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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Diagnostic criteria for DM
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random >200 + symptoms of DM
Fasting >126 on 2 occasions 2 hrs after 75g glucose >200 |
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lispro, aspart, glulisine
a onset b peak c duration |
a. 10 min
b 1hr c 2-4 hr |
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regular insulin
a onset b peak c duration |
a 30 min
b 2-4hr c 5-8 hr |
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NPH
a onset b peak c duration |
a 2 hr
b 6-10 c 18-24 |
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Glargine
a onset b peak c duration |
a 2 hr
b no peak c 24+ hr |
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Detemir
a onset b peak c duration |
a 2hr
b no peak c 6-24 hr |
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Treatment protocol for DM2
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Start w/metformin
if A1c>7.5 after 2-3 months, add sulfonylurea andor thiazolidinedione If signs fo decreased insulin prodn or A1c stays above 8.5, add insulin regimen |
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Mnemonic for inciting factors of DKA and HHNK
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PHAT MINDS
Pancreatitis Hot weather Alcohol Trauma MI Insufficient water intake Noncompliance w therapy Drugs Stroke |
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Metformin
a. MOA b. Use c adverse effects |
a.decreases hepatic gluconeogenesis, increases sensitivity to insulin
b. first line c. lactic acidosis, GI disturbance, dec B12 absorption, contraindicated if hepatic or renal insuff |
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Sulfonylureas (tolbutamide, glyburide, glipizide)
a. MOA b. Use c adverse effects |
a. Stimulate insulin release from B cells, reduce glucagon, increase insulin binding to tissue receptors
b first or second line c hypoglycemia, contra if hepatic or renal insuff |
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Thiazolidinediones
a. MOA b. Use c adverse effects |
a decreases hepatic gluconeogenesis, increases tissue uptake of glucose
b adjunct to other drugs c wt gain, LDL up, liver tox |
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a glucosidase inhibitors (acarbose)
a. MOA b. Use c adverse effects |
a decrease GI absorption of starch and disaccs
b monotherapy if good dietary control of DM, adjunct, can be used in DM1 c Diarrhea, flatulance, Gi disturbance |
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Meglitinides (repaglinide, nateglinide)
a. MOA b. Use c adverse effects |
a stimulate insulin release from B islets
b secondary drug with metformin c hypoglycemia, more expensive |
