Ssu Clinical 1

Front 1

Prodrome

Back 1

an early or premonitory sign or symptom of a disorder

Front 2

mental disorder

Back 2

syndrome characterized by clinically significant disturbances in an individual’s cognition, emotional regulation, or behavior that reflects a dysfunction in the psychological, biological, or developmental processes underlying mental functioning.

Front 3

Syndrome:

Back 3

a grouping of signs and symptoms, based on their frequent co-occurrence (i.e., occurring together) that may suggest a common underlying pathogenesis,course, familial pattern, or treatment selection (DSM-5, glossary of technical terms).

Front 4

Pathogenesis:

Back 4

the origination and development of a disease (free dictionary)

Front 5

Dissociation:

Back 5

The splitting of clusters of mental contents from conscious awareness.

Front 6

Dissociative Identify Disorder (DID),

Back 6

in which a person may exhibit several independent personalities, each unaware of the others

Front 7

Malingering

Back 7

intentional reporting of symptoms for personal gain (e.g., money, time off from work).

Front 8

“Factitious Disorder

Back 8

intentional reporting of symptoms with the

Front 9

Derealization:

Back 9

an alteration in the perception or experience of the external world so that it seems strange or unreal (e.g., people may seem unfamiliar or mechanical).

Front 10

Depersonalization:

Back 10

an alteration in the perception or experience of the self so that one feels detached from, and as if one is an outside observer of, one’s mental processes or body (i.e., feeling like one is in a dream state).

Front 11

Help-rejecting complaining:

Back 11

the individual deals with emotional conflict or internal or external stressors by complaining or making repetitious requests for help that disguise covert feelings of hostility or reproach toward others, which are then expressed by rejecting the suggestions, advice, or help that others offer. The complaints or requests may involve physical or psychological symptoms or life problems.

Front 12

Intellectualization:

Back 12

the individual deals with emotional conflict or internal or external stressors by the excessive use of abstract thinking or the making of generalizations to control or minimize disturbing feelings.

Front 13

Suppression:

Back 13

individual deals with emotional conflict or internal or external stressors by INTENTIONATELY AVOIDING thinking about disturbing problems, wishes, feelings or experiences.

Front 14

repression

Back 14

memory of some sort has been EXPELLED from CONSCIOUS AWARENESS.

Front 15

Passive aggression

Back 15

The individual deals with emotional conflict or internal or external stressors by indirectly and unassertively expressing aggression toward others.
There is a façade of overt compliance masking covert resistance, resentment, or hostility.

Front 16

nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn

Back 16

nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn

Front 17

Devaluation:

Back 17

: The individual deals with emotional conflict or internal or external stressors by attributing negative qualities to self or others

Front 18

Idealization:

Back 18

The individual deals with emotional conflict or internal or external stressors by attributing exaggerated positive qualities to others.

Front 19

Omnipotence

Back 19

the individual deals with emotional conflict or internal or external stressors by acting as if he or she possesses special powers or abilities and is superior to others.

Front 20

Affect:

Back 20

a pattern of “observable behaviors” that is the expression of a subjectively experienced feeling state (emotion).

Front 21

Blunted:

Back 21

“significant” reduction in the intensity of emotional expression (e.g., very limited facial and/or body expressions).

Front 22

Restricted or constricted

Back 22

“mild” reduction in the range and intensity of emotional expression.

Front 23

Flat: “

Back 23

absence or near absence” of any signs of affective expression.

Front 24

Inappropriate:

Back 24

discordance between affective expression and the content of speech or ideation (e.g., the client is slumped over in her chair, but speaking as if she is euphoric).

Front 25

Labile:

Back 25

abnormal variability in affect with repeated, rapid, and abrupt shifts in affective expression (e.g., the client affect shifts from angry, happy to sad all within a matter of moments).

Front 26

Mood:

Back 26

a pervasive and sustained emotion that colors the perception of the world.
Common examples of mood include depression, elation, anger and anxiety.

Front 27

Dysphoric

Back 27

unpleasant mood, such as sadness, anxiety or irritability.

Front 28

Elevated:

Back 28

an exaggerated feeling of well-being, or EUPHORIA or EUPHORIC or elation. A person with elevated mood may describe feeling “high,” “ecstatic,” “on top of the world” or “up in the clouds.”

Front 29

Expansive:

Back 29

lack of restraint in expressing one’s feelings, frequently with an overvaluation of one’s significance or importance (e.g., the client may remark, “that’s an ugly baby”).

Front 30

Irritable:

Back 30

easily annoyed and provoked to anger.

Front 31

Magical thinking

Back 31

the erroneous belief that one’s thoughts, words, or actions will cause or prevent a specific outcome in some way that defies commonly understood laws of cause and effect. Magical thinking may be a part of normal child development.

Front 32

Synesthesia:

Back 32

: a condition in which a sensory experience associated with one modality occurs when another modality is stimulated, for example, a sound produces the sensation of a particular color.

Front 33

Synesthesias:

Back 33

a condition in which stimulation of one sensory or cognitive pathway leads to automatic, involuntary experiences in a second sensory or cognitive pathway.

Front 34

Derailment:

Back 34

(“loosening of associations”). A pattern of speech in which the person’s ideas slip off track onto another that is completely unrelated or only obliquely related. An occasional change of topic without warning or obvious connection does not constitute derailment.

Front 35

Tangentiality

Back 35

a disturbance in the associative thought process in which one tends to digress readily from one topic under discussion to other topics that arise in the course of association; observed in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia (the free dictionary). Expressions or responses characterized by a tendency to digress from an original topic of conversation, in which a common word connects two unrelated thoughts (the free dictionary).

Front 36

Flight of ideas

Back 36

“a nearly continuous flow of accelerated speech” with abrupt changes from topic to topic that are usually based on understandable associations, distracting stimuli, or plays on words. When severe, speech may be disorganized and incoherent. Strategy to differentiate “Flight of ideas” from Derailment or Tangentiality.
Flight of ideas is characterized by “a nearly continuous flow of accelerated speech.”
There is nothing in the definition for Derailment and Tangentiality that suggest “accelerated” speech.

Front 37

Echolalia:

Back 37

The pathological, parrotlike, and apparently senseless repetition (echoing) of a word or phrase just spoken by another person.

Front 38

Echopraxia

Back 38

Repetition by imitation of the movements of another. The action is not a willed or voluntary one and has a semiautomatic and uncontrollable quality.

Front 39

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Back 39

(1) autistic disorder or autism, (2) Asperger’s disorder, (3) Childhood Disintegrative Disorder and (4) Pervasive Developmental Disorder not otherwise specified. ASD is characterized by (1) deficits in social communication and social interaction and (2) restricted repetitive behaviors, interests, and activities (RRB’s). Because both components are required for diagnosis of ASD, social communication disorder is diagnosed if no RRB’s are present”

Front 40

Psychotic

Back 40

restricted to delusions or prominent hallucinations, with the hallucinations occurring in the absence of insight into their pathological nature.

Front 41

Psychoticism:

Back 41

exhibiting a wide range of culturally incongruent odd eccentric unusual behaviors and cognitions
including both process (e.g., perception, dissociation) and content (e.g., beliefs).

Front 42

Delusion:

Back 42

a false belief based on incorrect inference about external reality that is firmly sustained despite what almost everyone else believes and despite what constitutes incontrovertible and obvious proof or evidence to the contrary.

Front 43

overvalued idea

Back 43

the individual has an unreasonable belief or idea but does not hold it as firmly as is the case with a delusion.

Front 44

Hypothesis testing

Back 44

is a technique that is used to test the distorted cognition a client suffers from.

Front 45

Thought broadcasting:

Back 45

the delusion that one’s thoughts are being broadcasted out loud so that they can be perceived by others.

Front 46

Thought insertion

Back 46

the delusion that certain of one’s thoughts are not one’s own, but rather are inserted into one’s mind.

Front 47

Erotomanic:

Back 47

a delusion that another person, usually of higher status, is in love with the individual (e.g., a client is convinced that the CEO whom waved to him, in a friendly, nondescript manner, on one occasion en route to her office is madly in love with him).

Front 48

Somatic:

Back 48

a delusion whose main content pertains to the appearance or functioning of one’s body (e.g., their index finger is crooked when it is not).

Front 49

Delusion of reference:

Back 49

a delusion whose theme is that events, objects, or other persons in one’s immediate environment have a particular and unusual significance. These delusions are usually of a negative or pejorative nature but also may be grandiose in content (e.g., a severe thunderstorm is a sign from God (or prelude) of an impending disaster).

Front 50

idea of reference

Back 50

is the feeling that casual incidents and external events have a particular and unusual meaning that is specific to the person. The difference between an idea of reference and a delusion of reference

Front 51

Hallucination:

Back 51

a perception-like experience with the clarity and impact of a true perception but without the external stimulation of the relevant sensory organ.

Front 52

Auditory

Back 52

involves the perception of sound, most commonly of voice.

Front 53

Gustatory

Back 53

involves the perception of taste (usually unpleasant).

Front 54

Olfactory

Back 54

involves the perception of odor, such as of burning rubber or decaying fish.

Front 55

Somatic

Back 55

the perception of a physical experience localized within the body (such as the feeling of electricity).

Front 56

Tactile:

Back 56

involves the perception of being touched or of something being under one’s skin.

Front 57

Visual

Back 57

involves sight, which may consist of formed images, such as of people, or of unformed images, such as flashes of light.

Front 58

(hypnogagogic

Back 58

the false perceptions that occur during dreaming, while falling asleep

Front 59

(hypnopompic)

Back 59

the false perceptions that occur during dreaming, upon awakening

Front 60

Panic attacks

Back 60

discrete periods of sudden onset of intense apprehension, fearfulness, or terror, often associated with feelings of impending doom

Front 61

Unexpected (uncued) panic attacks

Back 61

the onset of the attack is not associated with an obvious trigger and instead occurs “out of the blue.”

Front 62

Expected panic attacks

Back 62

the panic attack is associated with an obvious trigger, either internal or external.

Front 63

Hypervigilance:

Back 63

An enhanced state of sensory sensitivity accompanied by an exaggerated intensity of behaviors whose purpose is to detect threats

Front 64

Paranoid ideation

Back 64

Ideation, of less than delusional proportions, involving
suspiciousness
the belief that one is being harassed
persecuted
unfairly treated

Front 65

Vigilance

Back 65

means watchful in respect of danger; care; caution (the free dictionary).

Front 66

“Pretraumatic Factors

Back 66

factors that may put one at risk of suffering from Post Traumatic Stress Disorder.

Front 67

Ego syntonic

Back 67

Aspects of a person’s thoughts, impulses, attitudes, and behavior that are felt to be acceptable and consistent with the self
concept (the free dictionary/medical/psychiatry).
For example, Anorexia Nervosa. Symptoms are congruent with the values surrounding appearance, etc.

Front 68

Ego dystonic

Back 68

Aspects of a person’s behavior, thoughts, and attitudes viewed as repugnant or inconsistent with the total personality (thefreedictionary/medical/psychiatry).
For example, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. Symptoms are not congruent with values.

Front 69

Psychosurgery:

Back 69

“any surgical procedure that attempts to alter, through manipulation of neural tissue, a thought or thought process that is associated with a psychiatric disorder… The most common psychosurgical procedures in use today treat anxiety, affective disorders and OCD., and include cingulotomy, subcaudate tractotomy, anterior capsulotomy and limbic leukotomy. Surgery for bipolar and schizophrenia disorders are usually considered only when these patients demonstrate a concurrent major negative affective component. Surgery for eating, psychosexual, drug abuse and impulse control disorders is generally not recommended…”

Front 70

Externalizing behavior

Back 70

“behaviors
characterized by an undercontrol of emotions –
include difficulties with interpersonal relationships
and rule breaking as well as displays of irritability
and belligerence.”

Front 71

Internalizing behavior

Back 71

overcontrol of emotions – include social withdrawal, demand for attention, feelings of worthlessness or inferiority and dependency”