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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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most common cause of hypothyroidism
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Hashimoto's thyroiditis
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lab findings in Hashimoto's thyroiditis
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hi TSH
low T4 anti-microsomal antibodies |
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exophthalmos, pretibial myxedema and low TSH
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Graves' disease
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most common cause of Cushing's syndrome
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iatrogenic steroid administration; second most common is Cushing's Disease
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pt presents with signs of hypocalcemia, high phosphorous and low PTH
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hypoparathyroidism
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'stones, bones, groans, psychiatric overtones'
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signs and sx of hypercalcemia
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pt complains of HA, weakness, and polyuria; exam reveals HTN and tetany. labs reveal hypernatremia, hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis. dx and 2 possible underlying diseases?
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primary hyperaldosteronism (due to Conn's syndrome or bilateral adrenal hyperplasia)
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pt presents with tachycardia, wild swings in BP, HA, diaphoresis, altered MS, sense of panic
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pheochromocytoma
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should alpha- or beta-antagonists be used first in tx pheochromocytoma? name 2.
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alpha-antagonists (phentolamine and phenoxybenzamine)
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pt with hx of lithium use presents with lots of dilute urine
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nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (DI)
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tx of central DI
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administer DDAVP (to decrease serum osmolality) and free water restriction
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a postop pt w/ significant pain presents with hyponatremia and nl volume status
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SIADH due to stress
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anti-diabetic agent associated w/ lactic acidosis
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metformin
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pt presents w/ weakness, nausea, vomiting, wt loss, and new skin pigmentation. labs show hyponatremia and hyperkalemia. dx and tx?
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primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease). tx w/ replacement glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and IV fluids
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goal hemoglobin A1c for a pt w/ DM?
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< 7.0
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tx of DKA
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fluids, insulin, and aggressive replacement of lytes (eg. K+)
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why are beta-blockers contra-I in diabetics?
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can mask sx of hypoglycemia
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