Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
sampled population
|
the population from which a sample is taken
|
|
|
frame
|
a listing of the elements that the sample will be selected from
|
|
|
parameter
|
a numerical characteristic of a population, such as a population mean (mew), a population standard deviation (lowercase sigma), etc.
|
|
|
simple random sample
|
(finite population) a sample selected such that each possible sample size n has the same probability of being selected
|
|
|
sampling without replacement
|
once an element has been included in the sample, it is removed from the population an cannot be selected a second time
|
|
|
sampling with replacement
|
once an element has been included in the sample, it is returned to the population. previously selected element can be selected again
|
|
|
sample statistic
|
a sample characteristic, such as a sample mean (xbar)
|
|
|
point estimator
|
the sample statistic such as Xbar, stdev, or Pbar, that provides the point estimate of a population parameter
|
|
|
target population
|
the population for which statistical inferences such as point estimates are made. important to correspond as closely as possible to the sampled population
|
|
|
sampling distribution
|
a probability distribution consisting of all possible values of sample statistic
|
|
|
unbiased
|
a property of a point estimator that is present when the expected value point estimator is equal to the population parameter it estimates
|
|
|
finite population correction factor
|
the term used whenever a finite population is being sampled. ignore factor when n/N less than or equal to .05
|
|
|
standard error
|
the standard deviation of a point estimator
|
|
|
central limit theorem
|
a theorem that enables one to use the normal probability distribution to approximate the sampling distribution of xbar whenever the sample size is large
|
|
|
stratified random sampling
|
a probability sampling method in which the population is first divided into strata and a simple random sample is then taken from each stratum
|
|
|
cluster sampling
|
probability sampling method in which a population is first divided into clusters and a simple random sample of the clusters is taken
|
|
|
systematic sampling
|
sampling method in which we randomly select one of the first k elements and then select every kth element therafter
|
|
|
convenience sampling
|
nonprobability method of sampling whereby elements are selected for the sample on the basis of convenience
|
|
|
judgement sampling
|
a nonprobability method of sampling whereby elements are selected for the sample based on the judgement of the person doing the study
|
|
|
interval estimate
|
an estimate of a population parameter that provides an interval believed to contain the value of the parmeter. point estimate +/- margin of error
|
|
|
margin of error
|
the +/- value added to and subtracted from a point estimate in order to develop an interval estimate of a population parameter
|
|
|
std dev known
|
the case when historical data or other information provides a good value for the population standard deviation prior to taking a sample.
|
|
|
confidence level
|
the confidence associated with an interval estimate. percent of intervals formed using the procedure.
|
|
|
confidence coefficient
|
the confidence level expressed as a decimal value.
|
|
|
confidence interval
|
another name for an interval estimate
|
|
|
std dev unknown
|
the more common case when no good basis exists for estimating the population standard deviation prior to taking the sample
|
|
|
t distribution
|
a family of probability distributions that can be used to develop an interval estimate of a population mean whenever the std dev is unknown and is estimated by s
|
|
|
degrees of freedom
|
a parameter of the t distribution. equal to n-1 where n is the sample size
|
