Step 2 Factoids D

Front 1

day 3 post kidney transplant
oliguria
leukocytosis
next step?

Back 1

IV steroids to stop rejection

Front 2

indian woman eats corn
diarrhea
dementia
malar type rash

Back 2

pellagra (niacin deficiency)

Front 3

decreased glomerular filtration
signs of liver issues
no shock/proteinuria
responds to IV 1.5 saline

Back 3

hepato renal syndrome

Front 4

cause of hepato renal

Back 4

renal vasoconstriction

Front 5

tx for hepatorenal

Back 5

transplant liver (kidney is fine)

Front 6

tx for afib

Back 6

DC cadioversion

Front 7

tx for ventricular arrhythmia

Back 7

lidocaine

Front 8

irregular RR, absent P, narrow QRS

Back 8

A fib

Front 9

LDL goals for
CHD risk
2+ rf
0-1 rf

Back 9

< 100 >130
<130 >160
<160 >190

Front 10

CHD RF

Back 10

men >45
women >55
HTN
Cigarettes
HDL <40
Fam Hx premature CHD (male <55, femail <65)

Front 11

SAAG method of calculating exudate vs. transudate

Back 11

serum alb - fluid alb

If it's >1 then transudate

Front 12

indication for thyroid testing, seemingly unrelated

Back 12

hyperlipidemia
unexplained decreased sodium
increased CK

Front 13

ARDS patient on a ventilator with respiratory alkalosis. Next step?

Back 13

increase PEEP

Front 14

clasp knife

Back 14

decreased muscle tone after resistance to passive movement

hypertonia

Front 15

Aa gradient calculation

Back 15

PAO2 - PaO2

Front 16

normal Aa

Back 16

<15

Front 17

abnormal Aa

Back 17

>30

Front 18

hypoxanthine guanin phosphoribosy transferase

Back 18

Lesche Nyan
HGPT

Front 19

problem with sulfonylureas

Back 19

wt gain

Front 20

mode of action of sulfonylureas

Back 20

insulin secretagogue

Front 21

mode of action of metformin

Back 21

blocks gluconeogenesis

Front 22

efect of miglitol/acarbose

side effect

Back 22

alpha glucosidase inhibitors that block uptake of sugar in the small bowel

downside is farting

Front 23

bad side effect of pioglitazone

Back 23

CHF

Front 24

diabetes med with SIADH

Back 24

sulfonylureas

Front 25

renal insufficiency is a contraindication to which diabetes rx? why?

Back 25

metformin

lactic acidoses

Front 26

BP target in diabetics

Back 26

130/80

Front 27

LDL target for diabetes

for diabetes and coronary disease

Back 27

<100

<70

Front 28

LDL level in diabetic to start statins

Back 28

130

Front 29

lipid drug counterindicated in DM

Back 29

Niacin (poor glucose control)

Front 30

rx for microalbuminuria

Back 30

ACE

Front 31

focal segmental is associated with

Back 31

injection drug use

Front 32

normal cup to disk ration

Back 32

1/3

Front 33

if cub/disk ration is great, this indicates

Back 33

glaucoma

Front 34

rx for glaucoma

Back 34

pilocarpine
beta blocker

Front 35

tx for retinal artery occlusion

Back 35

aspirin
thrombolytics
push on eye

Front 36

diabetic
bloating
early satiety

next step?

Back 36

reglan and erythromycin

Front 37

diabetic
low bicarb
black stuf on roof of mounth

Back 37

DKA - mucormycosis

Front 38

cavernous sinus thrombosis bug

Back 38

mucormycosis/rhizopus

Front 39

sulfur granules,

Back 39

actinomyces

Front 40

bug in neutropenic pts

Back 40

aspergillus

Front 41

bug from bites of sandlflies

Back 41

leschmaniasis

Front 42

pulmonary and brain infection in immunocompromised

Back 42

nocardia

Front 43

bug from wet areas, river valleys

Back 43

histo

Front 44

rx for mucor

Back 44

amphotericin B

Front 45

rx for aspergillis

Back 45

caspofungin

Front 46

rx for candida

Back 46

fluconazole

Front 47

rx for crypto maintenance

Back 47

fluconazole

Front 48

side effect of ampho

Back 48

RTA
metabolic acidis
decreased bicarb
decreased potassium
increased chloride

Front 49

antifungal causing gynecomastia

Back 49

ketoconazole

Front 50

key steps in response to a mucor infection

Back 50

1) ampho
2) maximum debridement

Front 51

hyperglycemia with normal hgb A1C

Back 51

smogy effect

Front 52

increased JVP on inhalation

Back 52

kussmaul sign

Front 53

why heavy breathing in DKA

Back 53

compensat for metabolic acidosis

Front 54

key lab value for severity of DKA

Back 54

serum bicarb

Front 55

1st step in DKA treatment

Back 55

fluid NS

Front 56

kind of acidosis:
Kussmaul
Carbon monoxide

Back 56

lactic acidosis

Front 57

EKKG findin in DKA

Back 57

peaked T waves

Front 58

Wide QRS, no R waves in V1V2

Back 58

LBB

Front 59

ST segment depression in I, AVL, 4,5,6

Back 59

lateral wall ischemia

Front 60

bicarb level in DKA

Back 60

decreased

Front 61

relationship between Na and glucose in dKA

Back 61

Glu up 100 for every Na down 1.6

Front 62

Why does BP go down in DKA

Back 62

osmotic diuresis. Sugar goes out and takes fluid with it

Front 63

bad side effect of fluid resuscitation in DKA from correcting sugars too rapidly

Back 63

seizure

Front 64

bad side effect of fluid resuscitatio in DKA from correcting salt too rapidly

Back 64

seizure from sodium

Front 65

cause of rhabdo by electorly abonormality

Back 65

quickly down K and free water
myocytes angry

Front 66

most common site for hemorrhagic stroke

Back 66

putamen

Front 67

gaze drifting away from paralytic side

Back 67

putamen stroke

Front 68

what part of the putamen leads to hemiparesis

Back 68

internal capsule

Front 69

man from Ohio with warty, heaped up skin lesions with a violaceous hue and sharply demarcated border

Back 69

blasto

Front 70

skin lesions and an asymptomating lung primary infection

Back 70

blasto

Front 71

acute pna which presents as cough, fever, malaise, from southeaster us

Back 71

Histo

Front 72

Pulmonary infection with erythema nodosum, SW

Back 72

cocco

Front 73

electrolyte change with furosemide

Back 73

K down
mg down

Front 74

cause of hearing loss in HIV

Back 74

noninfectious effusion 2/2 HIV LAD

Front 75

mechanism of HT

Back 75

antibodies vs heparin platelet factor 4 complex

Front 76

how to evaluate liver damage in acute hepatitis

chronic hepatitis?

Back 76

LFTs

biopsy

Front 77

tx for pericardities in patient with ARF

Back 77

dialysis

Front 78

chronic malabsorptive diarrhea
wt loss,
migratory non-deforming arthritis
lymphadenopathy
low grade fever

Back 78

whipples disease

Front 79

PAS + macrophages with non-acid-fast gram + bacilli

Back 79

Whipples

Front 80

what are patients with nephrotic syndrome at risk for?

Back 80

atherosclerosis

Front 81

hyponatremia and dehydration in neonate

Back 81

CAH/21 hydroxylas deficiency

Front 82

mechanism for globes pushed outward in graves

Back 82

preorbital lymphocytic infiltration

Front 83

gram positive, branching bacterin in neck

tx?

Back 83

Actinomyces

high dose penicillin 6-12wks

Front 84

needl shaped crustals in urine sediment

Back 84

uric acid stones

Front 85

rx for UTI in pregnancy

Back 85

nitrofurantoin

Front 86

no breast developmetn or menstruation

next two steps?

Back 86

FSH.

if low, GnRH stim test
if high, Karyotype

Front 87

menopausal woman with dysuria and increased frequency

Back 87

likely due to decreased estrogen

Front 88

selenium deficiency leads to

Back 88

cardiomyopathy

Front 89

zinc deficiency

Back 89

alopecia
skin lesions
abnormal taste
imparied wound healing

Front 90

SLE patient with a positie RPR

Back 90

not necessarily syphillis

Front 91

most common cause of neonatal sepsis/meningitis

Back 91

strep B

Front 92

3rd most common cause of neonatal sepsis/meningitis

Back 92

listeria

"its down on the LIST"

Front 93

mammo recommendations

Back 93

1/2yrs until 75

Front 94

epigastric pain relieved by eating

Back 94

duodenal ulcer

Front 95

likely cause of duodenal ulcer disease

Back 95

h pylori

Front 96

classic indications for AS

Back 96

syncope
angina
dyspnea

SAD

Front 97

tx for AS with syncope

Back 97

valve replacement

Front 98

how to eval for suspected diverticulitis

Back 98

CT

Front 99

protein at fault inhereditary spherocytosis

Back 99

spectrin

Front 100

gallstones associated with hereditary spherocytosis

Back 100

pigmented

(calcium bilirubinate)

Front 101

bilirubin in urine

Back 101

conjugated

Front 102

bilirubinemia in hemolytic anemia

Back 102

unconjugated

Front 103

bilirubin type in thalassemia

Back 103

unconjugated

Front 104

bilirubin type in Gilberts

Back 104

unconjugated

Front 105

bilirubin type in PNH

Back 105

unconjugated

Front 106

bilirubin type in Rotors

Back 106

conjugated

Front 107

dull, aching fullness of scrotum
soft swelling
not transilluminating
swelling increases with valsalva
bag of worms

what is the part involved

Back 107

varicocele

(dilation of pampiniform plexus)

Front 108

cause of varicocele

Back 108

incompetent valves in testicular vein

Front 109

NE US tick causing hemolysis

Back 109

babesia, a parasite transmited by the idoxes tic

Front 110

RMSF that is spotless. bug?

Back 110

ehrlichiosis

Front 111

diverticulosis leads to bleeding.

next step

Back 111

labelled erythrocyte scintigraph to ID site of bleed

Technetium 99

Front 112

bluish white lesions that look like table salt crystals on an erythematous bucal mucous membrane

Back 112

koplik spots in measles

Front 113

childhood disease that can present with proteinuria

Back 113

measles

Front 114

erythema infectiosum

Back 114

5th disease (B19)

Front 115

fever more than 5 days
cutaneous and lymph node changes

Back 115

kawasaki

Front 116

strawberry tongue
desquamation

Back 116

kawasaki or scartlet fever

Front 117

fever 3-4 days then a face sparing rash

Back 117

6th disease = roseola

Front 118

mild fever, malaise, post cervical LAD
3 day rash from face to trunk

Back 118

rubella

Front 119

14 year old boy with epistaxis and congestion of one side of nose
seen to have mass/bone erosion

ID?
tx?
prognosis?

Back 119

juvenile angiofibroma

surgery by specialist

possible recurrence

Front 120

hemosiderin deposits and fibrosis

Back 120

hemophilia

Front 121

rx for human bite

Back 121

amox/clav

Front 122

rx for dog bite

Back 122

amox/clav

Front 123

coveragy by augmentine

Back 123

gram +/-, anaerobes

Front 124

coverage by clinda

Back 124

gram +
anaerobes
no gram -

Front 125

coverage by ampicillin

Back 125

no beta lactamas
may not do anaerobes

Front 126

C3 deposits on GBM

Back 126

membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis