Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
what disease presents in part with ophthalmoplegia and pretibial myxedema?
|
Graves' disease
|
|
|
what endocrine check should you do when patient present with new-onset AFib?
|
TSH level
|
|
|
what is struma ovarii?
|
an ovarian teratoma that secretes thyroid hormone
|
|
|
most common cause of hyperthyroidism?
|
Graves' disease
|
|
|
what is a common cause of hyperthyroidism in elderly pts?
|
toxic multinodular goiter
individual lumps, not a diffusely enlarged gland |
|
|
viral infx with tender, painful thyroid gland is called...?
|
subacute thyroiditis
|
|
|
classic lab pattern of hyperthyroidism?
|
low TSH (unless TSH-secreting tumor)
T3 and T4 are increased |
|
|
how do you treat hyperthyroidism?
|
propylthiouracil (PTU) and methimazole/carbimazole used as suppressive agents
|
|
|
what drug is used to treat a pt in 'thyroid storm' (ie. severe hyperthyroid state)?
|
beta-blockers
|
|
|
what is typical curative tx for hyperthyroidism? in pregnant pts?
|
radioactive iodine ablation of the gland
surgery in pregnant pts |
|
|
what is typical side effect of hyperthyroidism treatments? what is done?
|
hypothyroidism
thyroid hormone replacement |
|
|
what is the most common cause of hypothyroidism? most common type of patient?
|
Hashimoto's thyroiditis
women of reproductive age outnumber men 8:1 |
|
|
non-tender goiter, lymphocytes in thyroid gland, antithyroid and antimicrosomal antibodies. hypothyroid. disease?
|
Hashimoto's thyroiditis
|
|
|
lab findings in hypothyroidism?
|
high TSH (unless due to 2* issues); low T3, low T4; hypercholesterolemia
|
|
|
what lab findings are particular to Hashimoto's thyroiditis?
|
antithyroid and antimicrosomal antibodies
|
|
|
why is it better to measure free T4 than total T4?
|
free T4 measures the active form of thyroid hormone; many conditions cause changes in the amount of thyroid-binding globulin, which change total values in the absence of hypo- or hyperthyroidism
|
|
|
how is hypothyroidism treated?
|
T4
NOT T3 |
|
|
what is euthyroid sick syndrome?
|
a pt with any illness may present with derangements in TFT's that resemble hypothyroidism
|
|
|
what are typical sx of pts with Cushing's syndrome? (increased corticosteroids)
|
wt gain, easy bruising, acne, hirsutism, emotional lability, depression, psychosis, weakness, memory loss
|
|
|
what causes Cushing's syndrome (top 2 causes)?
|
1. iatrogenic causes due to ubiquitous prescription of steroids
2. Cushing's disease (pituitary adenoma that secretes adrenocorticotropic hormone) |
|
|
is Cushing's disease more common in men or women?
|
Women of reproductive age outnumber men 5:1
|
|
|
how do you diagnose Cushing's syndrome?
|
1. 24hr measurement of free cortisol in urine (look for abnormal elevation)
or 2. dexamethasone suppression test (cortisol levels aren't appropriately suppressed several hours after administration of dexamethasone) |
|
|
what is hirsutism?
|
male hair growth pattern in women or pre-pubescent children
|
|
|
what is most common cause of hirsutism? what causes are important for boards?
|
familial, genetic, or idiopathic hirsutism
Step 2: polycystic ovary syndrome, Cushing's syndrome, drugs |
|
|
what 3 drugs cause hirsutism?
|
minoxidil
phenytoin cyclosporine |
|
|
what is another name for polycystic ovary syndrome?
|
Stein-Levinthal syndrome
|
|
|
what do you think about in a pt presenting with both hirsutism AND virilization?
|
androgen-secreting ovarian tumor: Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor or arrhenoblastoma
|
