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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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statistic |
a numerical measurement describing some characteristic of a sample |
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parameter |
numerical measurement of a population characteristics |
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quantitive data |
numbers representing counts or measurements |
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weights of supermodels is an example of |
quantitative data |
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qualitative data |
can be separated into different categories that are distinguished by a label. They can be numeric or non numeric but the numbers can have no mathematical calculations done on them. |
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genders of pro athletes , number on a house on a street is an example of |
qualitative data |
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nominal |
level of measurement data consisits of labels, or categories only data cannot be arranged in an ordering scheme such as low to high |
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Survey responses yes, no undecided is an example of which level of measurement? |
nominal |
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ordinal |
level of measurement data can be arranged in some order but the differences between data values either cannot be determined or are meaningless |
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grades A,B,C,D or F are examples of which level of measurement? |
ordinal |
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interval |
level of measurement like the ordeal level, with the additional property that the difference between any two values is meaningful. However there is no natural zero starting point (where none of the quantity is present) |
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years 1000,2000,1776,and 1492 is an example of which level of measurement? |
interval |
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ratio |
level of measurement interval level modified to include natural zero starting point (where zero indicates that none of the quantity is present). for values at this level, differences and ratios are meaningful. |
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prices of college textbooks ($0 represents no cost) represents which level of measurement |
ratio |
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nominal consists of |
only categories |
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ordinal consists of |
categories with some order |
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interval consists of |
differences but no natural starting point |
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ratio consists of |
differences and a natural starting point |
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randomness |
plays a critical role in determining which data to collect |
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observational study |
observing and measuring specific characteristics without attempting to modify the subjects being studied |
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experiment |
apply some treatment and then observe its effects on the subjects |
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random sample |
members of the population are selected in such a way that each individual member has an equal chance of being selected |
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simple random sample (of size n) |
subjects selected in such a way that every possible sample of the same size n has the same chance of being chosen |
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random sampling |
selection so that each has an equal chance of being selected |
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systematic sampling |
select some starting point and then select every Kth element in the population |
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convenience sampling |
use results that are easy to get |
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stratified sampling |
subdivide the population into at least two different subgroups that share the same characteristics then draw a sample from each subgroup(or stratum) |
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cluster sampling |
divide the population into sections (or clusters) randomly select some of those clusters chose all members from selected clusters |
