St 108 Neurosurgery

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CERBROSPINAL FLUID

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WATERY FLUID PROTECTING THE BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD.

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BRAIN ABSCESS

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LOCALIZED COLLECTION OF PUS IN THE INTRACRANIAL REGION USUALLY OCCURING SECONDARY TO INFECTIONS OF THE MIDDLE EAR, NASAL SINUSES,FACE, OR SKULL, OR FROM CONTAMINATION FROM PENETRATING WOUNDS OR SKULL FRACTURES.

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MENINGES

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TOUGH, 3-LAYERED MEMBRANE PROTECTING THE SPINAL CORD AND THE BRAIN.

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ANEURYSM CLIP

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DEVISED PLACED ON AN ANEURYSM TO PREVENT HEMORRHAGE YET ALLOW COLLATERAL BLOOD FLOW.

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NEURO

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COMBINING FORM PERTAINING TO A NERVE, NERVOUS TISSUE, OR NERVOUS SYSTEM.

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SHUNT OPERATIONS

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PREFORMED TO TREAT HYDOCEPHALUS BY DIVERTING EXCESSIVE CEREBROSPINAL FLUID FROM CEREBRAL VENTRICLES TO OTHER BODY CAVITIES WHERE THE FLUID CAN BE ABSORBED.

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HEMATOMA

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TUMOR OR SWELLING THAT CONTAINS BLOOD.

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CRANIECTOMY

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INCISION INTO THE SKULL AND REMOVAL OF BONE IN ORDER TO TREAT CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS IN INFANTS.

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CRANIO

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PREFIX PRETAINING TO THE SKULL

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CEBERAL ANGIOGRAPHY

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INJECTION OF A CONTRAST MEDIUM INTO THE VESSELS OF THE CRANIUM FOR X-RAY, TO VISUALIZE ANEURYSUMS, TUMORS, OR OTHER VASCULAR LESIONS.

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SCALP CLIP

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DEVISED PLACED ON SCALP EDGE FOR HEMOSTASIS.

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MYELOGRAPHY

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CONTRAST MEDIUM IS INJECTED INTO THE SUBARACHNOID SPACE OF THE SPINAL CANAL TO VISUALIZE A HERNIATED DISC, TUMOR, OR OTHER ABNORMALITY.

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LAMINA

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THE FLATTENED PART OF EITHER SIDE OF THE ARCH OF A VERTEBRA.

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ULNA NERVE TRANSPOSITION

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INVOLVES SURGICALLY CHANGING THE POSTION OF THE ULNA NERVE WHICH HAS CAUSED PAIN AND DISCOMFORT BECAUSE OF TRAMATIC OR ANATOMICAL PROBLEMS.

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DECOMPRESSION

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REMOVAL OF PRESSURE.

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CVP (CENTRAL VENOUS PRESSURE) LINES

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LINES TO MONITOR PRESSURE WITHIN THE VEOUS SYSTEM.

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CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS

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PREMATURE OSSIFICATION OF THE SUTURES OF THE SKULL.

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GALEA

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EPICRANIAL APONEUROSIS WHICH CONNECTS THE BELLIES OF THE OCCIPITOFRONTAL MUSCLES.

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NUCLEUS PULPOSUS

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CENTER CUSHIONING OF GELATINOUS MASS LYING WITHIN AN INTERVERTEBRAL DISC (OR DISK).

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INTERCRANIAL ANEURYSM

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LOCALIZED ABNORMAL DILATION OF A BLOOD VESSEL IN THE SKULL; MAY BE DUE TO A CONGENITAL DEFECT OR WEAKNESS OF THE WALL OF THE VESSEL.

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MENINGOCELE

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CONGENITAL HERNIA WITH THE MENINGES PROTRUDING THROUGH AN OPENING OF THE SKULL OR SPINAL COLUMN.

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VENTRICLE

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ONE OF THE CEVITIES OF THE BRAIN.

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CARPAL TUNNEL RELEASE

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DECOMPRESSION OF THE MEDIAN NERVE BY REMOVING PART OF THE ROOF OF THE FIBROUS SHEATH OF THE TRANSVERSE CARPAL LIGAMENT, OR REMOVAL OF THE LUNATE BONE OR VOLAR CARPAL GANGLION.

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SPINAL NERVES

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31 PAIRS OF NERVES THAT CARRY MESSAGES TO AND FROM THE SPINAL CORD.

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COMPUTERIZED TOMOGRAPHY (CT) SCAN

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PRODUCES MULTIPLE SEQUENTIAL X-RAYS OF THE BRAIN, SPINAL CORD, OR OTHER AREAS OF THE BODY IN TRANSVERSE (CROSS) SECTIONS.

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CRANIOPLASTY

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REPAIR OF A SKULL DEFECT RESULTING FROM TRAUMA, MALFORMATION, OR A SURGICAL PROCEDURE; INVILVES COVERING THE DEFECT WITH SOME TYPE OF PROSTHETIC MATERIAL SUCH AS METAL, METHYL METHACRYLATE, SILICONE RUBBER, OR BONE AND CARTLILAGE.

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PNEUMONENCEPHALOGRAPHY (PEG)

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AIR INJECTED THROUGH A LUMBAR PUNCTURE INTO THE SUBARACHNOID SPACE, X-RAYS REVEAL OUTLINE OF THE VENTRICULAR SYSTEM AND SUBARACHNOID CISTERNS.

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TRANSSPHENOIDAL HYPOPHYSECTOMY

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REMOVAL OF THE PITUITARY GLAND OR PITUITARY GLAND TUMOR THROUGH A TRASSPHENOIDAL APPROACH.

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A-V MALFORMATIONS

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THIN-WALLED VASCULAR CHANNELS THAT CONNECT ARTERIES AND VEINS WITHOUT THE USUAL INTERVENING CAPILLARIES; MAY GIVE RISE TO INTRACEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE.

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ECHOENCEPHALOGRAPHY

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ULTRASONIC WAVES ARE USED TO DETECT BRAIN TUMORS, HEMATOMAS, SWELLING, OR ABSCESSES.

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AUTONOMIC NERVES

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PARASYMPATHETIC (CRANIOSACRAL) AND SYMPATHETIC (THORACOLUMBAR) NERVES THAT ARE CONNECTED WITH CONTROL OF INVOLUNTARY BODILY FUNCTIONS.

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STEREOTAXIS

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ACCURATE PLACEMENT OF A PROBE, NEEDLE, OR ELECTRODE INTO A SPECIFIC LOCATION IN THE BRAIN IN ORDER TO TREAT, BIOPSEY, OR DESTROY TISSUE IN THE TARGET AREA.

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LUMBAR SYMPATHECTOMY

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EXCISION OF A SEGMENT OF THE LUMBAR SYMPATHETIC CHAIN TO TREAT VASOSPASTIC DISORDERS AND SELECTED CASES OF PERIPHERAL VASCULAR INSUFFICIENCY; RESULTS IN INCREASED CIRCULATION TO THE LOWER EXTREMITIES.

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HYDROCEPHALUS

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INCREASED ACCUMULATION OF CEREBROSPINAL FLUID WITHIN THE VENTRICLES OF THE BRAIN RESULTING FROM AN INTERFERENCE WITH THE NORMAL CIRCULATION AND ABSORPTION OF THE FLUID.

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BUR HOLES / TREPHINATION

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HOLES ARE DRILLED INTO THE SKULL TO PREFORM NEUROSURGICAL PROCEDURES.

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TIC DOULOUREUX (TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA)

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NUEROLOGIC CONDITION OF THE TRIGEMINAL FACIAL NERVE, CHARACTERIZED BY PAROXYSMS OF FLASHING, STABLIKE PAIN RADIATING ALONG THE COURSE OF AMY OF THE THREE BRANCHES OF THE NERVE.

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PERIPHERAL NERVE REPAIR (NEURORRHAPHY)

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RESTORATION OF CONTINUITY OF A NERVEFOR REGENERATION OF AXON FIBERS FOLLOWING A PERIPHERAL NERVE INJURY.

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HERNIATED DISC

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RUPTURE OF THE FOBROCARTILAGE SURROUNDING AN INTERVERTEBRAL DOSC, RELEASING THE NUCLEUS PULPOSUS THAT CUSHIONS THE VERTEBRAE ABOVE AND BELOW WITH RESULTING PRESSURE ON THE SPINAL NERVE ROOTS AND PAIN.

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PITUITARY TUMOR

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BENIGN OR MALIGNANT TUMOR THAT PRESSES ON THE OPTIC CHIASM AND IMPAIRS VISION AND MAY CAUSE SYMPTOMS OF ACROMEGALY.

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LUMBAR PUNCTURE

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NEEDLE PUNCTUREIS MADE INTO THE SUBARACHNOID SPACE, USUALLY BETWEEN THE 3RD AND 4TH OR 4TH AND 5TH LUNBAR VERTEBRAE.