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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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CD-ROM
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Compact Disc Read Only Memory or Compact Disc Read Only Media
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How are CD-ROMs and DVD read?
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CD-ROMs and DVDs use a laser light to read ‘pits and lands’ on a thin metal film on a plastic disc. The ‘pits’ cause the light NOT to be reflected back to a light reading diode and are read as binary 1s. The flat, shiny ‘lands’ bounce the light back to the light reading diode and are read as binary 0s
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How much can a CD hold?
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650-700MB
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How are CD-ROM drives connected?
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IDE(ATA), SCSI, SATA, Firewire, or USB interfaces
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Transfer rates of CDs
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When the first CD came out, it had a data transfer rate of 150 kilobytes per second. This was a 1X drive. At a speed of 2X, the data transfer rate is 300 kilobytes/second, and at a speed of 4X, the data transfer rate is 600 kilobytes/ second. At a speed of 40X, the data transfer rate is 6MB/second (40 times 150KB), and at a speed of 52X, the data transfer rate is 7.8 MB/second.
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CD-R
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Recordable Compact Disc
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How do CD-Rs work?
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A chemical, in the form of an organic dye is embedded into the disc at manufacturing. A laser light, with a specific intensity, can change the dye to become opaque, or cloudy. This acts as a pit to the CD as it is read. A CD-R has two speeds: a record speed listed first and a read speed listed second. This numbering sequence looks like:
1 X 32. |
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CD-RW
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Rewritable CD
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How does CD-RW work?
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The process uses a non-‐crystalline substance, that when heated by the intensity of the laser light, becomes crystalline. The crystalline areas are reflective (lands) and the non-‐crystalline areas act like pits. These areas can be reheated by a laser using a different intensity of light, and the area will be non-‐crystalline again and able to be reused to rewrite data. Examples of the numbering speeds listed on a CD-‐RW burner are: 12 X 10 X 32. The first is the write speed, second is the rewrite speed and last is the read speed.
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Capacity of a blu-ray disc
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upwards of 50GB of data
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Connecing a BD drive
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Internal: SATA only
external: USB, Firewire, eSATA |
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Connecting a hard drive
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EIDE, SATA, SCSI
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Capacity of DVD
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DVD-‐5 (12cm, SS/SL)= 4.37 GB, over two hrs of video
DVD-‐9 (12cm, SS/DL)=7.95 GB, about four hours DVD-‐10 (12cm, DS/SL)= 8.74 GB DVD-‐18 (12cm, DS/DL)= 15.9 GB, over eight hours SS=single sided SL= Single layer DS=Double sided DL= Double layer |
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Connecting DVDS
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usually EIDE or SATA
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How many IDE ports do modern motherboards have?
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1-2
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How do SATA drives communicate data?
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Over a high speed serial link
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3. Since the introduction of SATA, what are older IDE devices known as?
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PATA
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SATA controllers have often added _____ functionality to systems.
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RAID
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When installing Windows XP, one has to push the ____ at the beginning of the installation process to install RAID drivers.
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F6
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What three SATA standards currently exist?
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SATA 1.5 Gb/s, SATA 3 Gb/s and SATA 6 Gb/s
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What are the transfer rates of the three versions of SATA?
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1.5, 3, 6 Gigabits per second
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To enable new drives to operate on older SATA controllers, ____-negotiation must be enabled.
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AUto
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If using a SATA/6 or SATA/3 drive with a SATA/1.5 controller, what must be done?
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Manually set peripherals to 1.5 Gb/s modes
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How many wires are used on a SATA data connector?
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7
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SATA drives have a ____-pin power connector or an older style ______power connector.
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15
4-pin Molex |
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What is the first step in installing or removing an internal drive from a computer?
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remove power
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What is the minimum number of screws you should use to mount a drive?
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3
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the most common hard drive type for upgrading both laptops and desktop PCs is____?
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SATA
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A RAID controller is required in order to do what?
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To create a mirrored volume of two disks
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What is the highest capacity that you can expect from a single sided DVD-R disc?
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4.7 GB
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You have a RAID 5 set up on a server at your office with ten drives installed. How many drives can fail in the array and still preserve the data?
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1
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How many devices can you attach to a single serial ATA controller?
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1
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Bob has just installed a new CD-RW drive AND a new CD-ROM drive in a system, connecting both of them to the same PATA cable. When he boots the system, he doesn't see any of the new drives. What is the most likely cause of the problem?
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Both drives are set to Slave.
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You want to configure disk striping on a desktop PC. Which level of RAID will accomplish this?
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RAID 0
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Which of the following provides data redundancy by writing data to two disks at the same time?
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RAID 1
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You are setting up a RAID 5 drive array on your desktop PC. You have two 500 GB SATA HDD's. One of the drives is 7200 RPM and the other is 5400 RPM. Your RAID setup utility is unable to configure the RAID 5 array. What is the problem?
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You need a minimum of 3 drives for RAID 5
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What is the PHYSICAL part of the hard drive that stores data?
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Platter
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RAID 0
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2+ drives share the job of reading and writing data. The reading or writing of a file is broken up into several pieces, and each of the pieces are handled by a different disk. Each disk is responsible for a smaller job. Called disk striping. Faster speeds but if one drive fails, all data is lost.
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RAID 1
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The process of setting up 2, 4, 6 or more (even number) hard drives. Makes exact copies of each disk. RAID uses Drive mirroring, which means that all data saved to one disk is automatically written to another drive in the array. Creates instant backup of all data. If one drive fails, you can still have the data
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RAID 5
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Basically a combo of RAID 0 and RAID 1. Requires at least 3 drives, RAID 5 delivers the speed of RAID 0 and the backup of RAID 1 by combining striping with parity distributed across all of the drives in the array. Fastest and safest method.
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Software RAID
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Set of storage disks are formatted using special RAID software and then the computer's CPU is used to do the job of striping, mirroring, and error-checking on the array. Easier and cheaper but CPU has to do more work
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Hardware RAID
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setup using set of storage disks and a dedicated hardware RAID Controller. The RAID Controller would provide the storage disk connection ports either built into the motherboard or on an expansion card. Harder to set up and more $$
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