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205 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Procedures may be physiologically stimulating when massage is applied
lightly strongly fast all of the above |
Lightly
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Tissue being compressed, lifted, rolled, and stretched describes:
petrissage rolling wringing |
petrissage
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The current scope of practice in Ohio prohibits:
colonic irrigation diathremy electrical device...look up the exact |
all the above
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What is sterilization?
Removal of most microorganisms Destruction of all forms of microbial life |
Destruction of all forms of microbial life
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Digital stroking is chiefly employed where?
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on the forehead and the spine
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Which of the following is not done during massage of the chest:
rolling palmar stroking digital stroking |
rolling
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a microwave is an example of
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diathermy
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Procedure that is indicated with locomotor ataxia
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kneading
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Tetanic contraction of a muscle may be created by
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strong vibration
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Palmar kneading is chiefly used on the:
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back, chest, and abs
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_________ and ___________ may be made to act directly upon a nerve trunks; this causes powerful stimulation of the peripheral nerves and all the nerve centers with which a nerve trunk is connected
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Vibration and nerves compression
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_______ _________ simply increases nervous irritability.
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Light percussion (direct stimulating)
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______ __________may cause such a great degree of nervous irritability that it exhausts the nerves thus producing a benumbing effect.
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strong percussion (direct stimulating)
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all of the procedures of massage produce a reflex effect
true or false |
true
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Light stroking, percussion, and vibration produce the most striking results for reflex effects, direct stimulating effects, or sedative effects?
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for reflex effects
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Pinching produces an anesthetic effect in the same way as ...
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strong percussion
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iv) Derivative friction and kneading produce a ________ effect
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sedative effect
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___________ ____________ diminishes the blood supply of the brain hence lessens cerebral activity
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Centrifugal friction
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fulling has little to do with the muscles it excites the nervous system and the surface circulation
true or false |
true
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In an ordinary muscle contraction the number of impulses received per second is ______; the rate of vibration required for producing tetnus must be as great or greater
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10 – 20
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________ acts chiefly on the superficial veins while petrissage and other forms of deep kneading act upon the deeper vessels as well
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friction
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Massage of the abdomen slows the pulse by raising the general blood pressure and diminishes visceral congestion
true or false |
true
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______ __________ produces dilation of the blood vessels which may even amount to paralysis
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Strong percussion
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_____ _________ causes contraction of the blood vessels of that portion of skin; if long enough it can produce dilation
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Light percussion
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_________ _________of the extremities may relieve portal and pulmonary congestion (what type and direction of procedure)
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Centrifugal friction
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Massage of the______ ______ act derivatively on the brain and spine
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arms and legs
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Massage brings an increased amount of blood to the surface this causes the blood to cool and thus heat is eliminated; massage also increases the activity of the sweat glands which also causes the body to be cooled through perspiration
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.
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The higher the temperature of the skin the more rapid heat dissipation will occur
true or false |
true
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abdominal massage raises body temperature
true or false |
true
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abdominal massage raises blood pressure
true or false |
true - slows pulse by raising blood pressure and diminishes visceral congestion
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which is an effet of heat hydrotherapy
increased or decreased circulation |
increased circulation
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which percussion would bemost appropriate to use to stimulate the interscapular area
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hacking and spatting
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massage is indicated in subacute
common cold pheumonia |
both
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using thermal treatment below freezing or above ____ degrees F. may damage tissues
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115
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the most important risk factor for breast cancer are
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genetic predisposition and age
unknown - look up the other one |
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which is a contagious skin condition
dermatitis exzema athletes foot |
athletes foot
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how many types of stroking are there
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4
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what are the most effective means of applying point percussion
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tapping and hacking
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light friction and ________ produce market sedative effects
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percussion
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a progressive loss of muscle fibers without any nervous system involvement is caused by
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muscular dystrophy
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what does kellogg recommend for muscular atrophy
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friction and petrissage
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a patient has pelvic pain, where should you do derivative friction
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lower back
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when would it be inadvisable to use nerve compression
atony inflammation |
inflammation
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when the lymph spaces and channels are affected
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the immune system is affected
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when treating swelling due to a dislocated knee, which technique is valuable
effleurage petrissage stroking friction |
effleurage
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what is a neutral bath and the desired temperature?
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soaking of the body in water that is between 92 F and 95 F, which is the average skin temperature. Used in hydrotherapy to enhance water absorption and kidney function, or to calm an overactive nervous system (usually recommended to patients experiencing anxiety, chronic pain, exhaustion, insomnia, and ner-vous irritability).
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one of the best ways to increase circulation to an area to promote healing is to ...
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alternate applications of heat and cold
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what are the effects of cold water
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1. improves circulation
2. stimulates nerves 3. awakens the functional activity of cells |
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what does a prolonged use of cold do to the body
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depressing effect on the body
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surface blood vessels contract and blood is driven to the interior part of the body is an effect from what type of application
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cold water
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contraindications for hydrotherapy
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cardiac impairment, diabetes, lung disease, kidney infection, extremely high or low blood pressure, and infectious skin diseases.
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temperatures above 98.6 are considered what?
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hot
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medium to warm termperatures for hydrotherapy are...
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92-96 degrees (slightly below body temperature)
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cool hydrotherapy is what temperature
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70-80 degrees
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55 degrees and below is considered what for hydrotherapy
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cold
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In resistive joint movements, who initiates the movement:
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either the patient or therapist
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Epigastric reflex stroking is indicated for:
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motor insufficiency of the stomach
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In massage, vasodilation and vasoconstriction of blood vessels is due to
reflex mechanical metabolic effects |
Reflex effects
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Which is a massage therapist in Ohio not legally bound to follow:
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AMTA Scope of Practice
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An example of disinfection is
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using alcohol to clean
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Swelling of one entire leg is usually caused by a pathology in
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a blood vessel
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A patient reports having whiplash and the brachial plexus is impinged. Which muscle is likely to be involved
pecs minor pecs major |
pects minor
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Which of the following muscles can entrap the brachial plexus
scalenes pects major deltoid |
scalenes
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_____ regulations should be observed in maintaining a clean massage facility at all times:
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board of health
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A progressive loss of muscle fibers without any nervous system involvement is cause by:
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muscular dystrophy
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A patient reports feeling strange sensations on the skin of his back, among which are numbness, tingling, and "crawling" sensations. Which combination of modalities would be indicated:
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Digital stroking, palmar stroking, passive touch
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When injured by trauma or infection, neurons of the CNS
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dont repair
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Having to follow fire safety codes and regulations are regulated by all of the following except
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Ohio scope of practice
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A patient reports having epilepsy. During the massage, she has a seizure. What should you do:
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remove all objects around her so she doesnt get hurt
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Hacking movements applied from the vertebral prominens to the occiput stimulates
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C1-C4
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In a patient with subdeltoid bursitis, the pain is worse if the arm is:
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abducted
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Rolling is especially useful for what parts of the body
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arms, legs, back, and hips
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A patient presents with edema in the ankles. The order of derivative massage should be
hip leg ankle foot 1 toes foot ankle leg 2 foot ankle leg hip 3 ankle foot toes leg 4 |
hip, leg, ankle, foot 1
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Somatic pain arises from stimulation of receptors in the skin or from stimulation of receptors in the
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muscles, joint, tendons, and fascia
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massage of the abdomen
increases heartrate decreases blood pressure slows the pulse increases pulse |
slows the pulse/also slows heart rate
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In this class of joint movements, both the patient and the therapist take equal part in the movement. Either may initiate the movement, although the patient usually does. This procedure acts vigorously on both muscles and joints:
assistive resistive active |
resistive
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When the lymph spaces and channels (lymphatic system) are affected:
1. the core body temperature is lowered 2. the immune system is affected |
2. the immune system is affected
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A client complains of constipation, which area should reflex stroking be done:
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abdominal
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It would be acceptable practice to massage a client when you have a contagious disease if you wear appropriate protective gear
true or false |
true
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To treat Bell's palsy, kneading should be done:
1. from the hairline to the maxilla 2. from the mandible to the hairline |
2. from the mandible to the hairline
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Friction has the least effect on which circulation
visceral peripheral lymphatic interstitial |
visceral
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Abdominal massage is NOT contraindicated with
suppuration prolapsed bowel |
prolapsed vowel
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A neurotransmitter that affects brain functions that control fine movement, emotional response, and the ability to experience pleasure and pain is:
dopamine epinephrine seratonin progesterone |
dopamine
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What should you do during a massage when you realize you have come in contact with a fungal infection
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stop the massage and thoroughly wash your hands
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Which massage procedure best directs oxygen and nutrients to the muscles
kneading friction stroking touch |
kneading
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the most effective massage procedure to produce a reflex effect is...
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vibration (cns and pns, nerve endings)
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the most effective massage procedure to produce metabolic effect is...
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kneading (exchange of nutrients, oxygen and waste
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all forms of skin disease are contraindicated in general massage except...
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chronic eczema
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name the 7 types of reflex stroking
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Interscapular C6-T1 (spinal anemia)
Axillary T2-T4 (lung congestion) Epigastric T5-T7 (stomach inefficiencies) hypopepsia Abdominal T8-T12 (constipation) Cremasteric L1-L3 (loss of rectal bladder tone) Gluteal L4-L5 (loss of rectal bladder tone) Platar S5-S6 (loss of rectal bladder tone) improve nerve innervation in lower extremeties |
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cremasteric reflex stroking is from what spinal nerve segment
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L1-3 loss of rectal bladder tone
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abdominal reflex stroking is of what spinal
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T8-T12 constipation
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epigastric reflex stroking is from what spinal segment
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T5-T7
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what is another name for friction?
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effleurage (light friction)
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what is the rate of friction
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30-180
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friction warms the skin and brings blood to the surface true or false
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true
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for derivative effects for pelvic pain apply friction where
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to the lower part of the back
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the AMTA code of ethics is enforcable by the state of ohio. true or false
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true
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ohio massage therapists are not legally bound to the...
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AMTA Scope of Practice
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petrissage is a form of deep kneading... what is the rate of application
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30 to 90 per minute
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what is locomotor ataxia
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the inability to control ones own body movements - kneading helps
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is circular friction done centripitally or centrigugally
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centripital
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hyperaesthesia is contraindicated with percussion true or false
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true - over stimulated senses
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histamine cause vasodilation or vasoconstriction
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vasodialation
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what technique would you use for insomnia
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passive-digital stroking-palmar stroking
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what is the function of the kidneys
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electrocytes, maintenance of acid base balance, regulate blood pressure, natural filer of blood and removal of waste
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Which of these is a physiological effect of passive touch:
1. Diminish swelling and congestion 2. Reflex influences upon the centers of the brain and cord |
2. Reflex influences upon the centers of the brain and cord
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The direct application of percussion to the spine is a most powerful means of:
1. Sedating vasomotor centers through reflex areas 2. Stimulating vasomotor centers and nutritive functions of viscera via splanchnics |
2. Stimulating vasomotor centers and nutritive functions of viscera via splanchnics
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What technique relieves pain by emptying the blood vessels and benumbing the nerves:
1. Petrissage 1. Pressure |
pressure
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pain, neuralgia, swelling and congestion are all therapeutic applications of
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pressure touch
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pain, neuralgia, sleeplessness, nervous irrability, hyperaesthesia, paraesthesia are all therapeutic applications of
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passive touch
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hypnotic effects upon the nervous system are physiological effects of
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passive touch
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stroking speeds arterial blood flow true or false
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false - slows arterial blood flow by way of the vasoconstriction of athe blood vessels
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digital and palmar stroking are therapeutic applications for a headache, true or false
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true
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what are the five forms of friction
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circular
spiral rotary centripital centrifugal |
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what is hyperemia
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bringing more blood to the surface - friction
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what is multiple sclerosis
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In MS, the body's own immune system attacks and damages the myelin. When myelin is lost, the axons can no longer effectively conduct signals.[4] The name multiple sclerosis refers to scars (scleroses—better known as plaques or lesions) particularly in the white matter of the brain and spinal cord, which is mainly composed of myelin
is an inflammatory disease in which the fatty myelin sheaths around the axons of the brain and spinal cord are damaged, leading to demyelination and scarring as well as a broad spectrum of signs and symptoms |
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for a sprain do derivative massage as soon as possible. true or false
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true
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muscles contain about how much of the body's glycogen storage
25 30 40 or 50% |
50%
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what is the best massage procedure for tingling, crawling, and numbness
digital stroking, palmar stroking, and passive touch |
digital stroking palmar stroking, and passive touch
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gersters is applied from the front and hoffingers is applied from the back of the neck. true or false
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true
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A group of simple parasitic organisms that are similar to plants but have no chlorophyll and live on ski or mucous membranes are:
fungi protozoa bacteria |
fungi
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Pressurized steam bath would be an example of what common asceptic technique:
sterilization disinfection sanitation |
sterilization
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A patient presents with chronic low back pain. Which muscle would be weak:
QL Rectus Abdominis |
Rectus abdominis
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In the first trimester of pregnancy what is contraindicated
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deep abdominal work is contraindicated
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_____ are minute, unicellular microorganisms exhibiting both plant and animal characteristics:
bacteria fungi protozoa |
bacteria
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All of the following are types of viral infections EXCEPT __
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syphillis
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One of the four physiological effects upon the nervous system, according to Kellogg:
Direct stimulating increased circulation |
Direct stimulating
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A low level of _____ is implicated in depression, eating disorders, personality disorders, sleep disturbances, and schizophrenia:
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seritonin
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which would be best for treating neuralgia (procedures)
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nerve compression and vibration
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_____ are parasitic organisms that thrive in a warm, moist environment. Molds and yeasts are examples
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fungi
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If a patient has emphysema, the muscle to address include:
1. SCM, scalenes, and pec minor 2. Diaphragm and pec major 2 |
1. SCM, scalenes, and pec minor
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Percussion, especially ______ and _______ is much used in conjunction with hydrotherapy:
Question 52 answers |
spatting and clapping
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The skin of a person who is suffering from heat stroke will feel
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hot and dry
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To relieve edema, the treatment of choice is:
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centripital friction
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_______ reports a large number of cases of diabetes mellitus in which great improvement was secured by massage:
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finkler
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massage especially abdominal massage increases the production of digestive fluids through its reflect effects on the glands and circulation of the stomach and intestines
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the increased removal of waste causes the tissue to demand more nutrients which will in turn increase the appetite
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massage of the abdomen for ____ minutes applied immediatley after eating wil diminish the length food remains in the stomach by 15 to 75 minutes
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10
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general massage will increase heat production but the body temperature will not increase...true or false
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true - this is due to the increase in heat elimination
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massage increases arterial tension...true or false
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false - does not increase arterial tension and does not accelerate the heart to the same degree as exercise
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general massage increases the rate and force of the hart beat as exercise does...true or false
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true
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define arterial tension
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the pressure of blood within an artery
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what are the parts of the autonomic nervous system
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parasympathetic - rest and digest
sympathetic - fight or flight the two divisions work together to maintain homeostasis |
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what are the three stimulating techniques
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vibration, percussion, friction
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what are the four sedative techniques
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gentle stroking, light friction, petrissage, and pressure
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longer sessions activate parasympathetic system and have a sedative and relaxing effect. true or false
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true
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shorter sessions activate the para sympathetic system and create an alert and energized state true or false
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false - they active the sympathetic system
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short massage increases epinephrine and norephinephrine levels...true or false
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true
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name some absolute contraindications
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uncontrolled hypertension, acute pneumonia, shock, tosemia during pregnancy
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The _______ system is the body's defense system. It is a series of vessels that transport waste products and foreign invaders through the interstitial fluid.
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lymphatic
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Interstitial fluid is crucial to the maintenance of cell and tissues. When interstitial fluid travels through the lymphatic system, it is then called lymph.
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Lymph is a colorless fluid that is full of lymphocytes (white blood cells) which are essential to fighting foreign invaders such as viruses and bacteria. It also contains salts, protein molecules, glucose and urea.
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what is the body's defense system called?
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the lymphatic system
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The lymphatic system runs parallel to arteries and veins throughout the body true or false
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true
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what does the spleen do?
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filters blood and gets rid of cellular debris
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what is a carcinoma
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originates in epithelial tissue
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T.S.Eliot, Pound, Yeats
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- The Moderns:
* saw God as dead * Man as hollow + unwanted + unsafe in an alien world. |
authors, Recognizing
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what is a sarcoma
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originates in supporting connective tissue such as muscle, cartilage, and bone
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what is lymphoma
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originates in lymphatic tissue
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what do lymph nodes do
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filter and fight infection
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the inferior vena cava collects all the blood from the legs as it returns to the heart. if a woman lies supine, the babys weight can compress this vein and restrict the mother's venous blood return.
this is why we position pregnant women in a modified supine or side-lying position. |
the digestive system gets crowded by the enlarged uterus. the intestine becomes displaced and both the stomach and diaphragm are pushed upward. foot reflexology can be used along the colon area
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what is parasthesia
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numbness and tingling
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______ is any info the therapist gathers from observation, interview, or assessment procedures and tests
objective subjective personal therapeutic |
objective
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________ info includes anythig the client tells the therapist such as present symptoms, aggravating conditions, or what makes it better or worse
objective subjective personal theraputic |
subjective
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bone against bone describes what range of motion
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hard end feel
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an abrupt restriction to a joint movement due to pain is called...
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empty end feel
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what is pallor
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paleness of the skin may occur in conditions of shock or anemia
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tissue weakness and hyperaesthesia - what technique
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deep kneading
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muscular weakness - what technique
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deep kneading
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sprains, fracture, convulsive tick, what technique
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deep kneading
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pneumonia, chronic pleurisy and pleural effusion are therapeutic apps for what
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percussion
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multiple sclerosis
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autoimmune disorder - progressive destruction of myelin sheaths in the CNS
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what is neuralgia
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attacks of pain along the entire course or a branch of sensory nerves
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tapping and hacking are the most effective means of applying point percussion. true or false
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true
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what is the therapeutic application for weak muscles
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point percussion
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abdominal massage slows the pulse rate by __________.
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raising the general blood pressure
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when food passes too quicky the procedure should be
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a massage 1/2 hour before eating
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in cases of diarrhea (food stays in too long)...
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massage should be applied soon after eating or within an hour after the meal for 10-15 minutes
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zabladowski said...
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massge breaks up impactions and stimulates peristalsis
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kellog said about massage for constipation...
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massage moves fecal matter through the colon
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anemia is a decrease in...
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red blood cells (oxygen carrying cells)
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massage leads to a brief rise in arterial pressure (force of blood flow) but not in
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arterial tension (force applied to vessel walls by the flow)
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raynauds is...
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a cycle of periodic vasospasm in blood vessels in the most distal parts of the body
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sciatic nerve damage diminishes the ability to...
flex the hip flex the knee extend the hip extend the knee |
flex the knee
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a patient is supine. you take his arm and lay it over his stomach. the movement of his arm is...
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medial rotation
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which percussion would be most appropriate to use to stimulate the interscapular area
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spatting and hacking
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inflammation and redness is a sign that ____________ are working to destroy harmful microorganisms that have invaded the body
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white blood cells
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Contraindicated fungal skin infections include:
herpes simplex warts athlete's foot all of the above |
athletes foot
herpes is a virus warts is a virus |
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All of the following are therapeutic applications of percussion except:
Lumbago Glandular enlargements Coldness of the extremities Constipation |
glandular enlargements
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Which is NOT true regarding the Code of Ethics for Massage Therapists as adopted by the State Medical Board of Ohio:
1. The officially accepted Code of Ethics is that of the American Massage Therapy Association 2. Ethical behavior reflects highly on the profession as well as the massage therapist personally 3. The AMTA Code of Ethics is not enforceable by law in the state of Ohio 4. Discrimination or prejudicial behavior towards patients or colleagues is unethical |
The AMTA Code of Ethics is not enforceable by law in the state of Ohio
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In performing centripetal friction of the thigh above an injured knee as a treatment, a therapist would be drawing mainly from:
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the derivative effects of friction
appliying procedure above the injury is derivative |
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A patient reports feeling strange sensations on the skin of his back, among which are numbness, tingling, and "crawling" sensations. Which combination of modalities would be indicated:
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digital stroking, palmar stroking, passive touch
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which is most sedative
passive touch petrissage |
passive touch
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light percussion causess
hyperemia pallor |
pallor
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the secondary effects of local cold application are
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increased localized circulation
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Which type of joint movement affects almost solely the joints, having only a very small effect on the muscles
passive resistive assistive |
passive
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_____ are minute, unicellular microorganisms exhibiting both plant and animal characteristics:
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bacteria
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what is psoriasis
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chronic autoimmune disease that appears on the skin. not contagious
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define code of ethics
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.
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The artificial cleansing and excretion of waste products from the blood is properly termed
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hemodialysis
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what is lumbago?
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severe lower back pain
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what are glandular enlargements?
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.
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What is the most beneficial for writer's cramp:
1 Frictioning the forearm 2 Digital kneading of the muscles of the back of the hand |
2 Digital kneading of the muscles of the back of the hand
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Thalidomide is bottled under pressure and used as a vasocoolant spray: true or false
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false
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The secondary effect of local cold application is:
1 Increased localized circulation 2 Decreased systemic circulation |
Increased localized circulation
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what procedure is most like skin rolling
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superficial kneading
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In patients with _____, the most appropriate form of massage done of the effected area is a massage taught by the Vodder School or other similar methods:
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lymphedema
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