Stem Cell

Front 1

Key characteristics

Back 1

1. Not terminally differentiated
2. Indefinite replication
3. Daughter cells not always identical(at least one always stays as stem cell; other becomes differentiated)

Front 2

Totipotent

Back 2

all differentiated cell types AND embryonic tissues

Front 3

Pluripotent

Back 3

becomes most tissues, but NOT embryonic tissues

Front 4

Multipotent

Back 4

becomes a few different cells, but usually in the within the same function(blood cells, bone, neurons)

Front 5

Unipotent

Back 5

becomes only one differentiated cell type

Front 6

Sources of stem cells

Back 6

1. embryonic
2. non-embryonic

Front 7

Embryonic

Back 7

1. from blastula(totipotent)
2. from blastocyst(pluripotent)
-hollow ball of cells
3. Become progenitor cells

Front 8

3 cases of progenitor cells

Back 8

1. Endodermal- liver, pancreas(other internal organs)
2. Mesodermal- bone, fat(connective and structural)
3. Ectodermal- Skin, nervous system

Front 9

Non-embryonic

Back 9

1. Indefinite replication
2. only multipotent

Front 10

Indefinite replication

Back 10

1. division is relatively slow(rarely divide)
2. generally replace cells
3. gives rise to amplifying cells
-rapid proliferation
-daughters divide set # of times then differentiate

Front 11

Non-embryonic cells are only multipotent

Back 11

1. blood cells- RBC or WBS
2. skin cells- Skin of hair or nails
3. can switch within progenitor(plasticity)
4. can switch btwn progenitors(transdifferentiation)

Front 12

plasticity

Back 12

1. hard to do
2. being able to switch within progenitors(bone to fat)

Front 13

Transdifferentiation

Back 13

1. harder to do than plasticity
2. switch between progenitors(from bone & fat to skin)