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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Statistics
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a set of tools to collect organize, summarize, analyze, and draw conclusions from data.
(D) |
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What are the two branches of statistics?
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Descriptive and Inferential
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Descriptive statistics
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collection, organization, summarize, and presentations of data.
(D) |
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Inferential statistics
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evidence f/ samples to populations, uses probability to draw conclusions.
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Population
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consists of all subjects (human/otherwise) that are being studied
(D) |
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Sample
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group of subjects selected from population
(D) |
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Data
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values-answer to the problem(measurements/observations)
(D) |
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Variable
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a characteristic/attribute that can assume different values.
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Qualitative variables
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can be placed into distinct categories according to some characteristics/attribute.
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Quantitative variables
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numerical & can be ranked
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Name 2 different kids of quantitative variables?
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1. Discrete
2. Continuous |
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Discrete variable
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Book answer: the scale is made of distinct numbers with gaps in between
Class answer: assume values that can be counted (D) |
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Continuous variable
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assume values between any two specific values. They are obtained by measuring. Do not have gaps in measuring scale.
(D) |
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Name the 4 types of measurement scales?
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1. Nominal
2. Ordinal 3. Interval 4. Ratio-Ranked |
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Nominal
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No order or ranking
ex: Eye color, Religion, Major Field |
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Ordinal
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Ranked, no precise differences
ex: Grades, Rankings |
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Interval
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Ranked, precise differences exist, no comparison, no TRUE ZERO
ex: SAT, IQ, Temperature |
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Ratio Ranked
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Precise differences, comparison exists
ex: Age, Time, Height |
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Name the 4 times of sampling?
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1. Random
2. Systematic 3. Stratified 4. Cluster |
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Name the 5 types of graphs/charts?
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1. Pie chart
2. Histogram 3. O-give 4. Freq. distribution 5. Freq. polygon |
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What are the 3 types of Freq. Distribution?
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1. Categorical
2. Ungrouped 3. Grouped |
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Categorical
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only deal with qualitative data
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Ungrouped
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only quantitative data if number is small
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Grouped
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only quantitative data if number is large
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Histogram
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Vertical rectangles, class boundaries on x-axis, Freq. on y-axis
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Class boundaries
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Intervals of equal length that cover the range between the min and max without overlapping. Make sure to add to original number.
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O-give
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sloping graph, class boundaries on x-axis, frequency on y-axis (except you add up until the frequency max is total observation). First boundary start at 0.
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class width
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largest #- - smallest # = a # divide by observations
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Coefficient of variation
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standard deviation divide by mean(answer always in %)
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Chebyshev's Theorem
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used in any distribution. Find min % that fall in any interval.
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