Step 2 Emergency Med Tables

Front 1

drugs that induce p450 enzymes

Back 1

barbiturates, phenytoin, carbamazepine, rifampin, quinidine and griseofulvin

Front 2

drugs that inhibit p450 enzymes

Back 2

cimetidine, ketoconazole, INH, grapefruit, erythromycin and sulfonamides

Front 3

metabolized by p450 enzymes

Back 3

benzos, amide anesthetics, metoprolol, propranolol, nifedipine, phenytoin, quinidine, theophylline, warfarin and barbiturates

Front 4

increases risk of digoxin toxicity

Back 4

quinidine, cimetidine, amiodarone, calcium channel blockers

Front 5

competes for albumin-binding sites

Back 5

warfarin, ASA, phenytoin

Front 6

causes blood dyscrasias

Back 6

ibuprofen, quinidine, methyldopa, chemo agents

Front 7

causes hemolysis in G6PD-deficient patients

Back 7

sulfonamides, INH, ASA, ibuprofen, nitrofurantoin, primaquine, pyrimethamine, chloramphenicol

Front 8

drugs that cause gynecomastia

Back 8

spironolactone, estrogens, digitalis, cimetidine, chronic etoh use, ketoconazole

Front 9

drugs that cause stevens-johnson syndrome

Back 9

ethosuximide, sulfonamides

Front 10

drugs that cause photosensitivity

Back 10

tetracycline, amiodarone and sulfonamides

Front 11

drugs that cause drug induced SLE

Back 11

procainamide, hydralazine, INH, penicillamine, chlorpromazine, methyldopa and quinidine

Front 12

acetaminophen tox

Back 12

n-acetylcysteine

Front 13

acid/alkali intoxication

Back 13

upper endoscopy to evaluate for stricture

Front 14

anticholinesterases and organophosphate tox

Back 14

give atropine, pralidoxime

Front 15

antimuscarinic/anticholinergic agent tox

Back 15

give physostigmine

Front 16

arsenic, mercury, gold tox

Back 16

succimer, dimercaprol

Front 17

beta blocker tox

Back 17

glucagon

Front 18

barbiturate (phenobarb) tox

Back 18

urine alkalinization, dialysis, activated charcoal

Front 19

benzo tox

Back 19

flumazenil

Front 20

black widow bite tox

Back 20

calcium gluconate, methocarbamol

Front 21

copper, arsenic, lead and gold tox

Back 21

penicillamine

Front 22

cyanide tox

Back 22

amyl nitrate, sodium nitrate, sodium thiosulfate

Front 23

digitalis tox

Back 23

stop digitalis, normalize K, lidocaine (for torsades), anti-digitalis Fab

Front 24

heparin tox

Back 24

protamine sulfate

Front 25

iron salt tox

Back 25

deferoxamine

Front 26

isoniazid tox

Back 26

pyridoxine

Front 27

lead tox

Back 27

succimer, CaEDTA and dimercaprol

Front 28

methanol, ethylene glycol (antifreeze) tox

Back 28

give EtOH, fomepizole, dialysis, calcium gluconate for ethylene glycol

Front 29

methemoglobin tox

Back 29

methylene blue

Front 30

opiod tox

Back 30

naloxone

Front 31

PCP (drug) tox

Back 31

NG suction

Front 32

salicylate tox

Back 32

urine alkalinization, dialysis and activated charcoal

Front 33

TCA tox

Back 33

sodium bicarb for QRS prolongation, diazepam or lorazepam for seizures; cardiac monitor for arrhythmias

Front 34

theophylline tox

Back 34

give activated charcoal

Front 35

tPA, streptokinase tox

Back 35

aminocaproic acid

Front 36

warfarin tox

Back 36

vit K, FFP

Front 37

ACE-I side effects

Back 37

cough, rash, proteinuria, angioedema, taste changes, teratogenic effects

Front 38

adverse of amantadine

Back 38

LIVEDO RETICULARIS, ataxia

Front 39

adverse of aminoglycosides

Back 39

ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity (ATN)

Front 40

adv of amiodarone

Back 40

pulmonary fibrosis, peripheral depositon --> bluish discoloration, arrythmias, hypo/hyperthyroidism, corneal deposition

Front 41

adv of amphotericin

Back 41

fever/chills, nephrotoxicity, bone marrow suppression and anemia

Front 42

adv antipsychotics

Back 42

sedation, acute dystonic reaction, akathisia, parkinsonism, tardive dyskinesia, neuroleptic malignant syndrome

Front 43

adverse of azoles

Back 43

inhibits p450 enzymes

Front 44

adverse of AZT

Back 44

thrombocytopenia, megaloblastic anemia

Front 45

adverse of beta blockers

Back 45

asthma exacerbation, masking of hypoglycemia, impotence, bradycardia, AV block, CHF

Front 46

adverse benzos

Back 46

sedation, dependence, resp depression

Front 47

adverse bile acid resins

Back 47

GI upset, malabsorption of vitamins and meds

Front 48

adv of carbamazepine

Back 48

agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, liver toxicity, induces p450

Front 49

adv chloramphenicol

Back 49

gray baby syndrome, aplastic anemia

Front 50

adv cisplatin

Back 50

nephrotoxicity, acoustic nerve damage

Front 51

adv clonidine

Back 51

dry mouth, severe rebound HA and HTN

Front 52

adv clozapine

Back 52

agranulocytosis

Front 53

adv corticosteroids

Back 53

mania (acute), immunosuppression, bone mineral loss, thinning of skin, easy bruising, myopathy, cataracts

Front 54

cyclophosphamide adverse

Back 54

myelosuppression, hemorrhagic cystitis

Front 55

adv digoxin

Back 55

GI dist, YELLOW VISUAL CHANGES, ARRHYTHMIAS (junctional tachy or SVT)

Front 56

adv ethyl alcohol

Back 56

renal dysfunction

Front 57

adv fluoroquinolones

Back 57

cartilage damage in children, achilles tendon rupture in adults

Front 58

adverse furosemide

Back 58

ototoxicity, hypokalemia, nephritis, gout

Front 59

adv gemfibrozil

Back 59

myositis, reversible increase in LFTs

Front 60

adv halothane

Back 60

heptotoxicity, malignant hyperthermia

Front 61

hydrochlorothiazide adverse

Back 61

hypokalemia, hyponatremia, hyperuricemia, hyperglycemia and hypercalcemia

Front 62

hydralazine adverse

Back 62

drug induced lupus

Front 63

adverse hydroxychloroquine

Back 63

retinopathy

Front 64

INH adverse

Back 64

peripheral neuropathy (prevent with B6), hepatotoxicity, inhibits p450, seizures with overdose, hemolysis in G6PD def peeps

Front 65

methanol adverse

Back 65

blindness

Front 66

methotrexate adverse

Back 66

hepatic fibrosis, pneumonitis, anemia

Front 67

methyldopa adverse

Back 67

+ coombs test, drug induced SLE

Front 68

metronidazole adverse

Back 68

disulfiram rxt, vestibular dysfunction, metallic taste

Front 69

niacin adverse

Back 69

cutaneous flushing

Front 70

nitroglycerin adverse

Back 70

hypotension, tachycardia, HA, tolerance

Front 71

phenytoin adverse

Back 71

nystagmus, diplopia, ataxia, GINGIVAL HYPERPLASIA, hirsutism, teratogenic effects

Front 72

prazosin adverse

Back 72

first dose hypotension

Front 73

propylthiouracil

Back 73

agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia

Front 74

quinidine adverse

Back 74

cinchonism (HA, tinnitus), thrombocytopenia, arrhythmias (torsades de pointes)

Front 75

salicylates adverse

Back 75

RESP ALKALOSIS AND METABOLIC ACIDOSIS

Front 76

SSRIs adverse

Back 76

sexual dysfunction, anxiety, serotonin syn if taken with MAOIs

Front 77

succinylcholine adverse

Back 77

malignant hyperthermia, hyperkalemia

Front 78

TCAs adverse

Back 78

sedation, coma, anticholinergic effects, seizures and arrhythmias

Front 79

tetracyclines adverse

Back 79

tooth discoloration, photosensitivity, Fanconi's syndrome, GI distress

Front 80

trimethoprim adverse

Back 80

megaloblastic anemia, leukopenia, granulocytopenia

Front 81

valproic acid adverse

Back 81

teratogenicity --> neural tube defects, rare fatal hepatotoxicity

Front 82

vancomycin adverse

Back 82

neprhotoxicity, ototoxicity, red man syndrome (histamine release, NOT allergy)

Front 83

vinblastine adverse

Back 83

severe myelosuppression

Front 84

vincristine adverse

Back 84

peripheral neuropathy, paralytic ileus

Front 85

barbiturate withdrawal

Back 85

anxiety, seizures, delirium, tremor; cardiac and resp depression

tx: benzos!

Front 86

benzo withdrawal

Back 86

rebound anxiety, seizures, tremor, insomnia

tx: benzos, monitor for DTs

Front 87

cocaine/amphetamine withdrawal

Back 87

depression, hyperphagia, hypersomnolence

tx: supportive, avoid pure beta-blockers (could make way for unopposed alpha activity causing hypertension)

Front 88

opioid withdrawal

Back 88

anxiety, insomnia, flulike symptoms, piloerection, fever, rhinorrhea, lacrimation, yawning, nausea, stomach cramps, diarrhea, mydriasis

tx: clonidine and/or buprenorphine for mod symp, methadone for severe symptoms

naltrexone for pts who are drug free for 7-10 days