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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Why do we call the Native Americans Indians?
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Christopher Columbus sailed to west to find the East thought that he had reached India but actually in Caribbean.
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How long ago did man come to North America?
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between 14,000 and 30,000 years ago.
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How did early man come to North America?
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Ocean levels fell Early Asian peoples crossed this “land bridge” to reach America.
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VW – hunter-gathers
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searching for wild plants and animals to ea
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What happened when the Ice Age ended?
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Glaciers began to melt, rising ocean waters People & descendents began to slowly spread across north, Central, and South America.
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VW – Prehistory
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The time before written records
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Who were the first to record the history of Native Americans?
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Europeans who explored the Americas.
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VW – artifacts
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Objects made by humans to show how they once lived.
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How did Indians get horses?
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Europeans (Spanish) brought them to the Americas
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VW – pemmican
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Dried meat mixed with animal fat and berries.
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VW - atlatl
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A hand-held spear thrower stick about two feet long with a wooden hook
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What is culture?
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customs, ideas, beliefs, and skills of a people
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What European country comes to Texas first?
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Spain
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Caddo
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Farmers
well-organized government Large grass houses covered with grass thatch Grew corn, beans watermelons, pumpkins, squash Southwestern |
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Atakapans
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Dome-shaped brush huts covered with bearskins
Hunting was more important than farming Fished from canoes made out of hollowed logs Southeastern |
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Wichitas
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Farmers
Conical grass houses Had tattoos around their eyes. “Raccoon eyes” After fall harvest, they would follow the buffalo (nomadic) and lived in tipis Southeastern |
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Tonkawas
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Nomadic
Hunted buffalo Skilled hunters Tied wood to flatten the heads of their babies Friendly but were fierce warriors if needed Forced from their lands by the Apache & Comanche Plains |
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The Apaches
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Nomadic
Buffalo hunters Wore clothes made of deerskin and wore buffalo robes to keep warm Great horsemen Basketmakers Fierce fighters Plains |
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Comanches
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Nomadic
Hunted buffalo year round Ate pemmican Tipis made of buffalo hides Great horse breeders and horsemen Fearsome warriors Best horsemen Plains |
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Kiowa
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Similar to Comanches & Apaches
Buffalo hunters Wore animal skin clothes Lived in tipis Used pictrographic calendars Only Texas group to celebrate the Sun Dance Plains |
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Jumanoes & Tiguas
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Farmers
Lived in pueblos made of adobe Painted horizontal lines on their faces Used irrigation to farm First Native Americans to convert to the mission lifestyle Pueblo |
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Concho
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Ally of the Jumano & Tiguas
Grew corn, beans, and squash. Lived in huts covered with grass or animal skins. Wore little clothing during warm weather and painted their bodies Pueblo |
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Coahuiltecans
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Hunter-gatherers
Ate snakes, lizards, armadillos, spiders, insects…even Rotten Wood!!! Poorest of Texas Indians One of the first Texas groups to become extinct Gulf |
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Karankawas
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Nomadic
Used dug-out canoes Long bow and arrow Were very tall Lived in wood and brush dwellings that they could move Fished in the coastal bays Gulf |
