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5 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Null hypothesis and Alternative Hypothesis
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Null Hypothesis: no change
ex./ H0: the average birth weight is 104 oz Alternative Hypothesis: change ex./ Ha: the average birth weight is not equal to 104 oz |
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What is probability?
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the likelihood or chance that a specific event will occur (in a given trial)
Probability of event E, denoted P(E) always satisfies : 0 ≤ P(E) ≤ 1 •Range: 0 to 1 •0 –will never happen •1 –will always happen •The greater the numeric value of the probability the greater the likelihood (chance) the event will occur. |
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The complement rule
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The probability of an event occurring is 1 minus the probability that it doesn’t occur.
Example: •What is the probability a student selected at random from this class is female? (e.g., P = .92) |
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Additive rules
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First additive rule of probability –When two events (E1 and E2) of the same experiment are mutually exclusive
Second additive rule of probability –Given two events, E1 and E2, of the same experiment, if we seek to find the probability of the event “E1 or E2 ex./ slide 13 •What is the probability that the student chose 9 hours as the answer? •What is the probability that the student chose either 7 or 8 hours as the answer? (additive) |
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Multiplicative rule
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Multiplicative rule for independent events
ex./ •Probability of getting a heads on two consecutive tosses: P(heads toss 1) * P(heads toss 2) = P(X=2) = 0.5*0.5 = 0.25 |
