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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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permutation |
= n! / (n - r)! |
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combination |
= n! / r! * (n - r)! |
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elementary event |
single possible outcome cannot be further subdivided |
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compound event |
2 or more events occur in connection |
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mutually exclusive events |
two or more events are set to be mutually exclusive |
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collectively exhaustive event |
all possible outcomes |
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Random variable |
When the value of a variable is the outcome of a statistical experiment , that variable is a random variable
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probability function
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A probability function is a function which assigns probabilities to the values of a random variable. -All the probabilities must be between 0 and 1 inclusive
-The sum of the probabilities of the outcomes must be 1. |
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discrete probability function vs continuous
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If a variable can take on any value between two specified values, it is called a continuous variable; otherwise, it is called a discrete variable.
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Binomial distribution |
Variance = npq Mean= np P + q= 1 |
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Poisson distribution |
A Poisson experiment is a statistical experiment that has the following properties:The experiment results in outcomes that can be classified as successes or failures.The average number of successes (μ) that occurs in a specified region is known.The probability that a success will occur is proportional to the size of the region.The probability that a success will occur in an extremely small region is virtually zero.
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normal distribution |
de moiivre |
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probable error correlation of coefficient |
P.E. r = 0.6745* (1-r^2)/ square root of n limit of r= r +- P.E.r |
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rank correlation: spearmen |
= 1- [ (6 * summation of D ^2)/ (N^3 - N)] |
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methods of sampling |
1 random sampling method - simple random sampling - stratified sampling - systematic sampling - multi stage sampling 2 non- random sampling - judgement sampling - quota sampling - connivence sampling |
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standard deviation of the population |
= standard deviation / square root of n z= mean - mu standard deviation of population |
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standard error of standard deviation |
S= standard deviation/ square root 2n |
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Types of computer |
Analog: handles or process info which is physical in nature. ex: temperature, pressure digital: electronic computer |
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Positively skewed distribution
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A distribution where the scores pile up on the left side and taper off to the right
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Negatively skewed distribution
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A distribution where the scores pile up on the right side and taper off to the
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Symmetrical distribution
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A distribution where the left-hand side is a mirror image of the right-hand side
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Tail of a distribution
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A section on either side of a distribution where the frequency tapers down toward zero as the X values become more extreme
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Degrees of freedom
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The number of scores in a sample that are independent and free to vary with no restriction df=n-1
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z score |
a standardized score with a sigh that indicates direction from the mean + above u and -below u, and a numerical value equal to the distance from the mean measured in standard deviations
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Type 1 error
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Rejecting a true null hypothesis you have conclude that a treatment does have an effect when actually it does not
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Type 2 error
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Failing to reject a false null hypothesis the test fails to detect a real treatment effect
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Critical region
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the critical region consists of outcomes that are very unlikely to be obtained if the null hypothesis is true, the term very unlikely is defined by
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