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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a solid?
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a solid has a definite shape and a definite volume, its molecules are tightly packed together and can only vibrate.
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What are the three main states of matter?
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solid liquid and gas
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What kind of solids are made up of crystals?
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Crystalline solids (salt, sugar or snow.)
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What is an amorphous solid?
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A solid where the particles are not arranged in a regular pattern. An amorphous solid does not melt at a distinct temp. (butter or plasic)
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What is a liquid?
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a liquid has a definite volume, but no definite shape, it takes the shape of its container.
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What are the particles in a liquid like?
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liquid particles are more loosely packed together and are able to slide past each other.
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what is a fluid?
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a fluid is a substance that can easily flow.
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What is the result of an inward pull among the molecules of a liquid that brings the molecules on the surface closer together?
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Surface tension
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What is a liquids viscosity?
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viscosity is a liquids resistance to flowing. A liquid's viscosity depends on the size and shape of its molecules and the attractions between the molecules.
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what is a substance that can change volume and shape very easily?
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a gas
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What are the molecules in a gas like?
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In gases, the atoms and molecules are able to move freely colliding frequently.
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What is the change in state from a solid to a liquid?
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Melting
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what is a substances characteristic temperature that it melts at?
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melting point.
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What happens when a substance melts?
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When a substance melts, the particles in the solid vibrate so fast that they break free from their fixed positions
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What is the change form a liquid to a solid?
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freezing
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What happens to the particles in a liquid when they freeze?
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When a substance freezes, the particles in the liquid move so slowly that they begin to take on fixed positions.
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What is the change form a liquid to a gas?
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vaporization
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What is vaporization that takes place on the surface of a liquid called?
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evaporation
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what is it called when a liquid changes to a gas below the surface of a liquid?
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boiling
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what is the temperature at which a liquid boils called?
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boiling point
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what is the change of state from a gas to a liquid?
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condensation.
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what is sublimation?
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sublimation occurs when the surface particles of a solid gain enough energy that they form a gas
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When working with a gas, it is helpful to know its:
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volume, temperature, and pressure
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Even at room temperature, the average speed of particles in a gas is...
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very fast
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What do gas particles do?
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They constantly collide with one another and with the walls of their container.
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What is pressure?
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The pressure of the gas is the force of it's outward push divided by the area of the walls of the container.
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When the temperature of a gas is increased at a constant pressure, its volume:
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increases
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When the temperature of a gas is decreased at constant pressure, its volume:
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decreases
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When the temperature of a gas is increased at a constant pressure, its volume increases.When the temperature of a gas is decreased at constant pressure, its volume decreases. This principle is called:
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Charles's Law
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Directly Proportional is when...
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A graph of two variables is a straight line passing through the origin.
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To convert Celsius degrees to kelvins (K), you add:
(it's a number) |
273
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When the pressure of a gas at constant temperature is increased, the volume of the gas:
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decreases
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When the pressure is decreased, the volume:
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increases
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When the pressure of a gas at constant temperature is increased, the volume of the gas decreases. When the pressure is decreased, the volume increases. This is called:
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Boyle's Law
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300mL x 20kPa =
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6,000mL x kPa
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250mL x 24kPa =
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6,000mL x kPa
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200mL x 30kPa =
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6,000mL x kPa
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Inversely proportional is when...
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The product of two variables is a constant.
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