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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What cross bridges attatch during muscle action?
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Actin
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What substance regulates muscle action?
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Calcium
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What substance acts at the neuromuscular junction to excite the muscle fibers of a motor unit?
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Acetylcholine
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What type of fiber is a marathon runner?
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Type I
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What structure detects and responds to the stretch of a basball player throwing by reflexively increasing muscle activity?
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Muscle Spindle
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Where is the hearts impulse initiated?
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SA Node
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Which occurs during the QRS complex of a typical ECG?
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Repolarization of the atrium, and depolarization of the ventricle
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What is the ultimate source of energy for muscular contraction?
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ATP
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What substance can be metabolized anaerobically?
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Protein
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The predominant energy system used during a training session depends primarily on what?
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Session duration
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The production of lactic acid results from the activation of which energy system?
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Fast glycolysis
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Which of the following energy systems has the highest rate of energy production?
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Phosphagen
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How many ATP are produced via the oxidative energy system from the degradion of one glucose molecule?
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38
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What energy system is perdominantly active at the initiation of all exercise?
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Phosphagen
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What enzyme catalyzes the rate limiting stop of glycolysis?
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PFK
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Acute hormonal secretions provide what?
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amount and type of physiological stress, metabolic demands of exercise
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What hormones enhance muscle tissue growth?
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Growth hormone and IGF-I
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What are functions of growth?
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Increase lipolysis, increase amino acid transport, decrease glucose utilization
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What hormone has the greatest influence on neural changes?
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Testosterone
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What hormone has higher levels in women than men?
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Growth hormone
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What type of joint is the knee?
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Synovial
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What is the equation of power?
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Force X velocity
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Olympic weight lifters
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Remeber 2/3
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During free weight exercise muscle force varies from what?
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Perpendicular distance from the weight, movement acceleration
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A vertical jump involves knee, hip, and shoulder movement primarily in which of the following anatomical places?
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Sagittal
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An athlete is performing a concentric isokinetic elbow flexion and extension exercise. What levers are involved?
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First and Third Class
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What muscle fiber when trained a certain way can change to a more aerobic oxidative form?
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Type IIx
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What workout do you do to prevent osteoporosis?
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Front Squat
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What muscle fiber types are bypassed as a result of selective recruitment for an olympic weightlifter?
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I
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Which are the most effective stimulants of growth hormone production from a resistance training workout?
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Large muscle mass exercises, and High intensity and volume
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A initial decrease in muscle strength is caused my what system?
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Nervous
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What occurs in a runner preparing for a run?
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Hypertrophy of Type I Fibers
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What is stroke volume?
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amount of muscle ejected from the left ventricle during each beat
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What increases during aerobic exercise?
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end diastolic volume, cardiac contractility, cardiac output
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The mean arterial pressure is defined as the what?
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Average blood pressure throughout the cardiac cycle
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Training of an elite aerobically trained athlete include what?
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Increased maimal oxygen uptake and running economy, and decreased blood lactate concentration
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What is an early adaptation to acclimatizing to high altitude?
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Increased resting cardiac output
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