Std Pro Barber Chapter 9

Front 1

Alternating Current (AC)

Back 1

rapid and interrupted current, flowing first in one direction then the opposite direction. amps a unit measures the strength of an electric current

Front 2

amp (ampere)

Back 2

standard unit for measuring the strength of an electric current or the rate of flow of charge in a conductor; also called an amp

Front 3

anaphoresis

Back 3

Process of forcing substances into tissues using galvanic current from the negative toward the positive pole

Front 4

anode

Back 4

Positive electrode

Front 5

cataphoresis

Back 5

Process of forcing acidic substances into tissues using galvanic current from the positive toward the negative pole

Front 6

cathode

Back 6

negative electrode

Front 7

circuit breaker

Back 7

Switch that automatically interrupts or shuts off an electric circuit at the first sign of overload

Front 8

complete circuit

Back 8

the path of an electric current from the generating source through the conductor and back to its original source

Front 9

conductor

Back 9

any substance, medium, or material that conducts electricity

Front 10

converter

Back 10

an apparatus that changes direct current to alternating current

Front 11

desincrustation

Back 11

Process used to soften and emulsify oil and blackheads in the hair follicles.

Front 12

direct current (DC)

Back 12

constant current that travels in one direction only and produces a chemical reaction

Front 13

electric current

Back 13

the flow of electricity along a conductor

Front 14

electrode

Back 14

an applicator used to direct electric current from a machine to the skin

Front 15

electrotherapy

Back 15

electronic facial and scalp treatments

Front 16

faradic current

Back 16

alternating current that produces a mechanical reaction without a chemical effect

Front 17

fuse

Back 17

a device that prevents excessive current from passing through a circuit

Front 18

galvanic current

Back 18

constant and direct current, having a positive and negative pole, that produces chemical changes in tissues and body fluids

Front 19

ground fault circuit interrupter

Back 19

a device that senses imbalances in an electric current

Front 20

infrared rays

Back 20

invisible rays with long wavelengths and deep penetration; produce the most heat of any therapeutic light

Front 21

insulator

Back 21

substance that does not easily transfer electricity

Front 22

iontophoresis

Back 22

process of introducing water-soluble products into the skin through the use of electric current

Front 23

modalities

Back 23

currents used in electric facial and scalp treatments

Front 24

ohm (O)

Back 24

the unit of electrical resistance in an electric current

Front 25

polarity

Back 25

negative or positive pole of an electric current

Front 26

rectifier

Back 26

apparatus that changes alternating current to direct current

Front 27

rheostat

Back 27

an adjustable resistor used for controlling current in a circuit

Front 28

sinosuidal current

Back 28

alternating current used in scalp and facial manipulations that produces mechanical contractions

Front 29

Tesla high-frequency current

Back 29

thermal or heat-producing current with a high oscillation rate; also known as the violet ray

Front 30

ultraviolet light

Back 30

invisible rays, with short wavelengths and minimal skin penetration, that produce chemical effects and kill germs; also called actinic or cold rays

Front 31

visible light

Back 31

electromagnetic radiation that can be seen by the human eye

Front 32

volt (v)

Back 32

a unit of electrical pressure that pushes the flow of electrons forward through a conductor

Front 33

watt (W)

Back 33

the unit of power (amperes multiplied by volts), indicating how much electric energy is being used in one second

Front 34

wavelength

Back 34

distance between two successive peaks of electromagnetic waves

Front 35

disadvantages of ultraviolet rays

Back 35

1. May destroy hair pigment

2. Continued exposure to UV light causes premature aging of the skin

3. Continued exposure to UV light causes painful sunburn

4. Continued exposure to UV light causes a higher risk of skin cancer, especially for fair-or light-skinned individuals.

Front 36

UV rays are divided into these three categories

Back 36

UVA (tonic rays), UVB (therapeutic rays), UVC (germicidal rays)

Front 37

colors of the visible spectrum (in order)

Back 37

red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet

Front 38

light therapy is also known as

Back 38

phototherapy

Front 39

potential benefits of Tesla high-frequency current

Back 39

1. stimulated blood circulation

2. improved glandular activity

3. increased metabolism

4. increased absorption of nutrients and elimination of wastes

5. improved germicidal action

6. relief of congestion

Front 40

properties of infrared light

Back 40

1. Longer wavelength

2. Lower frequency

3. More penetration

4. invisible (60% of natural sunshine)

Front 41

ultraviolet properties

Back 41

1. shorter wavelength

2. higher frequency

3. less penetrating

4. invisible (5% of natural sunshine)

Front 42

ion

Back 42

an atom or group of atoms that has either gained or lost electrons and so has an electric charge

Front 43

resistance

Back 43

a material's opposition to the flow of electric current

Front 44

non-moving electric charge

Back 44

static electricity

Front 45

Proton

Back 45

a subatomic particle with a positive electric charge, located in the nucleus

Front 46

an instrument for measuring the rate of flow of an electrical current

Back 46

milliampere meter

Front 47

a subatomic particle with a negative electric charge

Back 47

electron

Front 48

a piece of metal, glass, or other conductor through which current enters or leaves an electrical device.

Back 48

electrode

Front 49

the influence a charged body has on the space around it that causes other charged bodies in that space to experience electric forces

Back 49

electric field