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Effiency, reliability, fault tolerance & transparency

Goals of workflow analysis

True or false: a workflow that represents many discrete steps that the clinical users must remember individually is ideal

False.

An IHE key deliverable for digital imaging workflow design is to facilitate what?

Inter-operability

In the IHE model, imaging workflow is comprised of a hierarchical sequence of components:

a. Order - formal request for a specific or general service (usually referring provider)


b. Requested Procedure - fundamental work unit within an encounter (e.g. ct head)


c. Procedure steps - discrete and indivisible steps that comprise the procedure as an entity


d. Worklist - MWL = list of procedures and steps to be performed


e. Reports - result of radiologist interpretation

Not a hierarchical IHE component:


Post processing, order, requested procedure, worklist

Post processing

ANSI

American National Standards institute

Coordinates standards development for IT systems

Which org accredits SDOs

ANSI

What is one key deliverable for digital imaging workflow design according to IHE

Interoperability

What are SDOs

A consortium of industry, academia and govt organizations working to develop industry standards for IT

What are TAGS

U.S. Technical Advisory Groups to the Intl Organization for Standardization (ISO)

Name 2 important ANSI-designated SDOs in healthcare:

HL7 & NEMA (secretariat for the DICOM standard)

Electronic hardware standards are typically developed by:

IEEE (formerly Inst of Electrical & Electronics Engineers)

A set of conventions governing the treatment and formatting of data in an electronic communications system

Protocol

Networking protocols are set by:

IETF - Internet Engineering Task Force guided by IAB -Internet Architecture Board)

OASIS

Org for the Advancement if structured information standards. (Develops XML a& XML-related standards

The IHE initiative was formed by

RSNA & HIMSS

What is NTP?

Network time protocol (syncs clocks in computer systems)

HTTP

Hypertext transfer protocol

Transfers HTML content between client and server

Free, open standard for encoding structured data and serializing it got communication between systems

XML (extensible markup language)

DICOM is managed by


A. ANSI


B. SDO


C. MITA


D. IEEE

C. MITA (medical and imaging technical alliance)

Vendors must include a DICOM conformance statement in accordance with which section of the DICOM standard?

Part 2

Graph that reflects how many pixels of each brightness are in the image. Horizontal axis us brightness, vertical axis is pixels.

Histogram

T/F: Reducing window width increases contrast while wider windows reduce contrast.

True