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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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HLA-B27 is associated with what disease? |
ankylosing spodylitis |
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HLA-B51 goes with what disease? |
Bechets disease |
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HLA-DR3 and DR4 go with what disease? |
diabetes type I |
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a tender, diffusely enlarged thyroid is likely what? best treatment? |
subacute thyroiditis
NSAIDs |
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what presents with signs/symptoms similar to shock (fever, hypotension) also with polydipsia, GI symptoms, weight loss, dehydration and hyperpigmentation in palmar creases and other areas of the body? |
addisonian crisis |
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iron and calcium are absorbed where? |
duodenum |
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hypocalcemia presents as how? |
perioral numbness, muscle cramps and seizures if severe |
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what should be checked prior to starting metformin in a new diabetic? |
creatanine and UA for kidney function |
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syndrome associated with hypercalcemia due to taking a bunch of calcium?
what population is it often seen in? |
milk-alkali syndrome (Burnett's syndrome)
female patients being treated with Ca supplementation for osteoporosis |
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what can untreated milk-alkali syndrome lead to? |
acute renal failure |
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level of what should be checked prior treatment for hypercalcemia?
why? |
PTH
levels will be supressed initially, but with treatment and subsequent hypocalcemia PTH will rise and if measured after initiation of treatment levels will be unpredictable and results confusing |
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what is the most common cause of hypercortisolism (cushing's syndrome)?
what disease can this occur in secondary to treatment for it? |
iatrogenic
COPD and also asthma due to excessive corticosteroid administration |
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middle aged lady with history of multiple fractures in the past with x-ray that shows increased bone density...likely disease? |
osteopetrosis |
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type 2 diabetic presenting with polyuria, polydipsia, mental status change and lethargy....disease process and usual glucose number? |
hyperosmolar coma
glucose levels usually greater than 600 |
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what is the fluid regimen when treating hyperosmolar coma? |
start with NS...when BP and HR are normalized switch to half NS...when serum glucose reaches 250 add dextrose to IV fluid |
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what are the "I's" that cause DKA? |
Insulin deficiency (failure to take) Infections (pneumonia, UTI) Inflammation (pancreatitis, choleycystitis) Ischemia/Infarct Intoxication (alcohol or drugs) Iatrogenesis (glucocorticoids, thiazides) |
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look up MEN stuff |
just do it |
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values for Conns syndrome (primary hyperaldosteronism)? BP, K, Na, renin, alkalosis or acidosis? |
HTN, HYPO-K, HYPER-Na, low renin, metabolic alkalosis |
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treatment for a myxedema coma? medication wise |
IV triiodothyronine or thyroxine (T4) plus IV hydrocortisone |
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HgA1c greater than what calls for insulin? |
10% |
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Ab binding to membrane protein, as in graves disease, is what type of hypersensitivity? |
Type II
Ab binding to TSH receptor |
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onycholysis (Plummer nails) can be seen in what endocrine problem |
thyrotoxicosis |
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what is the diagnostic test of choice for adrenal insufficiency? |
ACTH stimulation test, along with cortisol levels |
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best initial test with hypercortisolism |
24-hour urine cortisol |
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what is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in juvenile and adult females? |
hashimotos thyroiditis (autoimmune thyroiditis) |
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other than hyperkalemia and hyponatremia what other lab abnormalities can occur with adrenal insufficiency? |
hypoglycemia and neutropenia
glucocorticoids increase glucose and white cell levels |
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what other autoimmune disease does diabetes share HLA-DR3 and DR4 with? |
autoimmune hepatitis |
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what hours of the day are plasma cortisol levels the highest? |
between 6-8am |
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smoking and what type of lung cancer go hand in hand? what could this cancer be secreting that is causing him to get fat? |
small cell cancer
ACTH |
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if bisphosphonates are not tolerated what can be given for osteoporosis? |
calcitonin |
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most common type of thyroid cancer? |
papillary thyroid carcinoma |
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what are the "P's" of papillary thyroid carcinoma? |
Popular (most common) Papillae Pupil nuclei (orphan annie nuclei) Psammoma bodies Positive Prognosis |
