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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Diarrhea in winter months, Commonly in children Foul smelling, liquidy green stools Severe dehydration |
Rotavirus |
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Coxsackie and Echo in what time of the year |
Summer |
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a) Diarrhea from reheated rice? b) What is the presentatoin |
a) Bacillus cereus
b) Vomiting within several hours Diarrhea follows |
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2nd Most common foodborne bacteria GI infection |
Salmonella - nausea - abdominal pain - bloody diarrhea |
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Causes of Bloody Diarrhea (6)? |
- Campylobacter - Salmonella - EHEC - Shigella (Severe bloody) - Yersinia entercolitica - Entamoeba histolytica (severe bloody) |
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Clostridium botulinum causes ____ paralysis |
flaccid |
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_____ can bind to C.diff toxin and is sometimes used to tx C.diff |
Cholestyramine |
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Thrombocytopenia, Hemolytic anemia, Acute renal failure. a) Dx b) Cause? |
a) Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome b) E. Coli 0157:H7 |
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Ingestion of food left outside at room temp. Vomiting within 1-6 hours |
S. aureus |
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Infected seafood (think oysters), watery diarrhea within 24 hrs of eating, abdominal pain |
Vibrio parahemolyticus
- all vibrios can be from seafood |
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Bloody diarrhea, RLQ pain, fever, usually from pork, produce, puppy faeces |
Yersinia entercolitica |
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Greasy, foul smelling diarrhea Abdominal pain Malaise cysts and trophozoites seen in stool sample |
Giardia lamblia |
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Severe bloody diarrhea cysts and trophozoites in stool Liver abscesses (may cause)
a) Dx B) Tx |
a) Entamoeba histolytica b) Metronidazole |
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Cause diarrhea in immunocompromised pts (2) ? |
1. Cryptosporidium parvum - MCC cause of diarrhea in AIDS - acid fast stain of stool shows parasites - Watery diarrhea
2. Isospora
CMV and MAC also cause diarrhea in AIDS |
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Two most common causes of bloody diarrhea |
1. Campylobacter jejuni (MCC) 2. Salmonella
Less common: E. Coli and Shigella |
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diarrhea causing pathogen with Curved or S - shaped gram -ve rod? |
Campylobacter jejuni |
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Bloody diarrhea with crypt abscesses and ulcers resembling UC. High fever, and cramping abdominal pain a) Dx b) tx? |
a) Campylobacter jejuni
b) Azithromcyin |
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What are the 3 complications a/w Campylobacter ? |
1. Guillain-Barre' Syndrome
2. HUS
3. HLA-B27 positive seronegative spondyloarthropathy |
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Pt w/ AIDS. CD4 < 50. Diarrhea with malabsorption. Foamy macrophages in lamina propria? |
MAC - acid fast rods |
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Common cause of diarrhea in AIDS when CD4 count < 50-100 cells/mm^3 |
CMV |
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What test establishes diagnosis in diarrhea from rotavirus? |
Rotazyme test on stool |
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Gram -Ve coccobacillus with with bipolar staining, simulates Acute appendicitis |
Yersinia entercolitica |
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MCC cause of diarrhea in AIDS |
Cryptosporidium parvum |
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RUQ pain, fatigue, fever. Travel to mexico. CT shows solitary cystic lesion in the right hepatic lobe |
Amebic liver abscess due to E. histolytica |
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Most common bacteria in cholangiitis |
E. Coli Klebsiella pneumoniae |
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Tx of Choice for Chronic Hep C |
Peg-Interferon + Ribavirin |
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Tx of Choice for Chronic Hep B |
IFN-a + lamivudine (nucleoside analogue) |
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Pt with AIDS and Sx of colitis (bloody diarrhea + tenesmus + abdominal pain). Most likely dx? |
CMV |
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Most common cause of non-bloody diarrhea in HIV pts? |
Cryptosporidia - watery diarrhea, abdominal cramps, low fever |
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Pts with hemochromotosis are vulnerable to these iron loving bacteria? |
Vibrio vulnificus - from uncooked seafood
Yersinia entercolitica |
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1. Mild diarrhea, CNS symptoms (sz, neurocystocercosis) , Undercooked pork a) Dx b) Tx when confined to the intestines? c) Tx when cysts in brain |
1 a) Taenia solium b) Praziquantel c) Albendazole + Steroids (if > 5 cysts) |
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1. Fever, myalgias, eosinophilia, undercooked pork. a) Dx? b) Tx
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1 a) Trichenella spiralis b) Albendazole Mebendazole if CNS or Cardiac sx |
