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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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element
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a substance that ordinarily cannot be broken down chemically to form
simpler kinds of matter |
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amino acids
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one of 20 monomers that
form proteins |
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base
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any substance that increases the concentration of hydroxide (OH – ) ions
when added to a water solution |
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catalysts
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a chemical that reduces the amount of activation energy needed for a
reaction but is not a reactant |
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covalent bond
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a bond that forms when two atoms share one or more pairs of
electrons |
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DNA
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a double-helix-shaped nucleic acid
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atom
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the simplest particle of an element that retains all the properties of that
element |
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polypeptide
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a long chain of several amino acids
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organic
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a compound that is derived from living things and contains
carbon |
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polar compound
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a compound with one side having a negative charge and the
other side a positive charge |
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molecule
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a chemical structure composed of one or more atoms
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carbohydrates
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an organic compound present in the cells of all living things and
a major organic nutrient for humans |
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fatty acids
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a monomer that is part of most lipids
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hydrolysis
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the splitting of a molecule through reaction with water
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ionic bond
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a bond formed by electrical attraction between two oppositely
charged ions |
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nucleic acid
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an organic molecule, DNA or RNA, that stores and carries
important information for cell function |
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lipids
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a kind of organic compound that is insoluble in water, such as fats and
steroids |
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products
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a compound formed by a chemical reaction
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compound
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A combination of two or more elements or parts
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isotope
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one of multiple forms of a chemical element that has a different number
of neutrons than other atoms of that element |
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proteins
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an organic compound composed of one or more chains of polypeptides,
which in turn are formed from amino acids |
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condensation
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a chemical reaction, also called dehydration synthesis,
in which one molecule of water is produced |
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acid
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any substance that increases the concentration of hydrogen (H+) ions when
added to a water solution |
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reactants
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a compound or atom involved in a chemical reaction
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proteins
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an organic compound composed of one or more chains of polypeptides,
which in turn are formed from amino acids |
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condensation
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a chemical reaction, also called dehydration synthesis,
in which one molecule of water is produced |
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acid
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any substance that increases the concentration of hydrogen (H+) ions when
added to a water solution |
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reactants
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a compound or atom involved in a chemical reaction
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non polar molecule
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The opposite of polar molecule; does not have an unequal distribution of molecules
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