and
 violence

-->Fast
 pace 
promotes 
time 
urgency

-->Prestige 
and 
wealth 
are 
viewed
 as 
life’s 
highest 
and 
best


Front 10

What is the basic principal of stress?

Back 10

It
 is
 our 
interpretation
 of
 stressors,
 not 
the
 stressors
 themselves 
that 
cause 
distress.


Front 11

What are the extrinsic factors regarding the environmental concerns which causes stress in dental school?

Back 11

- Working 
with 
hazardous

materials

- Exposure 
to 
infectious

diseases

- Use 
of 
nitrous
 oxide



Front 12

What are the extrinsic factors regarding the academic concerns which causes stress in dental school?

Back 12

- Understanding 
concepts

- Learning 
procedures

- Being
 evaluated

- Passing
 exams

- Getting 
requirements 
done

- Passing 
boards

- Graduating 
on 
time


Front 13

What are the extrinsic factors regarding the patient management concerns which causes stress in dental school?

Back 13

- Dealing 
with 
patients’ 
fear
 and
 anxiety

- Difficult
 or 
uncooperative
 patients

- Dealing 
with 
dissatisfied

patients

- Fear 
of 
making 
mistakes

- Administering 
anesthesia

- Dealing
 with 
patient
 emergencies

- Patients 
who 
do
 not 
follow
 advice

- Shortage 
of 
needs 
based
 patients

- Hurting
 a
 patient


Front 14

What are the extrinsic factors regarding the time management concerns which causes stress in dental school?

Back 14

- Repeating
 procedures

- Waiting
 for 
instructors

- Cancelled 
appts/ no 
shows

- Obtaining 
anesthesia

- Scheduling 
patients

- Work 
overload

- Falling
 behind
 schedule



Front 15

What are the extrinsic factors regarding the business management concerns which causes stress in dental school?

Back 15

- Getting 
patients 
to 
pay

- Financial 
burden 
of 
a professional 
education

- Meeting 
personal 
life
style

needs


Front 16

What are other extrinsic factors regarding stress in dental school?

Back 16

- Doing 
a 
procedure 
for 
the
 first 
time

- Inability 
to 
meet 
expectations

- Making 
the 
transition 
to 
clinic

- Performing
 the 
wrong
 procedure


Front 17

What are the extrinsic factors regarding the faculty related problems which cause stress in dental school?

Back 17

- Being 
criticized 
by 
an

 instructor

- Being 
perceived 
by 
an
 instructor 
as 
incompetent

- Availability 
of 
instructors

- Inconsistencies 
in
 evaluation
 and 
grading
 feedback


Front 18

What are the Intrinsic factors regarding the concerns with image which cause stress in dental school?

Back 18

- MD
 vs. 
DDS

- Lack
 of 
patient 
appreciation

- Patients 
have 
an 
unfavorable 
perception 
of 
dentists

- Patients
 think 
they 
are 
‘guinea
pigs’


Front 19

What are the Intrinsic factors regarding the factors of temperament which cause stress in dental school?

Back 19

Type 
A
 Behavior

- Intense 
sustained 
drive 
to 
achieve 
self‐selected
 goals.

- Eagerness 
to 
compete, 
aggressiveness ,
and
 hostility.

- Constantly 
subjected 
to 
time 
restrictions 
(dead
 lines), 
resulting
 in
 time
 urgency.

- Propensity 
to 
accelerate 
the 
rate 
of 
physical
 and
 mental 
functions.

- Extraordinary 
mental 
and 
physical 
alertness
 (hyperalertness) 
including
 explosive 
speech

amplitude 
and 
tenseness 
of
 facial 
musculature.


Front 20

What are the characteristics of a typical Type A Dental Student?

Back 20

- Hardworking

- Ambitious

- Perfectionistic

- Emotionally‐responsive

- Dogmatic

- Authoritarian

- Reliant 
on 
left 
brain 
functioning

- High 
depressive
 potential


Front 21

How are emotional consequences created?

Back 21


By 
an
 individual’s 
belief 
system 
rather 
than 
by
 activating
 events.

Front 22

What is the A-B-C Theory (Ellis-REBT)

Back 22

- It 
is 
not 
the 
event 
(A)


- But 
rather 
the 
belief 

about 
the 
event 
(B)

- That 
causes
 the 
emotional 
reaction 
(C).


Front 23

What are the consequences of prolonged stress?

Back 23

- Loss 
of 
potential


- Reduced
 resistance 
to 
viral 
& 
bacterial 
infections

- Elevated
 serum
 cholesterol 
& 
norepinephrine

- Increased 
blood 
pressure 
& 
platelet 
aggregation

- Precipitates 
illness

- Aggravates 
existing 
illnesses

- Fosters 
unhealthy 
coping 
skills


- Substance 
abuse 
potential

- Marital 
discord

- Family
 problems

- Higher 
rates 
of 
divorce

- Lowered 
energy

- Low
 self‐esteem

- Loss 
of 
interest 
in 
sex

- An 
absence
 of 
fun
 and 
play

- Decreased 
satisfaction 
with 
life, 
work
 and
 relationships

- Joylessness

- Meaninglessness

- Higher 
rates 
of 
depression 
and
 suicide

Front 24

What are the maladaptive reactions to stress?

Back 24

- Alcohol
 abuse

- Drugs

- Overeating

- Spending 
sprees

- Physical 
and 
verbal 
abuse

- Overworking

- Denial

- Magnification

- Martyrdom


Front 25

What are the methods to managing stress?

Back 25

ALTER 
THE 
STRESSOR

-->If 
the
 stressor
 can 
be controlled, 
changed
 or 
influenced,

can
 I
 act
 accordingly?

ADAPT
TO
THE
STRESSOR

--> Is 
it 
best 
for
 me 
to 
accept 
the 
stressor 
and 
find 
ways 
to

prevent 
or 
lower 
my 
distress?

AVOID
THE
STRESSOR

--> Is 
it 
best 
for 
me 
to 
avoid 
or 
withdraw 
from
 the 
stressor?


Front 26

What are the adaptive reactions to stress?

Back 26

Medicine

Solitude

- Music

- Play/Recreation

- Therapy

- Breathing
 exercises

- Managing 
time 
effectively

- Massage

- Hobbies

- Hydro therapy

- Humor

- Autogenics

- Thought 
stopping

- Proper 
nutrition
- Meditation

- Intimacy

- Exercise

- Progressive/Deep 
Relaxation

- Biofeedback

- Refuting
Irrational
Ideas

- Prayer