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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is A variable?
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is a characteristic that varies from one person or thing to another.
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what is A qualitative variable?
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is a non-numerically valued variable. (categorical variable)
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what is A quantitative variable?
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is a numerically valued variable.
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what is A discrete variable?
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is a quantitative variable whose possible values form a finite (or countably infinite) set of numbers. Each value can be graphed as a separate point on the number line, with space between each point.
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what is A continuous variable?
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is a quantitative variable whose possible values form some interval of numbers. The variable can take on infinitely many values.
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what is Data?
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Information obtained by observing values of a variable. Data is classified as qualitative data, quantitative data, discrete or continuous data depending on how it was obtained
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what are Classes?
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Categories for grouping data
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what is Frequency?
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The number of observations that fall into a class.
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what is Relative Frequency?
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: The ratio of the frequency of a class to the total number of observations.
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what is Midpoint?
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: The middle of a class.
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what are the 3 guildelines for grouping qualitative date?
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1 The number of classes should be small enough to effectively describe the data, but large enough to display the relevant characteristics. (Usually 5-20.)
2 Each observation must belong to one, and only one, class. 3 Whenever possible, all classes should have the same width. |
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whats a Lower cutpoint?
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: The smallest value in a class.
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whats a Upper cutpoint?
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: The smallest value that could go into the next higher class.
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what is a Midpoint?
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: The middle of a class; found by taking the average the upper and lower cutpoints.
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what is a Width?
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: The difference between the upper and lower cutpoints.
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whats a Frequency histogram?
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: A graph that displays the classes on the horizontal axis and the frequencies on the vertical axis.
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whats a Relative frequency histogram?
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: A graph that displays the classes on the horizontal axis and the relative frequencies on the vertical axis.
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whats a Bar graph?
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: Similar to a relative frequency histogram, but the bars do not touch. This is used for qualitative data.
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whats A pie chart?
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is a circle divided into wedge-shaped pieces that are proportional to the relative frequencies.
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whats A bar graph?
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is like a histogram, but the bars do not touch.
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