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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Bacterial Vaginosis.
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CA: gardnerella vaginosis
Sx: grey d/c w fishy odour, not pruritic RFs: anti-bx, post menopause Dx: clinical, wet smear Mx: Clindamycin PV, metronidazole 5-7 days |
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Thrush
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CA: candida albicans
Sx: thick, white, cheesy d/c, itch, vaginal tenderness, dyspareuria RFs: COOP, pregnancy, DM, post-antibx Dx: clinical, HVS Mx: topical miconazole 7 days, PO fluconazole 5 days |
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Trichomonas vaginitis
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CA: trichomonas vaginalis
Sx: frothy yellow/green D/C, fishy odour, strawberry cervix Dx: wet mount Tx: as for bacterial vaginosis |
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Gonorrhoea
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Ca: neisseria gonorrhoea (gram -ve diplococci)
Sx: asymptomatic (60%), discoloured d/c, cervicitis, vulvitis, dysuria, dyspareunia, PR bleeding Dx: +ve culture, urine PCR Tx: azithromycin, ceftriazone, doxycycline; test for chlamydia Cx: conjunctivitis in neonate |
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Chlamydia
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CA: chylamydia trachomatis, obligate intracellular parasite most common STI in Aus
Sx: asymptomatic (70-90%), discoloured d/c cervicitis, vulvitis etc Dx: +ve culture/immunofluorescence, urine PCR Tx: azithromycin 1mg Cx: neonate conjunctivitis, neonate pneumonitis |
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Genital herpes
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CA: HSV-1 and 2 (most 2)
Sx: painful blisters/ulcers, dysuria, urine retention, local LNs, asymptomatic Dx: PCR swab Tx: Acyclovir 400mg Cx: 40% chance of vertical transmission if blisters |
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Genital warts
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CA: HPV 6,11 (16,18); >50% of adults have been infected
Sx: genital warts, pain, pruritis, bleeding Dx: clinical, histology if unsure Tx: ablation, laser tx, cryotherapy (recurrence up to 40%) |
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Syphilis
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CA: traponema pallidum
Sx: 1st (21days) chancre (painless ulcer) 2nd (2-3mth) systemic sx and maculo-papular rash Latent phase 3rd (>3 yrs) neruological, CVS, gummas Dx: chancre bx + dark field microscopy, syphilis serology Tx: penicillin IV or erythromycin |
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HIV/AIDS
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CA: HIV
Sx: seroconversion illness (2 weeks) symptomatic state of weight loss, fatigue, infections Dx: HIV antibodies (>3mths), viral load, CD4&8 T counts Mx: HART |
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Neonate bacterial vaginosis
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Increases T2 loss and preterm
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Neonatal gonorrhoea
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conjunctivitis
Tx: silver nitrate as prophylaxis |
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Neonatal chlamydia
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red, stick eye -> chloramphenicol
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Neonatal genital herpes
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mortality is 75%, involves skin, liver, CNS
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GBS
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Overwhelming septicaemia and pneumonia
prevent by vaginal swab at 35 weeks and penicillin if positive result |
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HIV/AIDS
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Treat with antiretrovirals and C/S
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Toxoplasmosis
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CA: toxoplasma gondii
Sx: tetrad of - hydrocephalus -microcephaly -choeioretinitis -convulsions -cerebral calcifications Dx: toxo antibody titre (IgM) Tx: Spyramycin for 3 wks, then clindamycin until 20 weeks |
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CMV
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CA: CMV
Sx: 90% asymptomatic 10% of infants affected: - microcephaly -blindness -deafness -pneumonitis -chorioretinitis -cerebral calficiation -developmental delay Dx: CMV IgM antibody |
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Rubella
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CA: togavirus
Sx: -CVS defects -eye defects -deafness +/- hepatitis, thrombocytopaenia, bone involvement, microcephaly, mental retardation Dx: rubella antibody titre Tx: ?termination, vaccinate mother pre-pregnancy or post-partum |
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Varicella Zoster
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CA: herpes
Sx: congenital - hypoplastic limbs -scarring -CNS anomalies Neonatal chickenpox if 2-5 days post birth Dx: varicella zoster antibody |
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Parvovirus while pregnancy
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Anaemia and hydrops foetalis
Test virus specific IgM |
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Listeria monocytogenes
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1. Septicaemia within 2 days of birth when born prematurly with RDS and rash
2. Meningoencephalitis after fifth day Tx: ampicillin |
