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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What question does the area of metaphysics seek to answer? What does metaphy
scs seek to disocover? |
What is Real?
General normative criteria for what is real and how that differs from what may seem to be real bust actually is not. |
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What is the most ancient branch of philosophy?
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metaphsyics
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Metaphysics seeks to determine the difference between...
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appearance and reality.
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According the theory of knowledge known as empiricism, the criterion for what is real can be discovered by...
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the five senses
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What is the kind of knowledge that comes from the senses?
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Empirical knowledge
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What does it mean for something to be intersubjectivelt verifiable?
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It means something is observable to more than one individual.
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What is rationalism ?
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the view that appeals to the reason, not the senses, as the source of knowledge. In its most extereme form, rationalism insts that all knowledge is dervied from reason.
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What are five criteria by which we can determine what is real?
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1. Empirically observable
2. Intersubjectively verifiable 3. Consistent with other beliefs. 4. Permanent and independent of other objects. 5. Mind-dependent |
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Name the philosopher who argued that only God was fully real since God alone existed completely independent and unchanging, whereas all other things depended at least on God for their existence
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Baruch Spinoza
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True or False: the task of the meta physician is to select from all the things we experience those which fit together into a coherent package, and call this reality. Those things which do not fit are called appearance. Then the metaphysician tries to explain the group known as appearance on the basis of the group known as reality.
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True
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Is there a difference between saying that something is not real and saying that it does not exist at all?
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Yes
Calling something real or unreal is a way of classifying. Calling something unreal is putting it in a category of things considered less basic, less important in the scheme of things. |
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What are the four elements that are crucial in determining what is real and what is not?
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Simplicity, comprehensibility, comprehensiveness, and consistency
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Thales proposed the basic element of everything was?
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water
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Anaximander proposed that the basic reality out of which everything was to be explained ...
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count not be any known element but something completely different.
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Metaphysics basically seeks to explain the observable in terms of...
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the unobservable
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the metaphysician's motive in postulating unobservable entities is to...
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explain the observable world in the simplest, most comprehensible, comprehensive, and consistent way possible.
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What are the tests any goodmetaphysical theory must pass?
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it must be
simple consistent comprehensible comprehensive |
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Why is metaphysics valuable? What does it provide?
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It provides a much needed and perhaps even necessary tool for organizing our experiences into a comprehensible, intelligible, and meaningful whole.
it also gives us a comprehensible view of the world. |
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What was Kants view of metaphysics?
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metaphysics is not so much a science of the underlying reality of the world, but a set of guiding assumptions or hypotheses which the mind requires to make sense of the world.
metaphysics isnt so much a description of the world as it is a description of how human beings must think if theyare to make sense of the world at all? |
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What are the two basic types or ideas of metaphysics?
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1) metaphysic as a a science of the supersensible
2) as the task of describing the most basic principles of the world as we experience it. |
