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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Oligoclonal bands in CSF dx of?
- gold standard of dx of this dz? - tx? |
MS.
- see lesions on MRI (periventricular plaques = areas of oligodendrocyte loss and reactive gliosis w/ reactive gliosis) - interferon-B, or immunosuppression. |
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periventricular plaques are seen in which Neuro dz?
- what are they? |
MS
- areas of oligodendrocyte loss and reactive gliosis w/ reactive gliosis |
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Sx of MS?
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Scanning Speech, intention tremor, incontinence, internuclear ophthalmoplegia, nystagmus.
"SIN" |
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What is the histologic/Gross findx for Lewy body dementia?
- description of sx? |
alpha-synnuclein defect.
- parkinsonism with dementia and hallucinations. |
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APP, presenilin-1, and preseninlin-2 are all associated with what?
ApoE4? ApoE2? |
Familial early onset Alzheimer's.
Familial late onset. Protective. |
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What are Pick bodies?
- dz seen in? - different from alzheimer's tangles how? - other sx? - areas spared? |
intracellular, aggregated tau protein.
- Pick's dz (frontotemporal dementia) - Alz's tau is abnormally phosphorylated --> tangles, NOT really aggregated. - dementia, aphasia, parkinsonian aspects, PERSONALITY CHANGE. - parietal lobe and psoterior 2/3 of temporal gyrus. |
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Rapidly progressive dementia?
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CJD, spongioform cortex (vaculoes). a-helixes have turned into B-sheets that are resistant to proteases.
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What are senile plaques in Alzheimers?
- can cause what? |
extracellular B-amyloid core...
- amyloid angiopathy --> intracranial hemorrhage. |
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What type of support is critical until pts recover from Guillian-Barre syndx? why?
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respiratory support, b/c the dz may affect their autonomic fx.
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What is the pathology in PML?
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progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
- demyelination of CNS due to destruction of oligodendricytes due to reactivation of JC virus in AIDS pts. |
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What is Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis aka?
- basics of dz? |
acute POSTINFECTIOUS encephalomyelitis.
- perivenular demylemation post infection (VZV, measles) or vaccination (rabies, smallpox) |
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Metachromatic leukodystrophy?
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AR lysosomal storage dz, due to arylsulfatase A defc. sulfatide buildup leads to impaired myelin synth.
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What is Charcot-Marie-Tooth dz?
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hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy. Group of progressive hereditary nerve dis related to the defective production of proteins involved in the structure and fx of peripheral nerves or the myelin sheath.
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What is the cause of migranes?
-tx? (3) |
Irritation of CN V and release of substance P, CGRP, and vasoactive peptides.
- propranolol; NSAIDS; sumatriptan for acute migranes. |
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hypopigmented "ash leaf" spots = ?
Shagreen patches? - inheritance? |
Tuberous sclerosis = hamartomas in CNS, skin, organs.
- AD. |
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Port-wine stains (necus flammeus), typically in the V1 distrubution.
- what might you see that makes you think dz? (2) - if you saw those, which dz would this be? |
- ipsilateral leptomeningeal angiomas. Pheo's.
- Struge-Weber Syndrome. |
