Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
social darwinism
|
biological evolution applied a scientific explanation for the development of life on earth
|
|
|
hobbswam, age of empire
|
|
|
|
wandervogel
|
movement led by FT Maren, the name adopted by a popular movement of German youth groups from 1896 onward. The name can be translated as migratory bird and the ethos is to shake off the restrictions of society and get back to nature and freedom
|
|
|
Nietzsche
|
Ubermensch "The Will to Power" people need to overcome themselves (equal rights are limiting) god is dead so people need to push society forward - provided the ultimate power against democracy; led to aristocracy
|
|
|
Alliances
|
Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy
Britain, France, Russia (feared imperialism) |
|
|
Balkans
|
Both Austria and Russia wanted land in the Balkans; the "black hand" secret society linked to the assassination of Franz Ferdinand (duke of Austria) possible catalyst for WWI
|
|
|
Age of Empire
|
thesis is that WWI was caused by an unresolved paradox implicit in the foundations of the new bourgeois classes, in their governments, and in the “schizophrenia of the capitalist world economy” that provided them with a luxurious standard of living supported by systematic abuse of workers
- aggravated by technology, naïveté (as evidenced in the poem), and idiocy. marx's prediction that capitalism would destroy itself came true in 1932 spread of economic recession, obsession with consumerism (materialism) |
|
|
Freud
|
theories on psychoanalysis "interpretive dreams" - directly challenges liberalism beliefs that humans are led by rationality
freud presents the new idea that humans are led by their subconcious |
|
|
Somme & Verdun
|
Two of the worst battles in human history
|
|
|
Results of WWI
|
1914 Generation was wiped out! (europe was no longer a progressive united nation), Russian revolution (lenin and bolshevicks wanted to destroy capitalism)
|
|
|
WH Auden
|
Age of Anxiety - summed up doubt and skepticism in his poem
|
|
|
Depression - years..
|
1929-1939 (capitalism in crisis)
|
|
|
Age of Empire ENDED
|
marx's prediction that capitalism would destroy itself came true in 1932
|
|
|
Wall Street Crash
|
October 29, 1929
speculation & buying on margin; crisis worsened because of laissez-faire capitalism |
|
|
Underlying causes of the crash
|
over production in western agriculture, post war economic crisis 1919-1924, versailled reparation system (demands germany to pay for war and take the blame, also creating hyper-inflation
|
|
|
Europes fragile recovery plan
|
Dawes plan 1924
USA gives money to Germany gives money to France and Britain who give it back to USA via short term loans failed due to inability to exchange currency |
|
|
Lausanne Conference
|
1932, looking for a solution to the problem with international trade
resulted in an agreement to suspend World War I reparations payments imposed on the defeated countries by the Treaty of Versailles |
|
|
Keynes
|
market needs money circulation, money flow was interrupted so the solution is that the government needs to act as the consumer and employer. "Deficit Spending." "Guided Capitalism." "Priming the Pump."
|
|
|
Fascism
|
rejection of gesellschaft (modernity) unity was the solution, totalitarianism denies all previous ism's and organizes society by lines of race or nation
|
|
|
Rejection of Communism
|
new belief is that the individual must sacrifice themselves - national led by charisma
|
|
|
Marx & communism
|
materialists, highlights class struggle
|
|
|
liberalism & fascists
|
fascists believed liberty led to disunity
|
|
|
America vs. Fascism
|
we believed in a hard work ethic and blamed ourselves NOT the government for failures
|
|
|
National Socialism
|
aka Nazism; took place in Germany because of its historical past (only Bismarck had succeeded previously); the economy industrialized very quickly and left people to govern (calvinism)
|
|
|
Versailles Peace Treaty
|
1919 - Germans faced war guilt clause
|
|
|
Weimar Republic
|
1919-33; caused inflation by printing out a ton of money to pay off war debt; this government was an experiment in democracy but failed the dawes plan (1924 USA demanded money back)
|
|
|
Hitlers Goals
|
Libenstraum (more living space, rearming, economic recovery) autarky (economic self-sufficiency), and a Volksgemeinschaft (a people's community).
|
|
|
Enabling act 1933
|
Gave hitler FULL legislative and budgetary powers allowing totalitarianism
|
|
|
Marshall Plan
|
solution to repelling communism and fixing the economy, US gained trading partners and gave 15$ billion to Europe for recovery
|
|
|
Russian Revolution 1917
|
The Bolshevik leadership signed a peace treaty with Germany in March 1918. Soon a civil war erupted between the Red and White (all non-Bolshevik) factions, which was to continue for several years, with the Bolsheviks ultimately victorious. In this way the Revolution paved the way for the USSR.
|
|
|
Cordon Sanitaire
|
a metaphor for ideological containment. France urged the newly independent border states that had broken away from Bolshevist Russia to form a defensive union and thus quarantine the spread of communism to Western Europe; he called such an alliance a cordon sanitaire.
|
|
|
Yalta Conference
|
Feb 1945: divides Germany into 4 zones of occupation (iron curtain) east & west
|
|
|
Potsdam 1945
|
Truman Calls for free elections in Eastern europe
|
|
|
Big 3
|
churchill, roosevelt, stalin
|
|
|
Truman Doctrine
|
policy of containment - providing military and economic aid to those countries threatened by communism
|
|
|
Berlin Airlift
|
1948-49, soviet blocked access to Berlin for 324 days
Berlin Wall - divided Germany |
|
|
Korea Division
|
north: communist
south: anti-communist |
|
|
The Red Scare
|
fear of communism, led to McCarthism (used against Democrats associated with "the new deal"
|
|
|
Europe - East
|
Council for Mutual Economic Assistance
|
|
|
Europe - West
|
NATO and European communist with US
|
|
|
Globalization
|
economic interdependence of countries via cross boarder transactions and modernization
|
|
|
David Ricardo
|
Comparative Advantage; a nation specializing in what is does best (what is can make with the lowest marginal cost)
|
|
|
Problems with Comparative Advantage
|
fulctuating prices, monocroping, plantations
|
|
|
Rail Predisch
|
Dependency Theory (rich are rich because the poor are poor)
|
|
|
Import Substitution
|
gain economic dependencece (Keynesian strategy to become self suffucient) -countries had the same amount of imports but less exports
|
|
|
Debt Crisis
|
OPEC: Organization of Patroleum exporting countries - same demand and less supply
|
|
|
International Monetary Fund
|
Intervenes when Mexico Defaults in 1982 - neo-liberalism wanted to let the invisibile things fix things
|
|
|
Asian Tigers
|
Taiwan, South Korea, Hong Kong & Singapore
|
