Step 2 Dit: Msk/rheum 02

Front 1

infection a/w cold agglutinins

Back 1

mycoplasma pneumonia

infectious mononucleosis (EBV)

Front 2

cause of HTN a/w:
HTN in the arms; hypotension in the legs

Back 2

coarctation of aorta

Front 3

cause of HTN a/w:
proteinuria

Back 3

renal disease

Front 4

cause of HTN a/w:
hypokalemia

Back 4

hyperaldosteronism

Front 5

cause of HTN a/w:
tachycardia, diarrhea, heat intolerance

Back 5

hyperthyroidism

Front 6

cause of HTN a/w:
hyperkalemia

Back 6

renal failure

Front 7

cause of HTN a/w:
episodic sweating and tachycardia

Back 7

pheochromocytoma

Front 8

what is the cause of erythroblastosis fetalis

Back 8

maternal antibodies against fetal Rh+ RBC's

Front 9

what is grading system for sprained ankles

Back 9

GRADE I:
overstretching of ankle muscles
microscopic tears
able to bear wt

GRADE II:
incomplete tear
painful to bear wt
swelling/tenderness/ecchymosis

GRADE III:
complete tear
significant joint instability
loss of function & motion
unable to bear wt

Front 10

initial Rx for sprained ankle

Back 10

RICE
rest
ice
compress
elevate

NSAIDS

ROM EXERCISES

Front 11

knee injury a/w:
MC'ly injured knee ligament

Back 11

MCL

Front 12

knee injury a/w:
positive lachman test (i.e. anterior drawer sign)

Back 12

ACL

Front 13

knee injury a/w:
positive mcmurray test

Back 13

meniscal tear

Front 14

knee injury a/w:
dashboard knee injury in MVA
(i.e. positive drawer sign)

Back 14

PCL

Front 15

what is the earliest sign of compartment syndrome

Back 15

pain in excess of what is expected

pain even with passive motion

Front 16

what are the 6 Ps of compartment syndorme

Back 16

pain
pallor
poikilothermia
pulselessness
parasthesia
paralysis

Front 17

how is compartment syndrome dx'd & what is criteria for dx

Back 17

dx'c test = needle manometry

dx'c criteria: pressures >/= 30 mmHg

Front 18

Rx for compartment syndrome

Back 18

emergent fasciotomy of ALL compartments of affected PORTION OF EXTREMITY
(NOT just the affected compartment)

Front 19

MC compartments affected in compartment syndrome

Back 19

volar compartment of forearm**

anterior compartment of leg

**FYI: "volar" means "relating to the palm of the hand or sole of the foot"....palm of the forearm, in this case

Front 20

what study is used for ligamental tears

Back 20

MRI

Front 21

best imaging test for spinal cord compression

Back 21

CT

Front 22

best imaging test for spinal cord lesions (e.g. MS)

Back 22

MRI

Front 23

best imaging test for spinal disc herniation

Back 23

MRI

Front 24

imaging study used to visualise the brachial plexus

Back 24

MRI

Front 25

lower back pain a/w:
pain increases with passive straight leg raise

Back 25

herniated disk

Front 26

lower back pain a/w:
pain lessens with flexion of the hips
(e.g. bend over a shopping cart)

Back 26

spinal stenosis

Front 27

lower back pain a/w:
elderly, weight loss, pain that is worse when supine

Back 27

spinal tumor

Front 28

lower back pain a/w:
pain made worse by walking or standing
(aka pseudoclaudication)

Back 28

lumbar spinal stenosis

Front 29

lower back pain a/w:
loss of foot dorsiflexion and pain on crossed straight leg raise

Back 29

disc herniation

Front 30

lower back pain a/w:
pain limited to the paraspinal region

Back 30

paraspinal muscle strain

Front 31

lower back pain a/w:
acute urinary retention

Back 31

cauda equine syndrome

Front 32

what nerve root is lesioned:
parasthesia of lateral foot

Back 32

S1

Front 33

what nerve root is lesioned:
loss of foot dorsiflexion

Back 33

L4

Front 34

what nerve root is lesioned:
anterior shoulder numbness

Back 34

C5

Front 35

what nerve root is lesioned:
loss of ability to spread fingers

Back 35

T1

Front 36

parasthesia to posterior forearm

Back 36

C7