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56 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What element is essential for life?
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Carbon
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The sun's light that we see today comes from the power of...
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Fusion
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The hottest layer of the sun's atmosphere is the...
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corona
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In 10 billion years, the sun will be...
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a white dwarf
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the outer boundary of a black hole is the...
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event horizon
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Which object has the highest surface temperature?
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a B-type white dwarf
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As a protostellar nebula contracts, what does it do? What does it NOT do?
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DOES: Spin faster, Flatten into a disk shape, Become opaque
does NOT: Cool down |
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Where are stars usually formed?
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Molecular clouds/the disk
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Which object has the largest radius?
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an M-Type main sequence star
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Which object has the greatest mass?
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a neutron star
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A Hertzsprung-Russel diagram can be used to determine a cluster's ________.
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Age
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The path of the sun across the sky over a year is called the _______.
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Ecliptic
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Stars appear to move across the sky during a single night because...
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The Earth rotates
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The date on which the sun crosses the celestial equator, moving from south to north, is known as the __________.
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March equinox
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A red star that is very luminous must be...
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very large
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The carbon atoms in your body were created...
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In the deaths of earlier stars
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Astronomers believe a liquid ocean lies beneath the surface of which moon?
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Europa
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Most stars that orbit the halo of the galaxy are also...
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stars with random orbits
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If Hubble's constant were larger than it is currently determined, our universe would be ______.
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younger
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What happens to a main sequence star as it ages?
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It's size increases. (NOT ITS MASS!!!)
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The largest apparent size of Venus occurs when it is in its _______ phase.
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crescent
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The absorption spectrum of star A is observed to have THICKER lines than that of star B. This means that star A has...
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a smaller radius
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Sunspots are ______ than the rest of the Sun's surface.
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cooler
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Where within the Sun is energy created?
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Within the central 25%
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A pulsar is a rapidly rotating ________.
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Neutron star
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A temperature of zero Kelvin is defined as...
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the point of zero atomic motion
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Hotter objects emit light _______ intensely and at _______ wavelengths.
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more; shorter
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Which is the only moon to have a significant atmosphere?
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Titan
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Which of the four fundamental forces of nature is the weakest?
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Gravity
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The density of dark matter has decreased over time because...
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the universe is expanding
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Metal-poor stars tend to be among the ______ stars.
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oldest
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Groups of closely-associated stars that form in the spiral arms of the Galaxy are called ________.
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open clusters
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If the Earth were located at 0.5 AU instead of 1 AU, how would the sun's gravitational force on Earth change?
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It would be 4X as strong
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The center of our galaxy is toward the constellation, ________.
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Sagittarius
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At the surface of the sun, the equator _________ than the poles.
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rotates faster
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More massive white dwarf stars are ______.
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smaller
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The laws of planetary orbits were formulated by ________.
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Johannes Kepler
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What can AND cannot be used to detect "exoplanets"?
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CAN: Infrared, Doppler shift, Eclipses
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A Cepheid variable star with a pulsation period of 50 days is ________ than one with a pulsation period of 10 days.
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More luminous
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The cosmic microwave background is leftover radiation from...
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the formation of hydrogen
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Where is dark matter primarily found?
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in the halos of galaxies
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Elements heavier than iron are primarily formed in _______.
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supernovae
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The most volcanically-active body in the solar system is ______.
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"Io"
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The Eddington limit gives the maximum luminosity that _____ can produce.
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accretion
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What can be seen in more places on earth, a solar or lunar eclipse?
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Lunar Eclipse
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What information do you need to know about an asteroid in order to determine how far away it is?
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angular size and linear size
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How much brighter is a lightbulb if it moves 4x closer to you? 5x?
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16x and 25x as bright
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Why does the earth have seasons?
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Because the earth's rotation axis is tilted
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Why do the constellations appear in different places each night?
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Because the earth orbits the sun
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An astronomer can determine a star's temperature by...
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measuring the brightest wavelength in its spectrum
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Absorption lines in a star's spectrum are caused by...
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Atoms only being able to absorb specific frequencies
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What is the densest object?
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Quark star
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What creates the spiral arms of the milky way?
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Uncertain
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Our universe appears to be ___.
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flat
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What were the conditions of the big bang?
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infinite density, small volume
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How will the universe most likely end?
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In the "big freeze"
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