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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Franks
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-Germanic peoples
- conquered Roman province of Gaul in late 4th/early 5th century - farmers who lovd war - Frank=free - franchise(the right to vote) comes from Franks |
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Merovingians
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- ruled Frankss for almost 300 years
- when Clovis I died, he divided kingdom among children, who weren't great leaders - family then became infamous for treachery and muderous infighting within family -for next 2 centuries, they were weakened by treachey and kingdom fell to chaos |
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Clovis I
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-part of Merovingian royal family
- reigned from 481 to 511 CE - found FRance and named Paris capital |
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Carolingian Empire
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- Charlemagne's empire
-from 770 to 814 CE |
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Celts
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-forced out of Germany by Angles, Saxons & JUtes
-moved into Wales, Cornwall, Scotand, Ireland -celtic culture disappeared in Britain |
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Anglo-Saxons
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- Angles+Saxons
- farmers & warriors - skilled metal workers -suffered from viking raids -epic: long poem telling of heroic deeds |
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Irish
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- Celts practiced Druidism
-St.Patrick brought Ireland Christianity: healthy respect for learning |
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Bayeux Tapestry
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-tells of Battle of Hastings/William's victory through eyes of Normans
-Harold, English earl vs William of Normandy -Harold+William's vassal -KInd Edward dies -both Harold & William claim throne - WAR: -William: cavalry Harold: footsoldiers -William pretended to retreat; soldiers broke rank to chase after them; William charged through |
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Feudal System
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-William the Conquerer brought this Normandic feudal system to England
-began to take land away from english earls and gave them to Norman knights -based on 3 F's: fief,fealty,faith -source of wealth=land -gave land to nobles who swore an oath of allegiance in exchange: - serve in king's army for 40 days/ year - supply king with soldiers -serve in king's court(give advice) - give money |
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Vassals
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one who swears loyalty to a lord/monarch
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Battle of Hastings
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-marked point when mounted & armoured knights became powerful
-caused England's social & political reorganiztion through Norman feudalism - center of feudal life:manor -primarily military arrangement |
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Wergild
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-man money; value of a person in money
-must be payed when property stolen or someone is injured/killed |
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Serfs
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-peasants who worked on the lord's manor
-considered free, but not allowed to move away from manor -lords/rulers demanded resources from serfs -considered part of property |
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Charlemagne
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-part of Merovingians
- came to power in western europe 768 CE -Charles the Great -interested in rebuilding civilizations and had intelligence/power to do so -expanded empire -crowned Emperor of Romans in 800 CE by Pope Leo II - sent out missi dominicis: agents/lord's messengers who made sure people were treated properly -created single code of laws for whole empire -made things better for serfs -encouraged learning/art--- Renaissance |
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freeholders
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- person who owns his or her land
-serfs+freeholders= 90% of population |
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Renaissance
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-in french meaning 'rebirth'
-began in Italy 14th century |
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feudal contract
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-contract b/w lord
-lord of manor: tenant of noble who has inherited right ot run manor and profit from it |
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manor
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-self-sufficient place
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demense
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-land set aside for lord of manor
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bailiff
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-collected rents, supervised serfs & freeholders
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3 field system
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- 2 fields planted
- 1 field fallowed |
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fallow
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-ploughed and left unseeded
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troubadors
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singers
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obligations of lord/lady of manor
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-send knights to king
-marry & have kids |
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relic
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-item associated with saints; said to have great powers
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excommunicated
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-cancelling a oerson's member in church
-one of the worst things that could happen to someone |
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7 deadly sins
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-pride, anger, envy, greed, lust, gluttony, sloth
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Crusades(brief)
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-wars in which Christian Europeans fought againts Muslims for control of Holy Land
-holy land= modern day Israel -if fought in Crusade, you were secured a place in heaven and became a hero -people got bribed to join |
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Magna Carta
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- magna carta=the great chart
-barons rebelled against King John -so king was forced to sign so he wouldn't abuse his power -part of Canada's charter of rights and freedoms; law & government |
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ward
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orphan put into care of someone else
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Pilgrimage
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-pilgrims take long dangerous journey to holy place
-a way of making up for sins |
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Flagellants
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-a religious group which spreads idea that the plague was a punishment from God and self-flagellation would appease him
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Apprentice
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one who learns a trade by working for a master
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dub
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to make a person a knight
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heresy
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teachings that go against the church
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Sumptuary Laws
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-restricts the amount of food you consume, depending on your social status. ex. nobles get to eat more than peasants
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Salic code
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-monetary value on every property/person
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Humanists
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-people who were more concerned about human goals than spiritual matters
-believed in power of reason, not the bible -can choose own destiny |
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Printing technology
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-allowed books to be mass produced
-allowed middle class to have books as well -allowed more maps/music |
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siege
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-act of surrounding a fortified place to capture it
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tithe
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money given to Church- approx. 10% of income
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ecclesiastical
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having to do with the church
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Monastic life
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nunneries, monasteries, convents
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prosecute
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present evidence to prove someone's guilt
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trial by ordeal
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-basic concept: god would help innocent people
-put people through an ordeal (ex.swallow poison) to see if he/she survives |
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trial by battle
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-2 nobles/knights would fight until one died
-winner assumed innocent -women would choose someone to fight for her |
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Manor courts
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-most common court
-settled minor disputes |
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Royal courts
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-serious crimes (ex.treason, murder..)
-punishments more severe |
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Church courts
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-judged bishops deacons, priests, monks nuns, clerks
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Chivalry
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code of honor every knight swore to uphold
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Hundred Years War
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-struggle between England & FRance
-lasted from 1338~1453(115 years) -had long truces -much time spent pillaging and maneuvering -dispute about who should be king; French wanted FRench cousin of dead king, English wanted Edward the 3rd who was dead king's nephew -archers of England killed many, powerful -ruined and wasted energy -in the end, England only held Calais |
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moat
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A deep wide ditch, usually filled with water, typically surrounding a fortified medieval town, fortress, or castle as a protection against assault.
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porticullis
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A grating of iron or wooden bars or slats, suspended in the gateway of a fortified place and lowered to block passage.
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keep
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-heart/stronghold of a castle
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murderhole
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-A murder-hole is a hole in the ceiling of a gateway or passageway in a fortification through which the defenders can fire, throw or pour dangerous or noxious substances at attackers
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