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114 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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thrombocytopenia
increased PT, PTT thrombin time fibrin degradation products |
DIC
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vWF increases?
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PTT
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vitamin K affects
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PT >> PTT
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infant chokes on first feeding
coughs regurgitates excessive salivation abnormal distention rattling breath sounds |
esophageal atresia
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infant with noisy breathing in first few weeks of life
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vascular ring anomaly
(trachea and esophagus circled by aortic arch) |
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unilateral congestion and rhinorrhea
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choanal atresia
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bilious vomiting not associated with first feeding
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duodenal atresia
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double bubble sign
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duodenal atresia
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asymptomatic 2 y/o boy with maroon stool/rectal bleed
dx? |
meckels
technetium scan |
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pain in anatomical snuff box
risk? tx? |
scaphoid fracture
avascular necrosis thumb spica cast repeat xray in 2-3 weeks |
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suspected bowel obstruction on XR
next step |
IV fluids
NPO tube to decompress stomach prep for surgery |
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anchovy paste-like aspirage from liver
tx |
amebiasis
metronidazole "Anchovy Ameba" |
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irregularly irregular HR with some tachy
tx |
a fib
coumadin |
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bias that results from loss to follow up
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selection bias
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test for addisons
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cosyntropin stim test
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test for cushings
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24 hour urine free cortisol
low dose dex suppreion |
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tx for addisons
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hydrocorisone
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histo location
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mississippi and Ohio rivers
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pulsating abdominal mass
next step if pain if no pain |
straight to OR
abd u/s |
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painful erythematous nodules on shins in young patient with bloody diarrhea
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erythema nodosum associated with UC
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suspected bowel obstruction on XR
next step |
IV fluids
NPO tube to decompress stomach prep for surgery |
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anchovy paste-like aspirage from liver
tx |
amebiasis
metronidazole "Anchovy Ameba" |
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irregularly irregular HR with some tachy
tx |
a fib
coumadin |
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bias that results from loss to follow up
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selection bias
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test for addisons
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cosyntropin stim test
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test for cushings
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24 hour urine free cortisol
low dose dex suppreion |
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tx for addisons
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hydrocorisone
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histo location
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mississippi and Ohio rivers
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pulsating abdominal mass
next step if pain if no pain |
straight to OR
abd u/s |
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painful erythematous nodules on shins in young patient with bloody diarrhea
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erythema nodosum associated with UC
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high serum osmolality
low urine osmolality |
diabetes insipidus
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low serum osmolaltiy
high urine osmolality |
SIADH
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low serum and urine osmolality
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primary polydipsia
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rx that can cause hearing loss
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furosemide
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electroly abnormality with HCTZ
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hper Ca
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hypo Ca
calcium oxxalate in kdinesy ARF aniona gap tx |
ethylene glycol poison
1) foemepizole or theanol to block ADH 2) sodium bicarb to alleviate acidosis 3) hemodialysis |
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side effect of increased blood pressure with the antidepressants
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NSRIs
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side effect of orthostatics with these psych meds
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TCAs
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HBsAg
HBeAg anti HBcAg high HBV titre increased alt tx? |
chronic HBV
interferon or lamivudine |
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child with gait disurbance
pes cavus ataxia absent ankle jerks |
Friedreichs ataxia
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proximal and distal hypotonia since birth
tongeu ffibrillations otherwise normal |
Werdnig-Hoffman
"weird tongue" |
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HIV d/o with oocysts in stool
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crypto
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massive BPBPR with no other findings
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diverticulosis
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hypothyroid type sx
Rx responsible? |
amiodarone
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rx that causes
salt retention reflex tachy lupus like syndrome |
hydralazine
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drug that causes
impotence brady AV node block |
metoprolol
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drug that cuases
constipation dizziness flushing |
verapamil
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drug that causes:
hyper K cough decreased GFR angiodema |
ACE
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drug that causes:
nausea/v/d blurry yellow vision arrhythmia |
digoxin
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most common congenital heart defect
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VSD (L to R)
viele vsd |
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neonatal conjunctivitis
5-15 days after birth 2-3 days after |
chlamydia
gonococcal g before c ga ga before child |
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neonate
closed fists (overlapping digits) rocker bottom fee microcephaly |
trisomy 18, edwards
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cleft lip
flexed fingers with polydactyly bulbous nose, low set malformed ears |
trisomy 13, patau
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cyst caused by echinococcus
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hydatid
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nausea
warmth and then passing out |
vasovagal
= neurocardiogenic syncope |
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fainting with no signs
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conduction disorders
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syncope during activity
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AS
Activitity yelds Syncope |
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ruby colored papules on lips that partially blanche
digital clubbing nose bleeds recurrent AVMS |
Osler Weber Rendu
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increase of all blood cell lines and spleenomegaly
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polycythemia
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drugs that cause interstitial nephritis
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cephalosporins
penicillins sulfonamides nsAIDS rifampin penytoin allopurinol |
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dusty malar rash
purple periorbital edema proximal muscle weakness associated with? |
dermatomyositis
malignancy (ovarian, breast, lung) |
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diseases associated with alveolar hemorrhage
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Goodpastures
Wegeners Polyarteritis Churg Strauss Behcet Antiphospholipid |
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1st renal abnormality in diabetics
what can first be quantified |
glomerular hyperfiltration
BM thickening |
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defective mineralization of
bone? cartilage? |
vitamin D deficiency
rickets (by vit D deficiency, in kids only) |
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disordered skeletal remodeling
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Pagets
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defective collagen formation
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osteogenesis imperfecta
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low bone mass, nomrally mineralized
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osteoporosis
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best med to relieve dyspena from LF failure and associated pulmonary edema
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Nitro
Nitro let's you blo when your EF's lo |
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decreased sensation over 4th adn 5th digits
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ulnar nerve from resting elbows on tables
= ulnar nerve entrapment |
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firm hepatomegaly
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malignancy
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where colon cancer mets to
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liver
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how to figure out if a pleural efusion is exudative vs transudative
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Lights' criteria
Effusion/serum 1) effusion total protein >0.5 = exudate 2) effusion LDH >0.6, LDH >200 3) effusion LDH >2/3 normal serum |
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how to figure out if an effusion is complicated
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+ gram stain
+ culture pH <7.2 glucose <60 requires chest tube drainage |
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exudate or transudate
pleural effusion from pna" from heart failure? |
exudate
transudate |
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bilateral or unilateral?
effusions from heart failure drug induced lupus |
bilateral
unilateral |
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complicated or uncomplicated
effusions from pna lupus |
complicated
uncomplicated |
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megacolo/mega esophagus
cardiac disease |
Chagas
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N/V from
rice meats/poultry/ antibiotics |
bacillus
clostridium perfringens clostridium difficile |
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pharyngitis
fever sandpaper-like erythematous rash maybe followed by fine despquamation |
scarlet fever
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slapped cheeks
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erythema infectiosum
= Fifth disease |
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no prodrome except
high grade fever maculopapular rash trunk to periphery |
roseola
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back pain
homocytic anemia increased Ca renal failure increased serum protein, normal albumen increased ESR |
MM
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what cuases M spike
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IgG by abnormal plasma cells
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why aren't mm lesions seen on bone scan
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no new bone formation
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how to detect MM on bones
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xray
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why is hemoglobin increased in sleep apnea
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increased EPO production 2/2 hypoxemia
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vasculitis
upper and lower airway granulomas leading to epistaxis rhinorrhea otitis sinusitis skin lesions glomerulonephritis cANCA CRP RBC casts |
Wegeners
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prinzmetal angina
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transient ST elevations
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kid talks at home but not at school
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selective mutism
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ocular problem with axillary freckling
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optic glioma
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retinal hamartoma
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tuberous sclerosis
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bitermporal hemianopsia
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pituitary adenoma
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lupus pt with postop N/V, abd pain
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adrenal insufficienc from steroids given pre of
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fever soon after operation
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atalectasis
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type of fluid to gie in severe hypovolemic hyper Natremia
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Ringers .9%!! Na
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type of hyperbili in hereditary spherocytosis
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unconjugated
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elongated RBCs
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hereditary elliptocytosis
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+ coombs
transient anemia for 3-6 mos nin child 2-12 years infection leads to spherocytosis, polychromasia what if Cooms were neg |
autoimmune hemolytic anemia
then isoimmune hemolytic anemia |
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what happens to BUN and Cr in pregnancy
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decreased as plasma flow and GFR increase
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palpable popliteal mass
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Baker's cyst (Rheum arthritis)
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subcutaneous nodules on extensor surfaces of forearm
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RA
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DIP/PIP involvement
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OA
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pain at tibial tuberosity
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enthesitis
spondyloarthropathies, eg. ankylosing spondylitis |
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kid
sore throat jerky movements subcutaneous nodules pericardial friction rub joint pain bug tx |
rheumatic fever
group a strep benzathine penicillin G |
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paramyxovirus
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mumps
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causes of SIADH
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NSAIDS
small cell |
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hypotonic hyponatremia with hypovolemia
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mineralcorticoid deficiency
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young kid
sudden chronic hip/knee pain antalgic gait |
legg-calve-perthes
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obese adolescent male with knee pain and antalgic gait
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slipped cap femoraal epiphysis
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pus with yellow granules
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actinomyces
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leading cause of otitis media
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H flu
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spontaneous hemarthrosis
first step |
r/o factor VIII deficiency
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first step after recognizing pagets
rx? |
non
just assess which bones affected. you ned a reason to treat when you do treat, it's bisphosphanates |
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associated with enthesitis
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HLA b27 associated arthropathies
anklyosing spondylitis psoriatic arthritis reactive arthritis |
