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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Descriptive statistics
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the branch of statistics that involves the organization, summarization and display data
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Inferential statistics
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the branch of statistics that involves using a sample to draw conclusions about a population
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Qualitative data
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attributes, labels, nonnumerical entries
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Quantitative data
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numerical measurements or counts
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Nominal level of measurement
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Qualitative only. Categorized using names, labels or qualities. No mathematical computations can be made at this level
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Ordinal level of measurement
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Qualitative or quantitative. Data can be arranged in order but differences between data entries are not meaningful
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Interval level of measurement
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Quantitative. Data can be ordered and you can calculate menaingful differences between data entries. A zero entry simply represents a position on a scale, it is not an inherent 0. ZERO MEANS SOMETHING (0 degrees celsius)
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Ratio level of measurement
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Quantitative. Data can be ordered and you can calculate menaingful differences between data entries. A zero entry is an inherent 0. A ratio of two data values can be formed so one data value can be expressed as a multiple of another. ZERO MEANS NOTHING.
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Observational study
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study by observing
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Experimental study
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change a variable and observe result
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Simulation study
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machine/model produces situation or process
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Survey study
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ask people by phone, mail, etc.
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census
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count/measure of entire population
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sampling
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count/measure of part of a population
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random sample
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every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected
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simple random sample
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every possible sample of the same size has the same chance of being selected
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stratified sample
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population is divided into groups (strata) then a sample is selected from each
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cluster sample
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population is divided into groups (clusters) and sample is taken all members of one or more clusters, but not all
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systematic sample
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each member of a population is assigned a number, ordered, and a starting number is randomly selected. Sample members are selected at regular intervals from the starting number
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convenience sample
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consists only of available members of a population
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mean
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average of a set of numbers
n1+n2+n3+nx ____________ x |
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median
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middle # when data is arranged in order
1, 2, 3, 8, 10 =8 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8 =(3+4)/2=3.5 |
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mode
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data with highest frequency
2, 1, 2, 3, 4, 2 =2 (unimodal) AB,O, A, B, A, O =A,O(bimodal) 3, 4, 7, 2, 3, 4, 7, 2 =none cannot have more than 2 modes |
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modal class
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class with the highest frequency
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