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137 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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heart rx that can cause throbbing headaches
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nitrates
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down sloping ST but no ischemia
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digoxin effect
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EKG effect of digoxin
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down sloping STs in most leads
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EKG effect of ischema
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ST depressions
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EKG effect of hpokalemia
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U waves
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EKG effect of RVH
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tall Rs in V1 V2
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EKG effect of multifocal atrial tachycardia
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tachy
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2 measures that decrease ortality in COPD
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Home 02
smoking cessation |
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accident pt receives fluids
FAST (-) peritoneallavage (-) hemodynamically unstable next step |
angiogram to find and maybe fix bleed
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pt had MI
recovered leg went cold and pulseless treated next step |
echo to look for thrombus in heart
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dilated segments of bronchi
etiologies? diagnosis method? |
bronchiectasis
cause is CF, TB, recurrent pna, smoking CT |
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cause of death in child with meningitis who develops
sepsis petechial and purpuric lesions hypotension (sudden vascular collapse) |
Waterhouse Friederichsen/adrenal hemorrhage
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decreased sodium
increased K what about H? aldosterone? acid base status? |
addison's disease
H increased aldosterone decreased normal anion gap metabolic acidosis |
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non anion gap
hyperkalemic hyponatremic metabolic acidosis |
Addisons
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abx for cat bite
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augmentin
(same as for human or dog) |
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sinus brady
symptomatic first step next step |
IV atropine
transcutaneous pacing and determine cause |
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rx that risk of post op MI decreases with
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metoprolol
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microencephaly
clefts digital hypoplasia hirsuitism |
phenytoin
or carbamazepine exposure |
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perianal fistula most common in
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crohns
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UC pt with increased alk phos
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primary sclerosing cholangitis
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preterm
pneumatosis intestinalis |
necrotizing enterocolitis
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esophageal varices rupturing
leading to massive blood loss first two steps? |
1) 2 large bore needles
2) octreotide, somatostatin or ?? to stop bleed |
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HTN
bilateral flank masses microhematuria complications? |
polycystic kidney
berry aneurysm hepatic cysts |
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reversible restrictive cardiomyopathy
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hemochromatosis
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symetric thickening of ventricles
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restrictive cardiomyopathy
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signs of R and L sided heart failure
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restrictive cardiomyopathy
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renin levels in hyperaldo?
why? |
decreased
feedback from aldosterone represses |
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HTN
mild hypernatremia hypokalemia |
Conn's
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what is action of aldo
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increased Na reabsorbtion in distal tubule
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concern about liver a. First test?
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AFP
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7 year old female
fever for 6 days red eyes injected pharynx erythematous palm LAD |
Kawasaki
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sore throat
pseudomembranes |
corynebacterium infection
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rx for appetite in cachexia
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progestin
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complication of mono
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hemolytic anemia
(coombs +, Anti I abs) thrombocytopenia |
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posterior cervical lymph nodes
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mono
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infection leading to dilated cardiomyopathy
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corynebacterium infection
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meconium ileus vs meconium plug
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ileus = CF
plug = others |
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steatorrhea
foul smelling postprandial epigastric pain |
chronic pancreatitis
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fatty stools
foul smelling difficult to flush |
fat malabsorption
pancreas? |
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fainting on strong emotion
dx? |
vasovagal syncope
tilt table |
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results of a test are 200, 190, 184
characterize |
not reliable
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most common kidney stones
cause? |
calcium oxalate
fat malabsorption |
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calcium phosphate stones
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primary hyper PTH
RTA |
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stones in acidic urine
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uric acid
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stones in alkaline urine
secondary to |
struvits stones
2/2 protease infection |
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panic disorder is associated with
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depression
agoraphobia gad substance use |
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rhomboid shaped crystals
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calcium pyro (pseudo)
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needle shaped crystials
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uric acid
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positive birefringent
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calcium (pseudo)
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negative birefringence
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gout
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coffin lid shaped
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struvite (UTI, urease)
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what predisposes to pseudo gout
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increased PTH
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flattening of diaphragm results from
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increased work of breathing
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ldl levels for rx tx with CAD
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100-130
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ldl levels for diet/med tx with >2 RF for hear disease
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130
160 |
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ldl levels for diet/med tx with >1 RF for heard disease
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160
190 |
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lipid med with mortality benefits
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statin (not ezetimide)
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which lifestyle mod is superior for decreased htn
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weight loss
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best first rx for HTN
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thiazides
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thiazide that doesn't sound like one
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chlorthalidone
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adverse effect of thiazide
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hypercalcemia
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side benefit of thiazides
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decreased kidney stones
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beta blocker side effect
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bronchospasm
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ca blocker side effect
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constipation
CaCon |
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effect of loops on kidney stones? thiazides?
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loops increase; thiazides decrease
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additional htn med for someone with:
CHF migrains diabetes |
metoprolol
Ca channel blocker ACE |
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side effects of hydralazine
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lupus like
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side effects of methyldopa
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liiver disease
memory loss erectile dysfunction coombs + hemolytic anemia |
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problem with reserpine
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depression
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htn rx in bph
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alpha 1 blocker (zosin, tamulosin)
NOT a central alpha 2 agonist (methyldopa, clonidine) |
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minoxidil side effects
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hirsuitism
edema |
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class of methyldopa, clonidine
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alpha 2 agonist
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another compelling indication for nifedipine
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asthma
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hyperkalemia in which meds
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ACE
ARB beta blocker spironolactone |
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alpha 1 blocker side effects
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orthostatics
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HTN meds that are good for osteoporosis
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HCTZ leading to hypercalcemia
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HTN meds that are good for calcium oxalate kidney stones
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HCTZ
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gout med in acute attack
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NOT allopurinol
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HTN med to avoid with gout
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HCTZ
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most common cause of vision loss
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macular degenration
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fuzzy optic cup
no nice distinct boundaries world is fuzzy |
optic neuritis (MS)
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tortuous arteries in eye
tx? |
diabetic retinopathy
laser photocoagulation |
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big dark shadow on eye
tx? |
vitreous hemorrhage
laser photocoagulation |
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pale eye
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retinal detachment
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diastonlic decrescendo murmur
lub chhhh site cause |
AR
LLSB HTN and dilated cardiomyopathy |
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S3 gallop
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fluid overload
CHF |
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most frequent murmur in step 2
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MS
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opening snap leading to diastolic rumble
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MS
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mid systolic click
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MVP
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S4 gallop like train going across tracks
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HTN cardiomyopathy
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hyaline cast shaped like a box. cause?
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prerenal azotemia
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RBC casts
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glomerulohephritis
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envelope shaped crystals
id? cause? how to visualize? |
calcium oxalate
antifreeze woods lamp (fluorescent) |
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muddy brown cast
associated with made of |
ATN
epithelial cells |
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frothy urine
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proteinuria
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deep S in V2 or V1
tall R in V4,5 >35 mm |
LVH
you're tall at 45 and your Life is Very Half |
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RR' all the way below baseline inV1 V2
QRS >120 id? tx? |
RBBB
none RR leads to BB |
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very wide QRS >3 boxes
no R waves in V1 V2 id? next step? tx? |
LBBB
can't rule out ST elevation, so thrombolytics pacemaker |
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bad HTN med causing depression
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reserpine
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Rx for HTN crisis
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IV labetolol
nitroprusside IV enalapril |
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LDH abnormal in what anemia
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pernicious (B12 decreased)
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achlorhydria
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pernicious anemia
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+ schilling
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pernicious anemia
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+ methylmalonyl coA in urine
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pernicious anemia
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anemia with neuro signs
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pernicious anemia
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osmotic fragility test is for?
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hereditary spherocytosis
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sugar water test is for
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PNH
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nodular, painless, rubbery lesion on eyelid
tx? next step? |
chelazion (emeibomian gland)
none, but biopsy to r/o malignancy |
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vaccinations at 4-5 yr visit
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DTAB 5
IPV (polio) 4 MMR 2 Varicella 2 |
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Hfllu vaccine schedule
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4 doses by 15 mos
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pneumo vaccine schedule
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4 doses by 15 months
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Heb B vaccine schedule
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3 doses before 18 mos
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initial tx of carpal tunnel inpregnancy
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wrist splinting
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follow up for CIN1 with low grade abnormalities in 28 year old?
high grade? |
low; repeat in 12 mos
high: excisional diagnositc procedure or close clinical f/u |
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cancer associated with B12 deficiency
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gastric and gastric carcinoid
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most likely complication of vesicoureteral reflux
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renal scarring
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supplementation for breast fed infants
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vitamin D
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calcified lesion above sella
bitemporal hemianopsia |
craniopharyngioma
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vessel involved in inferior wall MI
anterior? |
R coronary or L circumflex
LAD l Anteror d |
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hypovolemic shock in pancreatitis.
cause? |
capillary leak 2/2 release of enzymes
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bleeding in ARF pt
no liver problems plt count normal id? tx? |
platelet dysfunction
DDAVP |
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cause of hypoxia in pts with pna
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VQ mismatch leading to increased Aa gradient
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cause of hypoxia in obstructive lung disease
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alveolar hypoventilation
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large amount of blood in urine micro
ARF |
rhabdo
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glomerulohephritis with low C3
RBC casts 10-20 days after a sickness |
post strep gn
post is later |
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glomerulohephritis with normal C3 less than 5 days after sickness
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IgA nephropathy
A comes later |
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how long for complement to normalize in post strep
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8-12 weeks
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what heart issue is atropine used for
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symptomatic brady
Type Ii/III block |
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diarrhea in advanced AIDS
with eosinophilic intranuclear and basophilic intracytoplamic inclusions |
CMV
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lesion in 75 year old female
on neck slightly pruiritic waxy/stuck on appearance |
seborrheic keratosis
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pearly
rolled border |
basal cell carcinoma
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dry, scaly flat apules with erythematous base
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actinic keratosis
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what's an acrochordon
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skin tag
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skin cancer in burn victims
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SCC (marjolin ulcer)
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acid base d/o in a bulemic/anorexic
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metabolic alkalosis
saline infusion IF urine Cl <20 |
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wedge shaped pulmonary infarct
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hampton's hump 2/2 PE
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cause of AMS
gait instability horizontal nystagmus conjugate gaze palsy decreased reflexes |
thiamine deficiency leading to wernickes
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