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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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medical combination for TB Rx
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rifampin
INH pyrizinamide ethambutal |
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preferred Dx test for PE
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spiral CT (IV contrast)
V/Q scan (if constrast contraindicated) |
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what are the indications for surgical parathyroidectomy
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symptomatic hypercalcemia
[Ca2+] > 1mg/dL above ULN Cr clearance decr'd by 30% T score < -2.5 (any site) < 50 y/o |
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what are some classic symptoms of croup
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INFLAMMATION OF LARYNX/TRACHEA/BRONCHI:
barking, seal-like cough respiratory distress upper AW obstruction with stridor SX'S WORSE AT NIGHT/EARLY MORNING |
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what are some classic symptoms of epiglotitis
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ACUTE ONSET OF SX'S: fever, severe sore throat, dysphagia, drooling, & toxic appearance
MUFFLED SPEECH ("hot potato voice") "TRIPODING" (attempt to maximize AW diameter)arms extended chest forward neck hyperextended chin thrust forward CBC: leukocytosis with bandemia LAT NECK XRAY: "thumb print" sign (enlarged epiglotitis) |
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Rx for epiglotitis
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MINIMIZE ANXIETY
INTUBATION CULTURE & SENSITIVITY blood & epiglottal surface EMPERIC IV ANTIBIOTICS: S. Aureus coverage ( oxacillin, nafcillin, cefazolin, clindamycin, or vancomycin) HiB coverage (ceftriaxone or cefotaxime) |
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Rx for croup
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O2 support (e.g. humidified O2 mask), if needed
steroids (e.g. dexamethasone) racemic epi (if stridor at rest) |
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Rx for RSV bronchiolitis
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O2 support, if needed
albuterol or racemic epi, if working (otherwise discontinue) |
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Dx & Rx
smoker with rapid onset JVD, facial swelling and altered mental status |
Dx: SVC syndrome
steroids & endovascular stent emergency radiation (for acute AW obstruction & laryngeal edema) |
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Dx & Rx
px presents with chronic sinusitis, hemoptysis and hematuria |
Dx: Wegener's
cyclophosphamide steroids |
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Dx & Rx
px with lung disease is found to have antiglomerular basement membrane antibodies |
Dx: Good Pasture's
plasmaphoresis steroids immunosuppression |
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CXR characteristic to neonatal RDS
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low lung volumes
diffuse ground glass appearance air bronchograms |
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Rx for neonatal RDS
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surfactant
CPAP |
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CXR characteristic features of transient tachypnea of newborn (TTN)
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increased lung volumes with flattened diaphragm
prominent vascular markings from the hilum (sunburst pattern) fluid streaking in interlobular fissures +/- pleural effusions |
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at what gestational age do the lungs mature & what physiologic change takes place that is used to measure lung maturity
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35 weeks
amt of lecithin (L) increases while sphingomyelin (S) remains constant L:S < 1.5 predicts 75% chance of RDS development L:S > 2.0 indicates full lung maturity |
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how can CF be Dx
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sweat chloride test
genetic test for CFTR gene mutation nasal transepithelial chloride secretion (measures abnormalities in ion transport across the nasal epithelium) |
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general Rx strategies for management of pulmonary component of CF
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B2-agonist (albuterol, salmeterol, formoterol)
DNA-ase I (to decrase sputum viscosity) hypertonic saline (for chronic cough) physiotherapy such as aerobic exercise (for increased mucous clearance) Azithromycin & FQ's, prn, if decr'd lung fxn (to slow decline of lung function & tx P. Aeruginosa) N-acetylcysteine (to help with mucous plugs) |
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general Rx strategies for management of GI component of CF
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nutritional counseling
pancreatic enzyme supplementation fat-soluble vitamin supplementation (i.e. A,D,E, & K) |
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shortly after birth a child has stridor, wheezing, & SOB despite medical therapies; what is likely to be causing sx's
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Dx: vascular ring
FYI: sx's persist despite medical therapies b/c medical tx does not affect structural abnormalities |
