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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are stereoisomers
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isomers with the same order of atomic connections but different configurations
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What are enantiomers?
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non superimposable mirror images
(all the chiral centers are opposite) |
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What are diastereomers?
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Stereoisomers that are not enantiomers... aka, not all of their chiral centers are opposite, but they have more than one
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What are epimers?
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A special kind of diastereomer that differs at only one chiral center
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What are two ways to identify the anomeric carbon?
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1) is it the singular carbon connected to the oxygen.
2) it is the carbon that is opposite the Carbon 6 (CH2OH) |
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How do you tell if it is alpha or beta?
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The OH connected to the anomeric carbon will be down for alpha and up for beta.
**BE on the lookout, if the sugar is turned over, it will be opposite....the Carbon 6 is a ref point. Alpha-they are on opp sides of ring Beta- same sides of ring |
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monosaccharides are linked together by what type of bonds
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glycosidic
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How do you distinguish a reducing sugar?
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Reducing sugars have an anomeric carbon that is not part of a glycosidic bond
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What is the glycosidic bond structure of sucrose?
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glucose a-1,b-2 fructose
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what is the glycosidic bond structure of lactose?
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galactose B-1,4 glucose
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what is the glycosidic structure of amylose
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alpha 1 4
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what is the glyc structure of glycogen
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a 1 4 linked glucoses with a 1 6 linked glucoses
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Why is cellulose's function as fiber?
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the body can not recognize it's beta bonds to break it down, therefore it passes right thru
cellulose is also good for linear structure, as it is linear |
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Amylose is compact/dense
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compact
good for storage the body DOES recognize it's bonds and breaks it down |
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What are gluosaminoglycans?
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polysaccharides containing sugarthat serve as structural roles in joints
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Oligosaccharides play an important role as ______
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cellular marks aka ABO blood groups
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