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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Statistics |
Collection and analysis of data. |
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Probability |
Predictions or chance that something will happen. |
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Descriptive data |
Organizing and summary of data. |
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Inferential data |
Methods to draw conclusions about the data |
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Population |
Collection of people, things, or objects under study. |
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Sample |
Subset of a population. |
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Statistic |
A number that represents a characteristic of the sample |
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Parameter |
A number that represents as characteristic of the population. |
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Example of?
All math classes... |
Population |
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Example of?
One math class... |
Sample |
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Example of?
Class average in all math classes... |
Parameter |
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Example of?
Class average in one math class... |
Statistic |
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Accuracy |
Depends heavily on quality of sample, is the correctness of the data. |
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Representative sample |
Contains the characteristics of the population, not biased. |
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Variables |
Number or a category. |
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Numerical Variable |
Identifies variables using numbers |
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Categorical Variables |
Sets variables into categories. |
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Data |
Actual values of the variables. |
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Qualitative Data |
Data that is given in letters or word form. (Let x=) |
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Quantitative Data |
Data given in number form. |
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Quantitative Discrete Data |
Data that is the result of counting. (Number of books in a backpack) |
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Quantitative Continuous Data |
Data that is the result of measuring. (Weight of books in a backpack) |
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Mean |
The average of a set of data. |
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Charts |
Graphical method of displaying data. |
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3 examples Of charts most commonly used are.. |
Pie chart, bar graph, & Pareto chart. |
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Frequency |
The number of times a number appears in a data set. |
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Relative Frequency |
Frequency percentage or proportion that a number appears in a data set as it relates to the total. (1,2,1,1; 1 = 75% or 3/4) |
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Random Sample |
Everyone in the population has an equal chance of being selected. |
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Simple Sample |
Sample conducted in a simple way. (Drawing names from a hat) |
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Stratified Sample |
Population is broken up into groups, then a subset is taken from each group. |
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Cluster Sample |
Population is broken into groups, then one whole group is selected. |
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Systematic Sample |
Samples are conducted using a system. ( Random number determines starting point, then different random number is chosen to decide every other person to be selected after the start. ) |
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Conscience Sample |
Sampling down in a convenient way. (Sampling customers who come to the store) |
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Round Off Error |
Rounding at each step of solving an equation exponentially compounds an error in the result. Always keep at least 4-5 numbers after the decimal place after each step) |
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Nominal Measurement |
Qualitative data that can not be ordered. (Favorite movies) |
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Ordinal Measurement |
Data that can be ordered. (Quiz grades) |
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Interval Measurement |
Measurable data that does not have a starting point. (Temperature) |
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Ratio Measurement |
Data that can be written as a fraction. (Mean, Median, Mode) |
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Cumulative Relative Frequency |
Accounts for the percentage of 100 that a relative frequency is. ( The number 3 appears 5 times in a set of 20 numbers. It's relative frequency is 5/20. Before this recorded value, the number 2 was recorded with a relative frequency of 3 or 3/20. At this point the number 2 and the number 3 have combined to make up 8/20 numbers that have been recorded. Therefore the cumulative relative frequency of 3 is .40) |
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Histogram |
Bar graph style chart where the x axis represents the numbers in the data set and the y axis represents the frequency of each of theses numbers. |
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Mode |
The number that appears most often in a set of numbers. |
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Standard Deviation |
Number that expresses how much the numbers in a data set differs from the mean of the data set. |
