Stress And Coping Nur 111 Nvcc

Front 1

Stress and Coping

Back 1

Stress and Coping

Front 2

What is______ and _______???

Back 2

Stressors
Crisis

Front 3

Fight-or-Flight Response where does all this happen???

Back 3

Medulla oblongata
Reticular formation
Pituitary gland

Front 4

General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)

Back 4

Alarm reaction
Resistance stage
Exhaustion stage

Front 5

Reaction to Psychological Stress

Back 5

Primary appraisal: identification
Secondary appraisal: coping strategies

Front 6

What are common Coping Mechanisms?

Back 6

Compensation
Conversion
Denial
Displacement
Identification
Dissociation
Regression

Front 7

Types of Stress

Back 7

Distress: damages Work, family, chronic, acute, daily hassles, trauma, crisis
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
Eustress: protects

Front 8

Crisis

Back 8

Developmental
Situational

Front 9

What is Neuman’s Systems Model?

Back 9

Prevent or reduce stressors
“Normal line of defense”
Prevention strategies: primary, secondary, tertiary

Front 10

What is Pender’s Health Promotion Model?

Back 10

Avoid negative events
Stress-reduction strategies

Front 11

what are the Related Factors?

Back 11

Situational factors
Maturational factors
Sociocultural factors

Front 12

What is in Assessment part?

Back 12

Subjective findings
Objective findings
Client expectations

Front 13

What are some Nursing Diagnoses?

Back 13

Compromised family coping
Ineffective coping
Post-trauma syndrome
Disturbed sleep pattern
Impaired social interaction

Front 14

What occurs in the Planning?

Back 14

Goals and outcomes
– Example: enhanced coping abilities
Setting priorities
Continuity of care

Front 15

What occurs in the Implementation?

Back 15

Health promotion
Exercise
Support systems
Time management
Guided imagery and visualization
Progressive muscle relaxation
Assertiveness trainingHealth promotion (cont'd)
Journal writing
Workplace stress management
Acute care
Crisis intervention

Front 16

What occurs in the Evaluation?

Back 16

Client expectations
Response to interventions

Front 17

What are the Nature of Infections?

Back 17

Pathogens
Communicable or contagious

Front 18

WHat is the Course of Infection?

Back 18

Incubation period
Prodromal stage
Illness stage
Convalescence

Front 19

What is the Chain of Infection?

Back 19

Agent
Reservoir
Portal of exit
Mode of transmission
Portal of entry
Susceptible host

Front 20

What is need in Infectious Agent to causes disease?

Back 20

Infectious Agent
Number
Virulence
Entry and survival in host
Susceptibility of host

Front 21

What are Ex. of Reservoirs?

Back 21

Food
Oxygen
Water
Temperature
pH
Light
Skin and mucous membranes
Respiratory tract
Urinary tract
Gastrointestinal tract
Reproductive tract
Blood

Front 22

What are the Modes of Transmission?

Back 22

Contact: direct, indirect, droplet
Air
Vehicles
Vectors

Front 23

And lets not forget the....

Back 23

Portal of exit and entry
Susceptible host

Front 24

What is the Infectious Process?

Back 24

Pathogenicity of microorganisms
Susceptibility of host
Localized
Systemic

Front 25

What are the Defenses Against Infection?

Back 25

Normal body flora
Body system defenses
Inflammatory response
Vascular and cellular responses
Formation of exudates
Tissue repair

Front 26

What are the types and explain Ex of each one Nosocomial Infections??

Back 26

Iatrogenic
Exogenous
Endogenous

Front 27

The Assessment is....

Back 27

Status of body defenses
Client susceptibility
Age
Nutritional status
Stress
Disease process
Medical therapy
Clinical appearance
Laboratory data
Clients with infections

Front 28

Nursing Diagnoses EX.

Back 28

Risk for infection
Altered nutrition: less than body requirements
Impaired skin integrity

Front 29

What are some Planning
Goals and outcomes
Examples??

Back 29

Reduction in wound size by 1 cm
Absence of drainage
Setting priorities
Continuity of care

Front 30

What is involved in the Implementation
phase???

Back 30

Prevention and treatment of infection
Asepsis: medical and surgical
Standard precautions
Hand hygiene
Personal protective equipment
Isolation/protective environments
Client and family education

Front 31

What are some Ex. of Isolation Precautions?

Back 31

Tier two: airborne, droplet, contact
Psychological implications
Environment
Equipment
Specimen collection
Bagging of trash and linen
Transporting clients

Front 32

What are the Surgical Asepsis
Principles for
Sterile procedures?

Back 32

Protective clothing
Opening sterile packages
Sterile field
Sterile scrub
Gowning/gloving

Front 33

And last but not least...

Back 33

Evaluation
Client outcomes
Response to treatment

Front 34

aerobic

Back 34

Of or pertaining to the presence of air or oxygen; requiring oxygen for the maintenance of life

Front 35

anaerobic

Back 35

Absence of oxygen

Front 36

antibodies

Back 36

Immunoglobulins essential to the immune system that are produced by lymphoid tissue in response to bacteria, viruses, or other antigens.

Front 37

antigen

Back 37

Substance (usually a protein) that causes the formation of an antibody and that reacts specifically with that antibody.

Front 38

artificial immunity

Back 38

Immunity that follows the receipt of a vaccine, such as occurs with a tetanus or polio vaccine

Front 39

asepsis

Back 39

Absence of germs or microorganisms.()

Front 40

bactericidal

Back 40

Destructive to bacteria.()

Front 41

bacteriostasis

Back 41

State in which the development or reproduction of bacteria is suspended.

Front 42

broad-spectrum antibiotics do not become ill.

Back 42

Antibiotics that are effective against a wide range of infectious microorganisms

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carriers

Back 43

Animals or persons who harbor and spread a disease-causing organism but who do not become ill.

Front 44

colonizing

Back 44

Referring to the establishment of a mass of microorganisms, often nonpathogenic, in or on the body

Front 45

communicable disease

Back 45

Any disease that can be transmitted from one person or animal to another by direct or indirect contact or by vectors

Front 46

complement

Back 46

Inactive protein compound found in blood serum that is activated when an antigen and an antibody bind together. After a complement is activated, a rapid sequence of catalytic activity changes the shape of antigenic cells

Front 47

cytolysis

Back 47

Rupturing of a cell wall, usually occurring after water or ions have entered the cell.

Front 48

disinfection

Back 48

Process of killing pathogenic organisms

Front 49

edema

Back 49

Abnormal accumulation of fluid in interstitial spaces of tissues

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endogenous infection

Back 50

Infection produced within a cell or organism.

Front 51

exogenous

Back 51

infectionInfection originating outside an organ or part

Front 52

epidemiology

Back 52

Study of the occurrence, distribution, and causes of disease.

Front 53

exudates

Back 53

Fluid, cells, or other substances that have been slowly discharged from cells or blood vessels through small pores or breaks in cell membranes.

Front 54

epidemiology

Back 54

Study of the occurrence, distribution, and causes of disease

Front 55

exogenous infection

Back 55

Infection originating outside an organ or part.

Front 56

exudates

Back 56

Fluid, cells, or other substances that have been slowly discharged from cells or blood vessels through small pores or breaks in cell membranes

Front 57

granulation

Back 57

tissueSoft, pink, fleshy projections of tissue that form during the healing process in a wound that is not healing by primary intention.

Front 58

hand hygiene

Back 58

CDC-recommended approaches for cleansing of the hands involving the use of an instant alcohol hand antiseptic before and after providing client care, hand washing with soap and water when hands are visibly soiled, or performing a surgical scrub.

Front 59

hand washing

Back 59

Vigorous, brief rubbing together of all surfaces of hands lathered in soap, followed by rinsing under a stream of water.

Front 60

iatrogenic infections

Back 60

Infections caused by a treatment or diagnostic procedure.

Front 61

immune responses

Back 61

Defense functions of the body that produce antibodies to destroy invading antigens and malignancies.

Front 62

immunocompromised

Back 62

Abnormal condition of the immune system in which cellular or humoral immunity is inadequate.

Front 63

immunoglobulins

Back 63

Humoral antibodies produced by the body and present in serum and external secretions; formed in response to specific antigens.

Front 64

inflammatory response

Back 64

Protective vascular and cellular reaction that neutralizes pathogens and repairs body cells.

Front 65

interferon

Back 65

Protein that interferes with the ability of viruses to multiply and protects body cells from simultaneous infection with other viruses .

Front 66

invasive

Back 66

Referring to procedures that involve puncture, incision, or insertion of a foreign object, such as a needle or catheter, into the body.

Front 67

leukocytosis

Back 67

Abnormal increase in the number of circulating white blood cells.

Front 68

localized

Back 68

With regard to infections, a type of infection in which the infectious process is limited to a particular area, such as a wound infection.

Front 69

lymphokine

Back 69

A product of cell-mediated immunity; these cells attract macrophages and stimulate them to attack antigens.

Front 70

medical asepsis

Back 70

Procedures used to reduce and prevent the spread of microorganisms; also known as clean technique.

Front 71

microorganisms

Back 71

Any microscopic entity capable of carrying on living processes, such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi.

Front 72

natural immunity

Back 72

Inherited resistance to infection (e.g., humans are resistant to the distemper virus that affects dogs and cats).

Front 73

necrotic

Back 73

Of or pertaining to the death of tissue in response to disease or injury.

Front 74

normal flora

Back 74

Microorganisms that live on or within a body to compete with disease-producing microorganisms and provide a natural immunity against certain infections.

Front 75

passive immunity

Back 75

Form of acquired immunity resulting from antibodies that are transmitted naturally through the placenta to the fetus, through the colostrum to an infant, or artificially by injection or antiserum for treatment or prophylaxis.

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pathogen

Back 76

Any microorganism capable of producing disease

Front 77

pathogenicity

Back 77

Ability of a pathogenic agent to produce disease.

Front 78

phagocytosis

Back 78

Process by which certain cells, such as macrophages, engulf and dispose of microorganisms.

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purulent

Back 79

Producing or containing pus.

Front 80

sanguineous

Back 80

Fluid containing red blood cells.

Front 81

serous

Back 81

A clear (like plasma) fluid that forms an exudate at the site of an inflammation.

Front 82

sterile field

Back 82

Specified area, such as within a tray or on a sterile towel, that is considered free of microorganisms.

Front 83

sterilization

Back 83

Rendering a person unable to produce children; accomplished by surgical, chemical, or other means.

Front 84

suprainfection

Back 84

Secondary infection usually caused by an opportunistic pathogen.

Front 85

(33)
surgical asepsis

Back 85

Procedures used to eliminate all microorganisms, including pathogens and spores, from an object or area; also known as sterile technique.

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susceptibility

Back 86

Condition of being vulnerable to a disease or disorder.

Front 87

systemic

Back 87

Of or pertaining to the whole body rather than to a localized area.

Front 88

vector

Back 88

Carrier, especially one that transmits disease

Front 89

virulence

Back 89

The ability to produce disease.