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94 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the definition of Propaganda? |
Advertisements designed to persuade people to support a certain cause. |
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What was an "Ace" |
A pilot that had shot down 5 or more enemy planes |
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What was the RFC, and what did they do? |
The RFC was the Royal Flying Corps. They were the fighter pilots and the eyes in the sky. They observed enemies and reported back to the British. They trained in Canada |
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What were U- boats, and why were they so dangerous? |
They were submarines and they were dangerous, because they could travel under water without being seen or detected. |
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Why was Halifax so important to the war at sea? |
It had a protected harbour, giving it a strategic location |
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How did the Canadian government try to pay its debts? |
Through a combination of bonds, taxes and loans. |
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What was a Victory bond? |
Canadians would buy them and cash them in at the end of the war, receiving interest. |
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What was the income tax? |
Well off individuals had to pay 3% of their income, and large businesses had to pay 4%. It was introduced to help cover Canada's debt. It was supposed to be temporary during the war, but has remained active ever since. |
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How did the role of women change throughout the war? |
At the beginning, women had low salary, low skill level jobs in food and clothing industries, but as the war went on, there was a demand for labor, and women were hired as farmers, fishermen and more. |
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How did the change in women's roles lead to the right to vote? |
It strengthened the campaign for women's suffrage. |
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Definition of conscription, and who enforced it? |
The compulsory enlistment in the armed forces. James Borden set the laws on this. |
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Was conscription a part of WW1? |
Yes. At first, it was promised that there would be none, but after seeing how many people were needed in the battle of Vimy Ridge, it became mandatory to join the army. |
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What was recession? How did it work? |
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Who was the Opposition to Conscription and why? |
Mostly French Canadiens, because they weren't allied with the British. They had no Patriotic connection to the war. Farmers and Industrial workers were also against conscription. |
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Definition of Imperialism |
The acquisition of overseas territories |
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Definition of Colonies |
A group of people living in a town or place currently of previously under partial of full control of another country |
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Definition of Militarism |
Alliances that may have been against was for a short term, but failed to stop the build up of armies and military equipment. |
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Definition of Black Hand |
A secret military society formed on May 9, 1911. It had the aim of uniting all the territories with a South Slavic majority |
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Definition of Alliances |
When two or more groups join together to achieve a common goal |
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What was the Triple alliance? |
The alliance of Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy. It was a promise to support one another in the event of an invasion. |
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What was the Triple Entente? |
The alliance of Russia, France and Britain. It hoped to reduce the threat of war. These alliances had opposite affects, because one member could rely on immediate assistance if it was in need. |
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What was the Blank Cheque? |
A fatal error made by Germany; the promise of unconditional support for whatever action Austria-Hungary might take to punish Serbia. |
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Definition of Ultimatum |
The final statement of terms, if rejected will result in retaliation or a breakdown in relations. |
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Who was Sir Sam Hughes? |
He was in charge of the production of the armament industry, however he was a poor leader, and was stuck in confusion and inefficiency. |
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Definition of Nationalism |
The sense of intense loyalty towards one's own country and culture |
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What was the Ross Rifle? |
A very long and heavy rifle that didn't work well in wet conditions, all the soldiers hated it. Canadian made. |
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Who was the Lieutenant-General Arthur Currie? |
The first Canadian appointed to command Canadian troops. He brought an Canadian independent view to the British War effort. He warned his General that the casualties would be high, but Haig didn't listen. He helped the allies win the war, but too many lives were lost. |
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What is No Man's Land? |
The unowned ballet field of Trench Warfare. |
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What is Total War? |
A war with no restriction of the weapons, territory of militants used. A war with no rules. |
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What was Shell Shock |
Now called PTSD. |
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Who was Billy Bishop? |
He was Canada's top "Ace" with 72 kills. He was rewarded the Victoria Cross for his bravery. |
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What was the Halifax explosion? |
December 6,1917, when a French vessel carrying dynamite was accidentally hit by another ship. The explosion devastated Halifax's harbour and most of the city. Between 2000 and 3000 people were killed. |
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Definition of Enemy Aliens |
A foreigner living in a country that his home country is at war with. Ex. They moved to Canada from Germany, and Canada is at war with Germany. |
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What was the War Measures Act? |
It gave Canada’s government leaders almost complete control over society and civil rights without having to get approval from the Parliament and from the citizens.
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What was the Military Service Act? |
It was a controversial law allowing the conscription of Canadian men for service in the final years of the First World War. |
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Who were Suffragettes? |
They were members of women's organizations who advocated for women's right to vote in public elections. |
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What was the Wartimes Election Act? |
It was a bill passed on September 20, 1917 by Robert Borden it pushed Liberals to join the Conservatives in the formation of the Canadian Unionist government. |
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Definition of Censorship |
The prohibition of any parts of books, films, news, etc. that are considered obscene, politically unacceptable, or a threat to security. |
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Who was President Woodrow Wilson? |
Wilson proposed his famous 14 points as part of the Treaty of Versailles; his final point was the creation of the League of Nations. |
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What were the 14 points? |
They were a statement of principles for peace that were to be used for peace negotiations in order to end World War I. |
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What was the Treaty of Versailles? |
It was a peace document signed that brought an end to World War I. It was signed in the Hall of Mirrors in the Palace of Versailles, France, on June 28, 1919 |
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What was the Paris Peace Conference? |
The Paris Peace Conference was a conference organized by the winners of World War I to negotiate the peace treaties between the Allied and and the defeated countries. Most of the decisions were on who would have power over each place. |
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What was the League of Nation? |
Borden fought for a spot in this. It was made by the treaty of Versailles. This league was based on Collective Security. If one member was attacked, all members would help suppress the attacker. U.S. didn't join. |
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Who did the black hand assassinate, and who was the assassinator? |
The prince of Austria- Hungry Archduke Frank Ferdinand was assassinated by The black hand member Gavrlio Princip |
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What were warm water posts? |
Sought after water features allowed for trading all year long |
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Who was Roy Brown? |
He was credited with shooting down the enemy pilot Manfred Von Richthofen. |
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What were Merchant Marines? |
Civilian Ships and sailors that transported goods and supplies to the troops. |
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What were Merchant Marines? |
Civilian Ships and sailors that transported goods and supplies to the troops. |
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What was the Lusitania? |
The British passenger liner that was sunk, killing around 1200 people. |
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What were Merchant Marines? |
Civilian Ships and sailors that transported goods and supplies to the troops. |
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What was the Lusitania? |
The British passenger liner that was sunk, killing around 1200 people. |
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What was the Khaki Election? |
The nickname for the divisive Canadian election in 1917. It was called this, because the troop's uniforms were Khaki coloured. |
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Who were the Bolsheviks? |
A revolutionary group that overthrew the Russian government in 1917 |
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What were the final months of the war known as? |
The Hundred Days |
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What was the Spanish Flu? |
A deadly virus killing almost 22 million people after the war. |
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What was the War Guilt Clause? |
Germany had to agree to it in addition to their loss of land and repayments. |
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What was the War Guilt Clause? |
Germany had to agree to it in addition to their loss of land and repayments. |
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What was the nickname for the northern tip of Vimy Ridge? |
The pimple |
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What was the War Guilt Clause? |
Germany had to agree to it in addition to their loss of land and repayments. |
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What was the nickname for the northern tip of Vimy Ridge? |
The pimple |
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What was the Sainsbury Commercial? |
An emotional commercial played by English supermarkets about the war |
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Who was the Red Baron? |
He was Manfred Von Richthofen. The greatest Ace in the war, who shot down a total of 80 planes. In comics, snoopy is shown shooting his plane down. |
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What is U-boat short for in German? |
Unterseeboot |
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What battle was won after 3 French Defeats? |
The battle of Vimy Ridge |
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What battle was won after 3 French Defeats? |
The battle of Vimy Ridge |
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What gas was used for the first time during the Second Battle of Ypres |
Chlorine Gas |
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What battle was won after 3 French Defeats? |
The battle of Vimy Ridge |
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What gas was used for the first time during the Second Battle of Ypres |
Chlorine Gas |
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Who was Douglas Haig, and what did he do? |
This general used older war strategies, including the use of cavalry in the Battle of Somme. |
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What battle was won after 3 French Defeats? |
The battle of Vimy Ridge |
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What gas was used for the first time during the Second Battle of Ypres |
Chlorine Gas |
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Who was Douglas Haig, and what did he do? |
This general used older war strategies, including the use of cavalry in the Battle of Somme. |
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Who was General Arthur Currie, and what did he do? |
He lead troops through enemy gunfire and quagmires in the Battle of Passchendaele. Nearly half a million soldiers died in this battle. |
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What was the Bluebirds |
The nickname given to nurses in the Canadian Medical Corps because of their blue uniform. |
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What was the Bluebirds |
The nickname given to nurses in the Canadian Medical Corps because of their blue uniform. |
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What was the Schlieffen Plan? |
Germanys two-front strategy to declare war on and invade France. |
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What was Trench Foot? |
A painful condition that cause soldiers feet to swell and turn black |
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What was Trench Foot? |
A painful condition that cause soldiers feet to swell and turn black |
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Where and when was the Second Battle of Ypres fought? |
In the Belgian city of Ypres, located in the Flanders district in 1915. |
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How many Canadians were captured, killed or wounded in the Second Battle of Ypres? |
About 6000. |
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When was the Battle of Somme, and who lead it? |
1916, lead by General Douglas Haig |
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Why were quagmires so terrible? How did they affect the Battle of Passchendaele? |
Many soldiers and even horses drowned in them. They increased the casualties count by a lot. |
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What did Currie warn Haig about in the Battle of Passchendaele? |
There would be a high casualty count, but Haig didn't change his mind. The death toll was high, but the allies won the war. |
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How many casualties were there in Passchendaele? |
15,000 Canadians, and nearly half a million soldiers total. |
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What were Quagmires? |
Wet, soft land that gives way under foot. |
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In the Battle of Somme, how many Canadian casualties were there in the first hour, and in total |
700 men in the first half hour, 24,000 in total. |
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Who controlled Vimy Ridge before the battle, who tried to take it back before the Canadians, and when did the Battle start? |
The Germans had control of Vimy Ridge. The French tried three times to regain it, but failed. The battle was in 1917. |
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Who was the commanding officer chosen to lead this assault? |
General Julian Byng, a popular British officer. |
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Who were sappers? |
Army engineers |
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What advantage did the Canadiens receive in the Battle of Vimy Ridge, because of the weather? |
A strong wing blew snow into the faces of the Germans on the ridge. |
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When was the highest hill on Vimy Ridge captured, and what was it called? |
Hill 145 was captured one day after the war started. April 10th. |
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How long did it take the Canadiens to fully capture Vimy Ridge and win the war, and how many casualties were there? |
The war lasted 4 days, and was won by capturing the last German post "the pimple" on April 12th 1917. There were over 3500 men killed and 7000 wounded. |
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Who was the Commander in the Battle of Passchendaele, and who commanded him? |
General Arthur Currie was the first Canadian to command Canadian troops. He took orders from General Haig who was premiered because of his success in Vimy. |
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When was the Battle of Passchendaele? |
1917 |
