Step 3 Kaplan

Front 1

B-thalassemia minor

Back 1

Only one of β globin alleles bears a mutation. Individual will suffer microcytic anemia. Detection usually involves lower than normal MCV value (<80 fL). Plus an increase in fraction of Hemoglobin A2 (>3.5%) and a decrease in fraction of Hemoglobin A (<97.5%).

Front 2

B-thalassemia major

Back 2

If both alleles have thalassemia mutations. This is a severe microcytic, hypochromic anemia. Untreated, it causes anemia, splenomegaly, and severe bone deformities. It progresses to death before age 20. Treatment consists of periodic blood transfusion; splenectomy if splenomegaly is present, and treatment of transfusion-caused iron overload. Cure is possible by bone marrow transplantation.

Front 3

Silent carrier

Back 3

There is minimal effect. Three α-globin genes are enough to permit normal hemoglobin production, and there are no clinical symptoms. They have been called silent carriers. They may have a slightly reduced mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin.

Front 4

Alpha thalessemia trait

Back 4

The condition is called alpha thalassemia trait. Two α genes permit nearly normal erythropoiesis, but there is a mild microcytic hypochromic anemia. The disease in this form can be mistaken for iron deficiency anemia and treated inappropriately with iron.

Front 5

The condition is called Hemoglobin H disease

Back 5

. Two unstable hemoglobins are present in the blood: Hemoglobin Barts (tetrameric γ chains) and Hemoglobin H (tetrameric β chains). Both of these unstable hemoglobins have a higher affinity for oxygen than normal hemoglobin, resulting in poor oxygen delivery to tissues. There is a microcytic hypochromic anemia with target cells and Heinz bodies (precipitated HbH) on the peripheral blood smear, as well as splenomegaly. The disease may first be noticed in childhood or in early adult life, when the anemia and splenomegaly are noted.

Front 6

Criteria for thrombolytics (in MI)

Back 6

St elevation >1mm in 2 contiguous leads, ST segment depressions? 2mm in anterior leads (v1-v2)

Front 7

Cefoxitin

Back 7

gram - and anaerobic organisms. Used for abscesses

Front 8

Physiologic jaudice

Back 8

increase over 3 days to 15ml/dl

Front 9

When do you give exchange transfusion for neonatal jaundice?

Back 9

20ml/dl

Front 10

Nl TSH

Back 10

0.5-5

Front 11

Repeat blood level in 3 months

Back 11

10-14

Front 12

Repeat blood level in 2 months

Back 12

15-19

Front 13

Repeat blood level in 1 wwek

Back 13

20-44

Front 14

Repeat blood level in 2 days start on succimer

Back 14

45-69

Front 15

70+

Back 15

hospitalize and give dimercaprol and calcium EDTA

Front 16

When to give a tetanus toxiod booster?

Back 16

got tetanus toxiod between 5-10 years ago

Front 17

When to give tetanus toxiod and immunogloblin?

Back 17

More than 10 years ago and a dirty wound.

Front 18

When to transfuse a young health persons

Back 18

HCT<25%

Front 19

Most frequent abnormality in antibody found Sjorgen's disease (most sensitive)

Back 19

+ANA

Front 20

Most specific for Sjorgen's

Back 20

Ani ro and la

Front 21

What disease is Rheumatoid factor always +

Back 21

Cryoglobimenia (esp in hep C)

Front 22

DDx: asymetric oligiodendritis

Back 22

Reactive arthritis, psoaritic arthritis, ankylosizing spongolysis, gonococcal arthritis

Front 23

Linezoid

Back 23

thrombocytopenia/serotonin syndrome

Front 24

Treatment for neutrapenic fever

Back 24

antipseduomonial + gentomycin

If indwelling catheter add vanco

Front 25

Sign/Symptoms BOOP

Back 25

cough
dyspnea
influenza-like symptoms
febrile illness
widespread crackles
mild resting hypoxemia
On clinical examination, crackles are common, and more rarely, patients may have clubbing. Laboratory findings are nonspecific.

Almost 75% of people have symptoms for less than two months before seeking medical attention. A flu-like illness, with a cough, fever, a feeling of illness (malaise), fatigue, and weight loss heralds the onset in about 40% of patients

Front 26

If a patient presents 3.5-4.5 hours after sx onset, what meds do you give

Back 26

Aspirin or clopidegral +dyprimadole

Front 27

Side effect of ribivan?

Back 27

hemolysis-reduce dose

Front 28

Side effect of inferon

Back 28

depressed mood and flu like symptoms

Front 29

Zidovudine side effect

Back 29

reduced RBC production

Front 30

When is the quad screen done?

Back 30

15-20 weeks

Front 31

Rx: spontaneous bacterial pertonitis

Back 31

cefotaxime

Front 32

Olazapine side-effect

Back 32

weight gain, hyperlipedmia, hyperlipedima

Front 33

Milestones: 18 months

Back 33

walk down stairs while hold rail
sit on small chair
build a four cube block tower
Speak 10 words

Front 34

Milestones:15 months

Back 34

crawl up stairs
build a 3 block tower
communicate what he wants by pointing

Front 35

Milestones:24 months

Back 35

run, walk up and down stairs
build a 7 cube block tower
speak two-3 word sentences
use a spoon

Front 36

Milestones:30 months old

Back 36

stand on one leg
build a 9 cube tower
know their name and say I

Front 37

Milestones:36 months old

Back 37

rides tricycle

Front 38

Triad of Henoch–Schönlein purpura

Back 38

abdominal pain, joint pain, rash

Front 39

most common early complication of hencoch palpable purpura

Back 39

intussception

Front 40

most common late complication of hencoch palpable purpura

Back 40

renal involvement-check BP and do urinalysis

Front 41

Triad of Henoch–Schönlein purpura

Back 41

abdominal pain, joint pain, rash

Front 42

Describe herpetidies multiformis

Back 42

chronic, intensely pruritic rash, lesions appear symterically on extensor surfaces

Front 43

Abx associated with seizures

Back 43

carbapenems

Front 44

When to treat a first time seizure

Back 44

Abnormal EKG
Status epilecticus that did not resolve spontaneous (required meds)
Non-resolvable cause-such as a brain lession
Strong family hx.

Front 45

meds that decrease mortality in CHF

Back 45

spiralactone, B-blockers, Ace

Front 46

Requirements for iron absorbtion

Back 46

Intact dueodeum
Acidic environemt

Thus-celiac disease pt are iron deficient

Front 47

Indications to give hypertonic saline

Back 47

Na<110
patient acutely symptomatic:confusion, seizure, coma

Front 48

optimal tidal volume in ARDS

Back 48

500ml
(avoid baro trauma)

Front 49

In poly/dermomytisis, which antibody is associated with interstitial fibrosis?

Back 49

anti-jo

Front 50

earliest manifestation of pelvic abscess

Back 50

diarrhea

Front 51

How low should the water heater be set to avoid burns

Back 51

130

Front 52

Treatment of choice for candemenia and emperic coverage of fungenima in neutrapenic patients

Back 52

Echinocandians: caspofungin
micufungin,andulingufing
Don't cover crytococcus

Front 53

rx for urge incontinence?

Back 53

anticholinergics, e.g oxybutnin

Front 54

rx: over flow incontience

Back 54

tricyclic antidepressants.

Front 55

Indications for PFO closure

Back 55

Pulmonary HTN (e.g in COPD)
DVT
Bubble study showing shunting.
Recall, PFO is nl in 2/3 population

Front 56

microcytic anemia + normal iron studies =

Back 56

thalessemia

Front 57

Only form of microcytic anemia with elevated reticulocyt count

Back 57

Hemogloblin H disease

Front 58

When are pregno's screen for DM

Back 58

24-28 weeks

Front 59

5 month old

Back 59

Can babble, grasp, control head and arms, roll over, and make vowel sounds

Five letters in grasp

Front 60

2 & 3 months olds

Back 60

can coo and grunt, lift head while on stomach

Front 61

7 month old

Back 61

sit without support, creep, emotional attachment to mom

Front 62

Risk factors for neonatal jaundice

Back 62

ABO compatibility
Jaundice in first 24 hours
gestational age 34-36
Breast feeding with inadequate intake
Celphohematoma?

Front 63

When is photo therapy indicated in hyperbili?

Back 63

12>24hrs
15>48hrs
18>72 hours

Front 64

Best way to confirm siderblastic anemia

Back 64

Prussian blue

Front 65

Normal urine Ph

Back 65

<5.4

Front 66

Indications for endocarditis ppx

Back 66

prosthetic heart valves
Prior ho IE
Unrepaired cynanotic heart disease w/ shunt

Front 67

t/f blood cultures should be drawn before initiating antibiotics in bacterial mengitis

Back 67

True

Front 68

What is the difference in diagnosis between adults and children who have hematuria 2/2 trauma

Back 68

All children get CT
Only adults w/ hematuria & hypotension

Front 69

True/false: heparin desolves preexisting clots

Back 69

false

Front 70

Most common manifestation outside the spine

Back 70

Uveitis

Front 71

What are the major criteria for Rheumatic fever

Back 71

Migratory arthritis
Carditis
Syndeham chorea
Erythema marginata: subcutaneous nodules

Front 72

When is Rhogam given (week)

Back 72

28 week

Front 73

Indications for inhaled corticoid steriods in COPD

Back 73

FEV<50
More than 3 excerabations in a year

Front 74

rx: diverticulosis

Back 74

A clinical dx:
rx: cefutoxime and metro

Front 75

When should bisphophates be given for osteoporesis

Back 75

Post-menopausal women:
1) experience low impact trauma
2) T score <2.5
3) women with T score <1.5 w/ risk factors

Front 76

Epigastric pain: when to scope

Back 76

>45-55

Front 77

Rx: achalesia

Back 77

Myomectomy

Front 78

When should a diabetic start a statin?

Back 78

LDL 100-130

Front 79

How to treat asthma attack in ER

Back 79

Depends on baseline:
Mild-Moderate or Fev1 >40- albuterol x 3 doses in 1 hour; if recently on steroid give
Severe or Fev <40: corticoids, itraprium, Albuterol67

Front 80

What conditions are associated w/ pseudo gout?

Back 80

Hemochromatosis
Hypomagenia
Hyperparathyroidism

Front 81

How many episodes of mania are required to dx bipolar syndrome?

Back 81

1

Front 82

Mandatory in osteomyletis

Back 82

Bone biospy before abx: osteo rx is prolonged and there are many possible organisms

Front 83

erythema nodasa is commonly associated w/ which illness

Back 83

Strep throat

Front 84

Treatment for Non-ST elevation MI

Back 84

Beta blocker
Heparin
Aspirin
Abciximab

Front 85

How to confirm disseminated gonorreah infection

Back 85

Difficullt to culture
swap multiple sites (vag, rectum, ect)

Front 86

Biggest risk factor for post-partum endometris

Back 86

C-section

Front 87

Echo-evaluation for cardiac surgery

Back 87

end-systolic venticular demension of 55mm
Left venticular ejection fraction < 55%

Front 88

Potential complication of typical antipsychotics

Back 88

Long-QT
Check EKG

Front 89

quetipine side-effect

Back 89

orthostatic hypotension

Front 90

What does Chlinda cover

Back 90

Staph, strep, anerobes-no MRSA

Front 91

First line therapy for cellulitis

Back 91

Cefalozin
(unless multiple recurrences/hospitalizations)

Front 92

Tetrology of Fallot

Back 92

VSD
Pulmonary stenosis
Overriding aorta
R. ventricle hypertrophy

Front 93

Cyanotic heart disease

Back 93

Tet
transposition
truncus
total analous venous return
tricuspid atersia
Pulmonary stenosis

Front 94

Treatment for PID

Back 94

Doxycycline and cefoxitan/cefotatan

Front 95

3 stages of lyme disease

Back 95

early localized disease: erythema migranes
early disseminated disease: multiple EM, neuro sym (BL bell-palsy), Carditis
Late disease: large joint arthretis

Front 96

Lyme disease Treatment (children)

Back 96

Children under 8 can't get doxy
so give:
early: amox
Early disseminated: cefttriaxone
Dissemated disease: ceftriaxone

Front 97

rx: disseminated lyme

Back 97

Ceftriaxone

Front 98

Cephasporins covering gram- rods

Back 98

cefipime and cefitazidime

Front 99

What do pippercillin and tigracillin cover

Back 99

gram - rods
anerobes
Streo

Front 100

pseudomonal coverage

Back 100

Levofloxian
gatofloxin
moxifloxicin

Front 101

carepenims

Back 101

cover anerobes and sensitive staph

Front 102

Cephasporins covering gram- rods

Back 102

cefipime and cefitazidime

Front 103

tigeracillin what does it cover?

Back 103

MSRA, broad coverage of gram-

Front 104

What do pippercillin and tigracillin cover

Back 104

gram - rods
anerobes
Streo

Front 105

pseudomonal coverage

Back 105

Levofloxian
gatofloxin
moxifloxicin

Front 106

carepenims

Back 106

cover anerobes and sensitive staph

Front 107

tigeracillin what does it cover?

Back 107

MSRA, broad coverage of gram-

Front 108

only cepholosporins with anaerobic coverage

Back 108

cefoxititin and cefotetan

Front 109

Which antibiotics have no anaerobic coverage

Back 109

flouroquinolones
Cepholosporins exection?
Aminoglycocides
Azteranam
oxicillan/naficillin

Front 110

minor strep infections could be covered w/

Back 110

TPSMX
Clinda

Front 111

Cefipime/ceftazidime

Back 111

gram- rods

Front 112

Carbepenems

Back 112

cover anaerobes, strep, and sensitive staph

Front 113

side-effect: fosocarnet

Back 113

renal toxicity

Front 114

gancyclovir side-effect

Back 114

causes bone marrow suppression

Front 115

rx: hep C

Back 115

Rivaribin

Front 116

True/false Ampotericin causes hyperkalemia

Back 116

false

Front 117

Which are the only types of osteomylitis that can be treated w/ oral antibiotics?

Back 117

samenalla
Pseudo

Front 118

What medication could be given if otitis media is not improving

Back 118

amoxicillin-clavuic acid

Front 119

True/false: strep pharyngitis does not cause cough or hoareness

Back 119

True

Front 120

Imepigo-MRSA community acquired

Back 120

TMP-SMX

Front 121

Rx: erypsella?

Back 121

empiric: dicloxicillian
Confirmed: Penicillin V

Front 122

Rx: minor cellulitis

Back 122

dicloxicillin or cephafexilin orally

Front 123

Rx: severe cellulitis

Back 123

IV cefazolin, oxacillin, naficillian

Front 124

best antifungal drug for hair and nail infections?

Back 124

terbinafine (causes elevated LFTs)

Front 125

rx: pregnant pt w/ std

Back 125

Azthromycin and ceftriaxone

Front 126

Rx: orchitis-epidymitis

Back 126

<35 dox & ceftriaxone
> 35 floroquinolone

Front 127

Name two causes of normal anion gap metabolic acidosis

Back 127

RTA2
Diarrhea

Front 128

How large of an induration can BCG cause?

Back 128

usually can't get greater than 15

Front 129

How does rabies present?

Back 129

Prodome illness: fever & pharygitis
then neurological symptoms

Front 130

Which factor is most important in estimating the 90 day mortality from liver disease

Back 130

creatine

Front 131

How low should viral load go after 6 months on HAART?

Back 131

0-50 copies

Front 132

Usual recommendation for post-exposure ppx HIV

Back 132

2 nucleoside inhibitors for four weeks (unless pt has high viral load than add protease)

Front 133

Treatment of community acquired pneunoma in hospitalized pt

Back 133

Cover Typicals, eg. pneumococcal
Atypicals:azthromycin

Front 134

Sig cardiovascular family hx

Back 134

Female < 65
Male <55

Front 135

When to chose Thallium over adenosine or dipyromole testing?

Back 135

Can't read EKG b/c:
LBBB
Pace maker
Digoxin

Front 136

When do ace/arbs lower mortality in MI?

Back 136

if ejection fraction is low

Front 137

Lowers mortality in MI

Back 137

Aspirin
Clopidigrel
Thrombolytics
Angioplast
B-blockers
Statitins

Front 138

Dx & treatment: cardiogenic shock

Back 138

swan-guage catheter
Ace, urgent revascularization

Front 139

Valve rupture: diagnosis and treatment

Back 139

Echo
Nitroprussde
Ace
Intra-throatic ballon-bridge to surgery

Front 140

T/F: handgrip softens the murmur of AS?

Back 140

True: what is imp is the gradient

Front 141

Handgrip/amyle nitrate decrease the murmur of MS?

Back 141

These have negibile effect

Front 142

INR 5-9 none or minimal bleeding

Back 142

Hold Warfarin
Give low dose VIt K

Front 143

INR>9 and no bleeding

Back 143

Hold Warfrin
Give high does vit K

Front 144

Dig toxicity

Back 144

N/V, fatigue confusion, visual disturbances, cardiac abnormalities

Front 145

INR<5 and none or minimal bleeding

Back 145

Hold Warfrin for one or two days or lower dose

Front 146

INR 5-9 none or minimal bleeding

Back 146

Hold Warfarin
Give low dose VIt K

Front 147

Most common cause of non-sustained V-Tach?

Back 147

structural heart disease

Front 148

INR>9 and no bleeding

Back 148

Hold Warfrin
Give high does vit K

Front 149

Dig toxicity

Back 149

N/V, fatigue confusion, visual disturbances, cardiac abnormalities

Front 150

INR goal for AVR mechanical valve

Back 150

2-3
If sinus rhythm
Left atrium nl

Front 151

INR goal for MVR valve repair/AO valve w/ a fib

Back 151

2.5-3.5

Front 152

First line rx paroxysmal afib. What is the cavet?

Back 152

Calcium channel blockers
(unless CHF or conduction defect)

Front 153

Define Sub-clinical hypothyroidism

Back 153

Elevated TSH
Nl T4
Measure: antithyroid peroxidase antibody

Front 154

Amiodarone' effect on thyroid fxn tests

Back 154

TSH: nl
Total T4 elevated
T3 nl
Can hypo/hyperthyroidism

Front 155

rx: papillary thyroid cancer

Back 155

Near total thyroidectomy

Front 156

OCPs effect on thyroid globin

Back 156

Increase binding
Thus, increase levothyroxi for hypo thyroid pts

Front 157

Contraindications for metformin (new!)

Back 157

Alcohol
CHF

Front 158

rx: hypercalcium 2/2 sarcoid

Back 158

glucortiods

Front 159

When to treat Sarcoid?

Back 159

Symptomatic patient
Pulmonary function change
DONT treat erythema nodosum

Front 160

Dx: allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis

Back 160

skin prick test

Front 161

allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis presentation

Back 161

Asthmatic w/ fever, malaise, cough, brownish mucoid obstruction

Front 162

Single most important factor in predicting survival in COPD

Back 162

FEV1

Front 163

Physiologic PEP

Back 163

5
PEP in ARD should be ~ 10

Front 164

Object for ARDS vent settings

Back 164

Pa02 of 60
O2 sat ~ 90
Permissive hypercapnia

Front 165

Low voltage qrs comlexes

Back 165

think: pericardial effusion

Front 166

High risk surgery

Back 166

vascular surgery

Front 167

test of choice for suspect malignant pulmonary nodule?

Back 167

Video assisted throractic scope

Front 168

large cell carcinoma. Where is it located?

Back 168

Perpherially-can involve pleura

Front 169

Typical feature of Squamus cell carcinoma of the lung

Back 169

cavitory legion in the bronchus
associated w/ hypercalcemia 2/2 parathyroid like protein.

Front 170

Suggest benign pulmonary lesion

Back 170

pop corn, laminated, central, diffuse homogenous calcifications

Front 171

Medications increasing warfarin metabolism?

Back 171

Rifampin
Phenobarbital

Front 172

First line rx: Chrons and UC?

Back 172

Mesalime
NOT sulfasalizine b/c
Rash
Hemolytic anemia
interstitial nephritis

Front 173

rx: perianal fistula

Back 173

Acute: Cipro and metro
PPX: TNF alpha inhibitors

Front 174

When to take someone with pancreatitis be biospied?

Back 174

>30% necrosis on CT: if infected, necrotic, go for debridement

Front 175

Hep B is associated w/ what vasculitide?

Back 175

PAN

Front 176

How could Hep B and C present

Back 176

Serum sickness: joint pain, fever, uticaria

Front 177

How are the LFT's different in Drug vs Viral Hep

Back 177

Drug induced: Toast your AST
Viral: ALT (HIV Test)

Front 178

Define chronic hep B?

Back 178

>6 month positive serology: start antivirals

Front 179

Serum to Albumin Ascites ratio (SAAG)

Back 179

>1.1-cirrhosis or CHF
<1.1: no portal HTN

Front 180

Most common causes of upper GI bleed in HIV positive

Back 180

Lymphoma/karposi sarcoma

Front 181

How to differentiate prerenal vs hepatorenal syndrome

Back 181

Hep doesn't respond to fluid challenge
Urine sodium less than 10 vs less than 20 in prerenal

Front 182

When is hypertriglyceremia considered a risk for pancreatitis?

Back 182

>500

Front 183

Side of effect of isoretion

Back 183

hyperlipemia

Front 184

Oliguria

Back 184

<500 cc/day
<20cc/hr

Front 185

Azathioprine

Back 185

can cause acute pancreatitis

Front 186

urobilinogen in a UA

Back 186

suggests hemolysis

Front 187

abx causing pancreatitis

Back 187

metro, tetracyclin

Front 188

DDX: isolated elevation of Alkaline phosphate

Back 188

infiltrative disease: malignancy, granulomatous disease, infections certain meds

Front 189

DDx: Euvolemic hyponatremia

Back 189

SIADH
Hypothyrodism
Psychogenic polydipsia

Front 190

What are the possibilities with a positive ELISA-anti-HCV antibodies?

Back 190

Pesistant infection
Cleared infection
false positive
Confirm w/ HCV rna

Front 191

Normal leukocyte count

Back 191

4500-11000

Front 192

When to give hypertonic saline?

Back 192

Hyponateria w/ altered mental status/seizure

Front 193

standard feeding regimine for hospitalized pt

Back 193

30cal/kg/d
1g/kg/d proteint

Front 194

Goal for correction in hyponatremia

Back 194

8-10 meg/l/d

Front 195

hyperplasic polyps

Back 195

Surveillance colonoscopy every 10 years

Front 196

1 or 2 small (<1cm) tubular adenomas w/o high-grade dysplasia

Back 196

survilence every 5 years

Front 197

3 or mor adenomas
High-grade dysplasia
Vilous feautes
Any adenoma 1 cm or large

Back 197

survleillence every 3 years

Front 198

What test to order to make diagnosis of hyponatremia

Back 198

Pna, osmolarity, total protein, gluc, lipids

Front 199

DDx: nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

Back 199

Renal failure, hypercalcemia, lithuim, sickle cell

Front 200

How to work-up hypokalemia?

Back 200

Urine K:>20meq: kidneys waisting K
Stratifiy by acid base balance

Front 201

Hypokalemia w/ metabolic acidois

Back 201

RTA

Front 202

Hypokalemia w/ metabolic alkalosis

Back 202

Hyperaldosteronism
Cushings
diurection
NG sucton

Front 203

Urine K<20

Back 203

Non-renal source: trancellular shifts
GI losses

Front 204

Complications of primary billary cirrosis?

Back 204

Malabsortion of fat soluable vitamins:
Vit D: check for osteoporosis

Front 205

When is resolution of H-pylori tested

Back 205

4 weeks

Front 206

Triple therapy for H-pylori

Back 206

PPI, amoxicillin, clarthyromycin
(can substitute metro if allergy to PNC)

Front 207

Quadrable therapy

Back 207

PPI, bismuth, tetracycline, metro
Use if initial treatment failure

Front 208

Associated malignancies in familial ademonas polps

Back 208

Gastric and duodenal adenomas
Do upper endoscopy screen.

Front 209

first-step in management pt w/ chronic diarrhea

Back 209

Microscopic examination for stool

Front 210

Sulfasalazine, 5-ASA

Back 210

can cause acute pancreatitis

Front 211

DDX: begin proteinuria

Back 211

)Pulmonary edema, CHF, VA, orthostatic protinuria

Front 212

1/3 of cases of nephrotic syndrome are caused by

Back 212

Amylodosis
DM
SLE

Front 213

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (patient profile)

Back 213

Idiopathic, IVDU, HIV

Front 214

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (Hx & PE)

Back 214

young black man w/ uncontrolled HTN

Front 215

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (labs)

Back 215

microscopic hematuria
biospy shows sclerosis in capillary tuffs

Front 216

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (rx)

Back 216

prednisone, cytotoxic therapy

Front 217

Most common adult nephropathy

Back 217

Membranous nephropathy

Front 218

Membranous nephropathy (hx & PE

Back 218

ass w/ HB, sphilis, malaria

Front 219

Membranous nephropathy( labs)

Back 219

spike and done appearnce

Front 220

Membranous nephropathy (rx)

Back 220

prednisone and cytotoxic therapy for sever disease

Front 221

Diabetic nepropathy (histology)

Back 221

inc mesangial matrix

Front 222

Membrano-proliferative nephropahty (hx and physical)

Back 222

slow progression to renal failure

Front 223

Membrano-proliferative nephropahty (histology)

Back 223

tram-track double-lyaered basement membrane
decreased CS

Front 224

diet for patient w/ calcium renal stones

Back 224

nl calcium diet
low protein

Front 225

First step in management
Hyperosmolar coma

Back 225

Fluid resusitate
These pt have a total potassium decificent 2/2 lack of insulin

Front 226

Rx: scleroderma renal crisishttp://www.flashcardexchange.com/mycards/add/1993314

Back 226

Nitropruside + captopril

Front 227

Normal serum bicarb

Back 227

21-28

Front 228

rx: hepatorenal syndrome

Back 228

miloride + octride + albumin

Front 229

three d of urtheral diverticula

Back 229

post void Dribbiling
Dysuria
Dysparunia

Front 230

K effect on GI track

Back 230

Hypo K: ileus
Hyper: colic

Front 231

CHIMPANZEES

Back 231

Calcium supplimentation
Hyperparathyrodisim
Immobility
Milk-alki syndrome
Paget's disease
Addisons/acromegaly
Zollinger
Excess vit A
Excess vit D
Sarcoidosis

Front 232

Corrected calcium

Back 232

for every 1 deviation of albumin substract 1 from CA

Front 233

Categorize the types of intrinisic renal failures

Back 233

Interstitial
Glomerular
Tubular
Vascular

Front 234

AEIOU

Back 234

Acidosis
Electrolytes
Ingestion
Overload
Uremic

Front 235

Work-up hematuria

Back 235

Repeat UA
Treat any obvious infection-repeat UA
Check PPT, PT, plales

IF above -: look for upper tract problems
if -: cystoscope for lower tract
if - renal angiogram

Front 236

Define proteinuria

Back 236

>150g/d

Front 237

Nephrotic syndrome

Back 237

>3.5

Front 238

imagining test of choice for urthreal diverticula

Back 238

transvaginal U/S

Front 239

Stage I renal cell carcimona

Back 239

Confined within renal capsule- partial nephrectom

Front 240

Stage II renal cell carcinoma

Back 240

Extensive beyond capsule but not into fascia

Front 241

screening test of choice for screening asymptomatic relatives of APKD

Back 241

U/S

Front 242

test of choice for renal artery stenosis

Back 242

MR angiography

Front 243

DDX: Hepatic encelopathy

Back 243

GI bleeding
Hypokalemia
Hypovolemia
Hypoxia
Sedatives/trans
Hypoglycemai
Metabolic alkosis
Infectious (include SBP)

Front 244

Rx: ureteral stone w/ sepsis

Back 244

Fluids, abx, nephrostomy

Front 245

Leriche disease

Back 245

impotence, muscular, buttock claudation

Front 246

When should prostate biospy be taken?

Back 246

PSA>4
Prostate nodules or asymetry

Front 247

Common problem after Turp

Back 247

Retrograde ejactulation

Front 248

Hypo calcemia vs hyper magnesia

Back 248

HypOcalcemia causes hypERreflexia
HYperMagnesiam causes Hyporeflexia

Front 249

PCA stroke

Back 249

homonymous hemianopsia w/ macular sparing

Front 250

Open angle glaucoma

Back 250

African american with loss of perpheral vision

Front 251

Lucunar stroke

Back 251

Clumy hand-dyarthria syndrome
Pure motor or sensory deficiet

Front 252

After how many hours can TPA be given for Basilar artery strokes?

Back 252

6hours

Front 253

Antibiotic associated w/ seizure

Back 253

Flouroquinolones

Front 254

Vertical nyastagums

Back 254

Seen only w/ a central cause

Front 255

Rotation nystagmus

Back 255

Seen with perpheral causes

Front 256

Brain stem lesions

Back 256

Affect cranial nerves
Sensory loss on one side of the face and contralateral body

Front 257

contral lateral paralysis of the arm and leg, contralater loss of tactile, vibratory, and position , tongue deviation to the affected side

Back 257

medial medullary syndrome

Front 258

Central midbrain lesions

Back 258

abnormalities of CNIII

Front 259

Side-effect Carbaazepine

Back 259

neutrapenia

Front 260

best prognosis in MS

Back 260

sensory or cranial n involvment

Front 261

How high should PB be allowed to go in stroke?

Back 261

220/120

Front 262

Best drug to give in opiate withdrawl

Back 262

Clonidine

Front 263

Damage to the dominate parietal lobe (Gerstaman syndrome)

Back 263

acaluia,
Finger agnosia
Agraphia

Front 264

Damage to Nondominant parietal lobe

Back 264

Contruction apraxia: can't draw shapes when asked to copy
Dressing apraxia

Front 265

Dominate temporal lesion

Back 265

Homonynomous temporal anosia impaired perception of sounds

Front 266

Dominat temporal lobe lesions

Back 266

Always have aphasia

Front 267

MMSE=dementia

Back 267

<20

Front 268

Lewy body Dementia

Back 268

Need 2/3 : cognative flucuations
visual hallucinations
Parkinsoniam
Look for prominate flucations in symptoms

Front 269

Best screening test for sarcoidosis

Back 269

CXR: 90% have hilar adenopathy

Front 270

Acceptable places to biospy sarcoid?

Back 270

any palpable lymphnodes
Subcutaneous nodules, except erythema nodosa
Enlarged parotid
Lacrimal gland

Front 271

Associated w/ diabetes insipidous

Back 271

Craniopharyngiomas