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357 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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General treatment strategy for squamous cell cancer of the vagina |
radiation
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what is heavy bleeding during and between menstrual periods
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menometrorrhagia
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when does physiological anemia of pregnancy occur
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2nd trimester
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when should anemia be treated in pregnancy
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1 and 3 trimester < 112 trimester < 10.5
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what is goodells sign
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softening and cyanosis of the cervix6 weeks
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what is chadwicks sign
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bluish discoloration of the vagina8-12 weeks
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what is hegars sign
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softening of the lower uterine segment6 weeks
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what happens to B-hCG levels in early pregnancy
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doubles every 48 hours
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addition calories needed during 2nd trimester
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340
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addition calories needed during 3rd trimester
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452
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addition calories needed during breast feeding
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500however fat stores are mobilized, so only 330 are needed
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amount of folate needed to prevent neural tube defects
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.4 mg
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amount of folate needed by a mother who previously had a pregnancy with neuro tube defects
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4 mg
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when is a fetus most susceptible to teratogens
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3-8 weeks(organogenesis)
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what is the maternal pH, why, and why is it beneficial
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respiratory alk with metabolic compshifts curve to the LO2 goes from mother to fetus easier
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what hormone contributes to glucose intolerance
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hPL
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how much iron is needed during pregnancy
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30 mg |
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how much calcium is needed during pregnancy
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1200 mg
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what addition supplements are needed by vegetarians
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B12D
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what supplements should be given to a pregnant woman on anticonvulsants
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FolateK (last month of pregnancy)
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where should the uterus be by week 12
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pubic symphysis
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where should the uterus be by wek 20
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umbilicus
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what is an indication for percutaneous umbilical blood sampling
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anemia with possible transfusion
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what vaccines are indicated during pregnancy
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tetanusinfluenzapneumococcusmeningococcusHep A and B
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what vaccines are contraindicated during pregnancy
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MMRvaricellaoral/nasal polio
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what vaccines are given postpartum or post abortion
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rubellatetanusvaricella
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how much weight can a normal pregnancy gain
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25
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what disorders are a/w nuchal translucency
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downsturnerscongenital heart defect
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when can an amniocentesis be performed
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after 16 weeks
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when can chorionic villus sampling be performed
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after 9 weeks |
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pathologies a/w dislocation of the lens
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homocysteinuriamarfansalports
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pathology a/w honey crusted lesions
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impetigo(aureus or pyogenes)
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a woman at 24 weeks is found to have a fasting glucose of 130. what is your next step
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perform glucola
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what drugs are used for gestational diabetes
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insulinglyburide and metformin
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cardiac defects a/w pregestational diabetes
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tetrology of fallottransposition of the great vessel
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meds used to Rx HTN during pregnancy
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hydralazinemethyldopanifedipineB - (labetalol)
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dx in a px with HTN before 20 weeks of pregnancy
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hyditiform molechronic HTN
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how long after delivery should Mg sulfate be given in preeclampsia and eclampsia
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24 hours48 hours
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when and why is vit K given to a pregnant lady on anticonvulsants
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last month of pregnancyanticonvulsants decrease the production of coagulation factors
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Next step:pelvic fracture with DPL that shows blood in pelvis
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emergency laporotomy
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Next step:pelvic fracture with DPL that shows urine in pelvis
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urgent laporotomy
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Next step:pelvic fracture with DPL that shows nothing but px in hemodynamically instable
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angiography (emboli)
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Next step:blunt abdominal trauma, unstable and FAST that shows fluid in pelvis
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urgent laporotomy
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Next step:blunt abdominal trauma, unstable and FAST that is inconclusive
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DPL
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Next step:blunt abdominal trauma with stable vitals
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CT of abdomin and pelvis
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Next step:abdominal stab wound with hypotension or signs of peritonitis
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emergency laporotomy
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Next step:blunt abdominal trauma, unstable and FAST that shows no fluid in pelvis
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angiography (emboli)
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how should an 18 yo girl with ASCUS be managed
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follow up 6-12 months later
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how should a non-adolescent with ASCUS be managed
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1-reflex HPV2-repeat 6-12 months later3-colposcopy
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what criteria can differentiate hyperemesis gravidarum
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weight loss exceeding 5%detection of ketonuria
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what are some OTC Rx for nausea in pregnancy
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B6doxylamineacupressure wrist bands
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what are some prescription Rx for nausea in pregnancy
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promethazineondasetronmetoclopramide
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Rx for DVT in pregnancy and how long should it be continued
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heparin and enoxaparinstop giving 6 weeks before and 6 weeks after delivery
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what anticoagulant cannot be given during pregnancy and when can it be given
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warfarinbreast feeding
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what dipstick finding is Dx of UTI
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nitrites
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what is the first line treatment for hyperemesis gravidarum
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B6doxylaminefluids(also ondasetron)
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effects marijuana has on fetus
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small headincreased incidence for psychological problems and cancer
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what doses of radiation are safe in pregnancy, which are not
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less than .05over .1
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teratogenic defects:phocomelia
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thalidamide
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teratogenic defects:yellow/brown teeth
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tetracyclines
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teratogenic defects:deafness
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aminoglycosides
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teratogenic defects:spina bifida, hypospadias
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valproate
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teratogenic defects:ebsteins anomoly
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lithium
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teratogenic defects:craniofacial defects, IUGR, CNS malformation, stillbirth
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warfarin
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teratogenic defects:fingernail hypoplasia, craniofacial defects
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carbamazepine
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teratogenic defects:CNS, craniofacial, ear and CV defects
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isoretinoin
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teratogenic defects:goiter and cretinism
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iodine deficiency
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teratogenic defects:cerebral infarcts and mental retardation
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cocaine
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teratogenic defects:clear cell vaginal cancer, adenosis, cervical incompetence
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DES
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teratogenic defects:tabacco use
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IUGRprematurity
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how are migraines treated in pregnancy and why
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opiatesb/c triptans and ergots cause vasodilationNSAIDs are teratogenic
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definitive cure for preeclampsia
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Delivery
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Rx for macular degeneration
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antioxidant-Vit A,C,E-copper-zinc
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Rx for retinal detachment
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laser photocoagulation
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what are the findings of tertiary syphilis
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tabes dorsalis-argyll robertson pupilaortitis-aneurysm-aortic regurgGumma
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congenital syphilis findings in first 5 weeks
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rash followed by desquamation of the hands and feetsnuffles
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congenital syphilis findings after 3 months
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hutchinsons teethsaddle nose deformitysaber shins
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congenital rubella signs
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blueberry muffin rashsensorineural deafnesscataractscardiac malformations-PDA-tetrology of fallot-pulmonary artery stenosis
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congenital CMV signs
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asymptomatic but develop progressive hearing loss (usually unilateral)intracranial calcificationschorioretinitis
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congenital varicella signs
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skin dermatomal scarringretinitis/cataractshypoplasia of hands and feet
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when should antibiotics be givven for GBS
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screen during 35-36 weekprevious pregnancy with infectionfound early in pregnancy
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Rx for GBS in pregnancy
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penicillinampicillinPCN allergy with rash-cefazolinPCN allergy with air way-vancomycin-erythromycin-clindamycin
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leading cause of congenital infection caused by infection
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chlamydia
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congenital infection:asymptomatic but develops unilateral hearing loss
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CMV
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congenital infection:hydrocephalus, intracranial calcifications, chorioretinitis
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toxoplasmosisCMV
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congenital infection:rash, deafness, cataracts
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rubella
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congenital infection:hearing loss, chorioretinitis, intracranial calcifications
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CMV
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congenital infection:PDA or pulmonary stenosis
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rubella
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congenital infection:anemia, blood tinged nasal secretions, hepatosplenomegaly
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syphilis
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congenital infection:temporal lobe encephalitis
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herpes
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Rx for choriocarcinoma
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hysterectomy chemotherapyStage 1/2-MTX or dactinomycinStage 3/4-add cyclophosphamide and vincristine
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Causes of fever post op
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Wind - lung problemWater - UTIWound - infectionWalking - DVTWein - Thrombophlebitis
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Rx for seizure prophylaxis in severe preeclampsia
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Mg sulfate
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MCC bloody nipple discharge
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intraductal pailloma
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when can methotrexate be used to treat ectopic pregnancy
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px is stable, compliantpretreatment B-hCG is <5000Tubal size is less than 3cmno fetal cardiac activity
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risk factors for ectopic pregnancy
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PIDGyn Surgerymultiple partnerssmoking
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at what hCG levels does US detect intrauterine pregnancy
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1500 = transvaginal6500 = transabdominal
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IUP + bleeding before 20 weeks + closed cervical os
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threatened abortion
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nonviable IUP + open cervical os + no tissue passed
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inevitable abortion
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nonviable IUP that has not passed
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missed abortion
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open cervical os + some but not all of the POC have passed
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incomplete
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all POC have passed
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complete
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MCC of spontaneous abortion
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fetal chromosomal abnormality
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presentation of inevitable abortion
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initial 20 weeks, pain, open cervical os, no expelled parts, US detects fetus
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what gestational age can D&C be used for fetal demise
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before 24 weeks
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fetal demise evacuation after 24 weeks
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induction of labor
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congenital infection a/w blueberry muffin rash
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rubella
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Child with flesh colored umbilicated lesions
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molluscus contagiosum
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psychiatric disorder:females only, loss of previously acquired language and motor skills
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retts
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psychiatric disorder:impairments in social interaction, communication, play and repetitive behavior
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autism
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psychiatric disorder:impairment in social interaction but no language delay
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aspergers
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psychiatric disorder:stereotyped hand movements
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retts
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psychiatric disorder:ignoring the basic rights of others
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conduct disorder
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psychiatric disorder:hostility, annoyance ,vindictiveness, disobedience and resentfulness
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oppositional defiant
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psychiatric disorder:multiple motor and vocal tics
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tourettes
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psychiatric disorder:impulsive and inattentive
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ADHD
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psychiatric disorder:7 yo that avoids going to school to stay with parents
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separation anxiety
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AFI in polyhydramnios
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>25 cm
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AFI in oligohydramnios
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<5 cm
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most frequent US finding for IUGR
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abdominal circumference of <10% for gestational age
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Causes of oligohydramnios in 2nd trimester
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fetal renal abnormalitymaternal causesplacental thrombosisamniocentesis
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Causes of oligohydramnios in 3rd trimester
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PROMpreeclampsiaabruptio placenta
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by what MOA does NSAIDs decrease amniotic fluid volume
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decrease renal function
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what tests can confirm rupture of membranes
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poolingnitrazine paper testferning testoligohydramnios on ultrasound
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what is PROM
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rupture of membranes after 37 weeks without uterine contractions
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what is PPROM
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rupture of membrane before 37 weeks
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when might you suspect chorioamnionitis in a patient with PROM
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Fever +-maternal/fetal tachycardia-maternal leukocytosis-uterine tenderness-foul smelling discharge
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What antibiotics must be avoided during pregnancy
|
fluoroquinilonestetracyclinesaminoglycosidessulfonamides
|
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what laproscopic findings are seen in endometriosis
|
chocolate cystpowder burn lesion
|
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why is thiamine given in a glucose infusion to alcoholics with hypoglycemia
|
without thiamine, glucose will worsen wernicke encephalopathy
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what is considered fetal tachycardia
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>160
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what is considered fetal bradycardia
|
<110
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what is a differential for fetal tachycardia
|
maternal problemschorioamnionitisdrugs (terbutaline, atropine)hypoxiaanemiaimmaturitytachyarrhythmia
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what is the surveillance strategy for high risk pregnancy
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weekly or biweekly BPP or NST
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what is considered a normal NST
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20 minutes2 episodes of 15 bpm for 15 seconds
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type of deceleration:check mark fetal heart tracing
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late
|
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type of deceleration:onset during, before, or after uterine contractions have begun
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early
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type of deceleration:occur after uterine contraction has begun
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late
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type of deceleration:unpredictable changes
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variable
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usual physical cause of early deceleration
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head compression (vagal stimulation)
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usual physical cause of variable deceleration
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chord compression
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usual physical cause of late deceleration
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uterine placental insufficiency
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CI for fetal scalp electrode placement
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breech<36 weeksviral infection
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what contraction pattern is needed for cervical dilation to occur
|
occur every 2-3 minutes
|
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what must be assessed in the event of labor dystocia
|
PowerPassengerPassage
|
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how are contractions measured
|
montevideo units
|
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what is the most favorable position for delivery
|
occiput anterior
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what is arrest of descent
|
cervix doesnt dilate in the active phase >2 hours in nulliparous>3 hours in multiparous
|
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how do you manage arrest of descent
|
place IUPCaugment oxytocinC section
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next step when a fetal heart tone becomes nonreassuring
|
give maternal O2Remove uterine stimulantsleft lateral decubitus positionTerbutaline to stop contractions
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What antibiotics must be avoided during pregnancy
|
fluoroquinilonestetracyclinesaminoglycosidessulfonamides
|
|
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what laproscopic findings are seen in endometriosis
|
chocolate cystpowder burn lesion
|
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why is thiamine given in a glucose infusion to alcoholics with hypoglycemia
|
without thiamine, glucose will worsen wernicke encephalopathy
|
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what is considered fetal tachycardia
|
>160
|
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what is considered fetal bradycardia
|
<110
|
|
|
what is a differential for fetal tachycardia
|
maternal problemschorioamnionitisdrugs (terbutaline, atropine)hypoxiaanemiaimmaturitytachyarrhythmia
|
|
|
what is the surveillance strategy for high risk pregnancy
|
weekly or biweekly BPP or NST
|
|
|
what is considered a normal NST
|
20 minutes2 episodes of 15 bpm for 15 seconds
|
|
|
type of deceleration:check mark fetal heart tracing
|
late
|
|
|
type of deceleration:onset during, before, or after uterine contractions have begun
|
early
|
|
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type of deceleration:occur after uterine contraction has begun
|
late
|
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type of deceleration:unpredictable changes
|
variable
|
|
|
usual physical cause of early deceleration
|
head compression (vagal stimulation)
|
|
|
usual physical cause of variable deceleration
|
chord compression
|
|
|
usual physical cause of late deceleration
|
uterine placental insufficiency
|
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|
CI for fetal scalp electrode placement
|
breech<36 weeksviral infection
|
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what contraction pattern is needed for cervical dilation to occur
|
occur every 2-3 minutes
|
|
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what must be assessed in the event of labor dystocia
|
PowerPassengerPassage
|
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how are contractions measured
|
montevideo units
|
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what is the most favorable position for delivery
|
occiput anterior
|
|
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what is arrest of descent
|
cervix doesnt dilate in the active phase >2 hours in nulliparous>3 hours in multiparous
|
|
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how do you manage arrest of descent
|
place IUPCaugment oxytocinC section
|
|
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next step when a fetal heart tone becomes nonreassuring
|
give maternal O2Remove uterine stimulantsleft lateral decubitus positionTerbutaline to stop contractions
|
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how is a breech at 36 weeks managed
|
external cephalic eversion
|
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what potential events must patients considering VBAC be counseled
|
uterine rupturefetal/maternal death
|
|
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what are the symptoms of lacunar stroke
|
pure motor hemiparesisataxic hemiparesispure sensory defectsensory motor strokedysarthria/clumsy hand syndrome
|
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|
classic symptoms of placenta previa
|
painless bleedingduring 3rd trimester
|
|
|
next step in a patient with 2 consecutive ASCUS pap smears
|
colposcopy with endocervical curettage
|
|
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what is uterine hyperstimulation
|
>5 contractions over 10 minutes with a duration >60 secondssignificant fetal heart rate decelerations
|
|
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contraindications for breast feeding
|
HIVinfantile galactosemiatetracyclineschloremphenicaltopiramateantineoplasticamiodarone
|
|
|
Rx for mastitis
|
continue nursingrest and ibuprofendicloxacillin cephalexinamoxicillin-clavulanateTMP-SMX (MRSA)metronidazole (anaerobes)
|
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|
features of galactocele
|
tenderredsmall mass
|
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features of mastitis
|
feverwarmth/erythemaincreased WBCpositive culture
|
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type of oral contraceptive used in lactating women
|
progesterone only
|
|
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Rx for woman who does not wish to breastfeed postpartum
|
tightly wrapped breastsanalgesicice packs
|
|
|
Rx for uterine atony
|
uterine massageoxytocinmethergine (CI in HTN)Hemabate (CI in asthma)surgery-uterine artery ligation-internal iliac artery ligation-selective arterial ligation-hysterectomy
|
|
|
features of endometritis
|
feveruterine tendernessfoul lochialeukocytosis with left shift
|
|
|
Rx for post partum endometritis
|
gentamycin and clindamycin
|
|
|
Dx:postpartum woman presents with pain and tenderness of the breast that is limited to one region, no redness or warmth
|
galactocele
|
|
|
why do post partum women use progesterone only OCP
|
because of the increased risk of DVT
|
|
|
Dximmediate post partum period a patient develops sudden onset of hypoxia, cardiogenic shock and DIC
|
amniotic fluid embolism
|
|
|
Pathology a/w anticentromere Ab
|
CREST
|
|
|
Pathology a/w blistering skin and a positive nikolsky
|
pemphigus vulgaris
|
|
|
Cell pathology a/w:EBV
|
burkitts
|
|
|
Cell pathology a/w:reed sternberg
|
hodgkins lymphoma
|
|
|
Cell pathology a/w:bence jones proteins
|
multiple myeloma
|
|
|
Cell pathology a/w:translocation 14:18
|
follicular
|
|
|
Cell pathology a/w:MC lymphoma
|
diffuse large b cell lymphoma
|
|
|
Cell pathology a/w:translocation 8:14
|
burkitts
|
|
|
Cell pathology a/w:translocation 9:22
|
CML
|
|
|
Cell pathology a/w:MC hodgkins
|
nodular sclerosing
|
|
|
Cell pathology a/w:"starry sky pattern"
|
burkitts
|
|
|
Cell pathology a/w:hight hct and hgb (especially after hot showers) and burning in hands and feet
|
polycythemia vera
|
|
|
Cell pathology a/w: blood smear shows hair like projections |
hairy cell leukemia
|
|
|
Mean age of menarche
|
13
|
|
|
what race has menarche before 10.5 years old
|
hispanics and blacks
|
|
|
when does the growth spurt happen
|
before menarche
|
|
|
when does precocious puberty happen in boys and girls
|
boys < 9girls < 8
|
|
|
causes of pseudoprecocious puberty
|
exogenous steroidsCAHMcCune albrighthormone producing tumor
|
|
|
Rx for central precocious puberty
|
continuous GnRH analogue
|
|
|
which part of the menstrual cycle is fixed at 14 days
|
luteal
|
|
|
FSH triggers the release of what hormone from the follicle
|
estradiol
|
|
|
what hormonal change causes menstruation |
decreased progesterone
|
|
|
name for stress related hair loss
|
telogen effluvium
|
|
|
which joints are affected by rheumatoid arthritis
|
MCPPIP
|
|
|
how is menopause diagnosed
|
12 months of amenorrhea in a woman over 45
|
|
|
premature menopause is menopause before what age
|
40
|
|
|
in perimenopause, what hormonal changes are occuring
|
FSH and LH responses are decreasedso FSH and LH will be increasedestrogen will be decreased
|
|
|
pros to HRT
|
Rx symptomsreduce osteoporosisreduce colorectal cancer
|
|
|
cons to HRT
|
breast cancerendometrial cancervenous thromboembolismsstrokeheat diseasebiliary disease
|
|
|
Rx for menopausal hot flashes
|
desvenlafaxinevenlafaxineclonidinegabapentin
|
|
|
SE of estrogen
|
weight gainnauseaheadachebreast tenderness
|
|
|
SE of progesterone
|
acnedepressionHTN
|
|
|
to which menopausal patients should bisphosphonates be given |
those with osteopenia and osteoporosis |
|
|
Which px is bupropion contraindicated in
|
seizure disorderw/draw from benzo or alcoholeating disorderMAOI in last 2 weeks
|
|
|
Rx for serotonin syndrome
|
sedation/intubationbenzos
|
|
|
Rxmiddle aged man with knee pain, x-ray shows calcification of the articular cartilage
|
NSAIDscolchicine
|
|
|
absolute CI for OCP
|
pregnancyhistory of thromboembolismsestrogen dep tumorvascular diseasehypertensionsmoker >35hepatic diseaseunknown vaginal bleedingmigraine with aura
|
|
|
what cancer risk is reduced by OCP
|
endometrialovarian
|
|
|
what are the estrogen SE
|
bloatingweight gainbreast tendernessnauseaheadaches
|
|
|
what are the progesterone SE
|
depressionacnehypertension
|
|
|
liver pathologies a/w OCP
|
cholestasishepatic adenoma and HCCbudd chiaricirrhosis
|
|
|
what can reduce the effectiveness of OCP
|
rifampingriseofulvinantiepilepticsst johns wart
|
|
|
CI for IUD placement
|
current infectionuterine distortionuterine bleedingcopper allergy or wilsonsbreats cancer
|
|
|
4 options for emergency contraception
|
combination OCPprogesterone onlycopper IUDulipristol - selective progesterone receptor modulators
|
|
|
MOA of OCP
|
inhibit follicle development and ovulationchange in endometrial qualityincreased cervical mucous
|
|
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first step in a patient with primary amenorrhea and signs of hyperandrogenism
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serum testosterone and DHEAS
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first step in a patient with primary amenorrhea and galactorrhea
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serum prolactin and thyrotropin
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|
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first step in a patient with primary amenorrhea and uterus is absent
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karyotypeserum testosterone
|
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first step in a patient with primary amenorrhea and uterus is present
|
BhCGserum FSH
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|
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first step in a patient with primary amenorrhea and BhCG is high
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pregnancy
|
|
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first step in a patient with primary amenorrhea and FSH is high
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karyotype for turners
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first step in a patient with primary amenorrhea and FSH is low
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MRI for hypothalamic or pituitary disease
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|
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first step in a patient with primary amenorrhea and FSH is normal
|
serum prolactin and thyrotropin
|
|
|
Dx px with primary amenorrheaPE shows bluish bulge where vaginal orifice should be
|
imperforate hymen
|
|
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Dxpx with primary amenorrhea, absent sexual characteristics and anosmia
|
kallman
|
|
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definition of premature ovarian failure
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menopause < 40 yo(absent menses for 6 months)
|
|
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MCC of secondary amenorrhea
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pregnancy
|
|
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initial step in a woman presenting with secondary amenorrhea and new galactorrhea when the BhCG is negative |
check TSH and prolactin levels
|
|
|
Dxchild presents with thigh muscle weakness, waddling gait, and pronounced calf muscle
|
duchenne muscular dystrophy
|
|
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Dx and Rxfemale neonate born in breech position is found to have asymmetric inguinal and gluteal skin fold
|
developmental dysplasia of the hippaclik harness to maintain hips abducted
|
|
|
how is benign paroxysmal positional vertigo Dx
|
history (worse with movement)Dix hallpike maneuver
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|
|
how is benign paroxysmal positional vertigo Rx
|
eplem meneuver
|
|
|
Rx options for endometriosis
|
NSAIDsOCPGnRH agonist-nafarelin-leuprolide-goserelinprogestindanazolaromatase inhibitors-anastrozole
|
|
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what must be given with aromataze inhibitors to avoid follicular cysts
|
GnRH agonistOCP
|
|
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first line Rx in infertile woman with signs of endometriosis
|
laparoscopy
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|
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abnormal uterine bleeding:MCC
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anovulatory bleeding
|
|
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abnormal uterine bleeding:+ BhCG, intrauterine pregnancy, closed os
|
threatened abortion
|
|
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abnormal uterine bleeding:enlarged uterus, menometrorrhagia for months
|
fibroidsadenomyosismolar pregnancy
|
|
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abnormal uterine bleeding:a/w menstrual pelvic pain
|
endometriosisadenomyosis
|
|
|
abnormal uterine bleeding:menorrhagia, perimenopausal
|
endometrial hyperplasia
|
|
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abnormal uterine bleeding:started with menarche
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bleeding diathesis-vWD
|
|
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abnormal uterine bleeding:+BhCG, severe pain, no fetus in uterus on US
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ectopic pregnancy
|
|
|
abnormal uterine bleeding:metrorrhagia especially after intercourse, no pain, normal sized uterus
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polyp
|
|
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abnormal uterine bleeding:depression, constipation
|
hypothyroidism
|
|
|
controlling severe menorrhagia in a stable px
|
estrogenOCP (monophasic)-ethinyl estradiolhigh dose progestin-medroxyprogsteronenorethindrone
|
|
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controlling severe menorrhagia in a unstable px
|
IVtamponadepremarinphenergan
|
|
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MCC of irregular heavy uterine bleeding
|
anovulation
|
|
|
when is endometrial biopsy a necessary part of work up for abnormal uterine bleeding
|
bleeding in a woman >35 yo
|
|
|
Rx of choice for primary dysmenorrhea
|
NSAIDsOCP
|
|
|
Rx for PMS and PMDD
|
B6NSAIDsOCPSSRI / alprazolamprogestins
|
|
|
first line treatment for endometriosis
|
combined OCP (monophasic)laparoscopy
|
|
|
MCC of female infertility
|
endometriosis
|
|
|
MCC of hirsutism
|
PCOS
|
|
|
lab findings a/w PCOS
|
increased LH (LH:FSH > 3:1)increased testosterone / DHEA / androstenedione
|
|
|
what cancer are woman with PCOS at increased risk for and why
|
endometrial and breastb/c of increased estrogen
|
|
|
Rx for PCOS
|
exercise and weight lossspironolactoneOCPclomiphenemetforminstatinsprogesterone
|
|
|
MC clotting disorder that can cause menorrhagia
|
vWD
|
|
|
lab values a/w vWD
|
increased BT and PTT
|
|
|
what are the 3 Ds of endometriosis
|
dysmenorrheadyspareuniadyschezia
|
|
|
when can lactational amenorrhea be relied upon as an effective method of contraception
|
exclusively breast feeding every 3-4 hours for 6 months
|
|
|
Rx for acute angle closure glaucoma
|
B-a+cholinergicsdiureticsPG
|
|
|
a/w "dew drops on rose petals
|
varicella
|
|
|
features of bacterial vaginosis
|
clue cellsincreased pH
|
|
|
features of trichomonas infection
|
motileincreased pHstrawberry cervic
|
|
|
features of candida vaginitis
|
cottage cheesepseudohyphaenormal pH
|
|
|
Rx for gonorrhea
|
ceftriaxone
|
|
|
Rx for chlamydia
|
docycycline(azithromycin)
|
|
|
complications of PID
|
infertilityectopic pregnancychronic pelvic paintubo-ovarian abscessadhesions
|
|
|
a/w "feels like sitting on an egg"
|
pelvic prolapse
|
|
|
what is a cystocele
|
prolapse of bladder into the vagina
|
|
|
what is a rectocele
|
prolapse of rectum into vagina
|
|
|
what is a enterocele
|
prolapse of small bowel into vagina(usually follows a hysterectomy)
|
|
|
what is a uterine prolapse
|
prolapse of uterus into vagina
|
|
|
which STD is mistaken for IBD because of its a/w fistula
|
lymphogranuloma venereum
|
|
|
a woman presents with symptoms of cystitis but gram stain shows no organisms. what is the likely cause
|
chlamydia
|
|
|
what are the stages of syphilis
|
Stage 1-chancreStage 2-rash on palms and sols-lymphadenopathyStage 3-gumma-tabes dorsalis
|
|
|
Rx for syphilis
|
penicillin(doxycycline)
|
|
|
how is PID diagnosed
|
abd, pelvic, or adnexal painvaginal discharge with WBCleukocytosis, fever, increased ESR and CRP
|
|
|
what drug is no longer used to Rx gonorrhea due to resistance
|
fluoroquinilones
|
|
|
antidote for:organophosphates
|
atropinepralidoxine
|
|
|
antidote for:mercury
|
dimercaprolsuccimer
|
|
|
antidote for:carbon monoxide
|
100% O2(hyperbaric)
|
|
|
antidote for:heparin
|
protamine
|
|
|
antidote for:isoniazid
|
B6
|
|
|
Dxpainless pruritic papule with regional lymphadenopathy that evolves into a necrotic ulcer with a black eschar
|
anthrxax
|
|
|
Rx for anthrax
|
penicillinampicillindoxycycline
|
|
|
what is the most important prognostic factor in endometrial cancer
|
grade
|
|
|
when are pap smears started
|
21 years old
|
|
|
general treatment for squamous cell cancer of the vagina
|
radiation
|
|
|
indications for an endometrial biopsy
|
menometrorrhagiapost menopausal bleeding
|
|
|
next step in management in a woman who has CIN2 who has completed fertility
|
Excision with-LEEP-conization-laser ablation
|
|
|
next step in the management of ASCUS pap smear with a negative HPV
|
repeat pap
|
|
|
next step in the management of ASCUS pap smear with a positive HPV
|
colposcopy
|
|
|
next step in the management of AGUS pap smear
|
colposcopy with endocervical curettageEMB if high risk
|
|
|
Rx for a lesion found to be HSIL on biopsy
|
repeat colposcopyexcision with LEEP, conization and laser ablation
|
|
|
Dxivory or porcelain white macules and plaques with pruritis in the anogenital region
|
lichen sclerosis
|
|
|
Rx for lichen sclerosis
|
steroids-clobetasol-pimecrolimus
|
|
|
symptoms of ovarian cancer
|
adnexal massascitesabdominal pain fatigueweight loss
|
|
|
risk factors for endometrial cancer
|
unopposed estrogen-PCOS-tumor
|
|
|
risk factors for ovarian cancer
|
family historyBRCA 1+2
|
|
|
what marker is elevated in endometrial and ovarian cancer
|
CA-125
|
|
|
US findings indicative of a benign mass
|
cystic masssmooth lesionfew septa
|
|
|
US findings indicative of a malignant mass
|
irregularitiesnodularitymany septa
|
|
|
ovarian tumor a/wpsammoma bodies
|
serous cystadenocarcinoma
|
|
|
ovarian tumor a/westrogen excess
|
granulosa theca
|
|
|
ovarian tumor a/wandrogen secretion
|
sertoli leydig
|
|
|
complication of gonorrhea or chlamydia that infects the capsule of the liver
|
fitz hugh cutis
|
|
|
heart murmur a/w:diastolic, lower left boarder, increases with inspiration
|
TS
|
|
|
heart murmur a/w:diastolic, openning snap
|
MS
|
|
|
heart murmur a/w:systolic, second right interspace
|
AS
|
|
|
heart murmur a/w:systolic, second left interspace
|
PS
|
|
|
heart murmur a/w:late systolic, apex
|
MP
|
|
|
heart murmur a/w:diastolic, wide pulse pressure
|
AR
|
|
|
heart murmur a/w:systolic, left lower sternum
|
TR
|
|
|
heart murmur a/w:systolic, apex
|
MR
|
|
|
Rx for pediculosis capitis and pubis
|
permethrin
|
|
|
other than medications, what can cause gynechomastia
|
tea tree oilcirrhosistestocular germ cell tumorhyperthyroidismhemodialysis patients
|
|
|
next step in a fibroadenoma appearing breast mass
|
FNA
|
|
|
next step in a fibroadenoma appearing breast mass that FNA shows solid and benign
|
repeat
|
|
|
next step in a fibroadenoma appearing breast mass that FNA shows solid and malignant
|
treat
|
|
|
next step in a fibroadenoma appearing breast mass that FNA shows cystic, clear fluid and mass that disappears
|
reassurance
|
|
|
next step in a fibroadenoma appearing breast mass that FNA shows cystic bloody fluid
|
cytology
|
|
|
Dxwoman appears with smooth mobile mass, FNA shows clear non bloody fluid
|
fibrocystic change
|
|
|
MCC of bloody nipple discharge
|
intraductal papilloma
|
|
|
MCC of breast mass in a 25 yo
|
fibrocystic change
|
|
|
possible treatments for fibrocystic change
|
eliminate caffeine and OCP
|
|
|
MCC site of breast cancer
|
upper outer quadrant
|
|
|
what findings are suspicious on a mammogram
|
calcificationshyperdense regions
|
|
|
Rx for ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast
|
lumpectomy with or without radiation
|
|
|
what is the management of LCIS once invasion has been eliminated
|
observationtamoxifene
|
|
|
why does tamoxifene work so well with LCIS
|
they are always ER and PR positive
|
|
|
breast disease:MC
|
invasive ductal
|
|
|
breast disease:serous or bloody nipple discharge
|
intraductal papilloma
|
|
|
breast disease:MC mass in 35-50 yo
|
fibrocystic change
|
|
|
breast disease:MC tumor in teen and young women
|
fibroadenoma
|
|
|
breast disease:mass accompanied by redness, pain and warmth
|
inflammatory carcinoma
|
