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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Statistical Inference |
- Using a random sample to draw conclusions about a population parameter |
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Discrete Probability Distribution |
- A collection of values of a discrete random variable along with their corresponding probabilities - Usually expressed in the format of a graph, table, or formula - Has 2 mathematical conditions that must be met 1. ∑P(x) = 1 2. 0 ≤ P(x) ≤ 1
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Histogram |
- A bar graph in which the horizontal scale represents classes of quantitative data values and the vertical scale represents frequencies. - The heights of the bars correspond to the frequency values, and the bars are drawn adjacent to each other without gaps. - Best graph to see the "shape" of the data. - Able to see how much variation there is in data. A histogram with a lot of variation will be wider than a histogram with less variation, assuming we are measuring items in the same units/scale - Also used to see outliers. |
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Pareto Chart |
- A bar graph for qualitative data, with the bars arranged in order according to frequencies. - Vertical scales can be frequencies or relative frequencies. - The tallest bar is always placed at the left in a pareto chart with subsequent bars in descending order. - Often used to identify the largest source of problems.
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Why is probability distribution important in stats? |
- They are used to model "the behavior" of random variables. |
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Experiment |
- Apply some treatment and then observe its effects on subjects. - Subjects in experiments are called experimental units. - Harder and takes more time / $ but better than observational study |
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Observational Study |
- Observing and measuring specific characteristics without attempting to modify the subjects being studied. |
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Qualitative Data |
- Data that consists of names or labels (representing categories) - Also called categorical or attribute data - I.E. Genders or shirt #s on pro athletes uniforms to replace name |
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Quantitative Data |
- Data that consists of numbers representing counts or measurements. - I.E. the weight of supermodels or the ages of respondents |
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Statistic |
- Numerical summery of a sample. - Sample -> Statistic
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Parameter |
- Numerical summary of population data. - Population -> Parameter |
