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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What cancer has the highest incidence in the US?
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breast
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What is the cancer with the highest incidence in the world?
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cervical
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What cancer is deadliest in the US?
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lung
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Hereditary factors account for what fraction of all cancer?
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10%
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Mutations in what Specific Genes are Responsible
for Hereditary Risk of Cancer? |
MSH2
MLH1 BRCA2 BRCA1 |
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BRCA1/2 Mutations Increase the Risk of Early-Onset ______ Cancer
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breast and cervical
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Other Cancer Risks with a BRCA1/2 mutation
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Pancreatic Cancer
Colon Cancer Prostate Cancer Male Breast Cancer Melanoma and cervical cancer |
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Red-flags for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome:
Breast cancer before age __ Ovarian cancer at any age Bilateral breast cancer Both breast cancer and ovarian cancer diagnosed in the same individual ____ breast cancer _________ Jewish ancestry |
Red-flags for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome:
Breast cancer before age 50 Ovarian cancer at any age Bilateral breast cancer Both breast cancer and ovarian cancer diagnosed in the same individual Male breast cancer Ashkenazi Jewish ancestry |
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Breast Cancer - Symptoms:
Pain/Discomfort Lump/Enlargement I________ of the nipple Change in skin color Bleeding from the nipple |
Breast Cancer - Symptoms:
Pain/Discomfort Lump/Enlargement Inversion of the nipple Change in skin color Bleeding from the nipple |
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Breast Cancer – Prevention/Screening:
Diet Exercise Chemo-Prevention strategies T________ R_________ A________ inhibitors Prophylactic Mastectomy/Oophorectomy |
Breast Cancer – Prevention/Screening:
Diet Exercise Chemo-Prevention strategies Tamoxifen Rolaxefine Aromatase inhibitors Prophylactic Mastectomy/Oophorectomy |
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Tamoxifen is used for breast cancer prevention, but is assoc with higher risk for what cancer?
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Uterine
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Rolaxefine is used to prevent breast cancer in what age group?
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post menopausal
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What pts should get MRI?
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genetic carriers
younger pts |
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What is the Gail model?
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Predictor of pt's risk of developing an invasive breast cancer
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What does ER/PR Positive mean?
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how we would react to treatment
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What does HER2 positive mean?
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We can treat with Trastuzumab (Herceptin)
or anthracycline drugs (doxorubicin, epirubicin). |
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Lumpectomy and mastectomy are considered equal in preventing recurrence, so long as what other treatment is added to lumpectomy?
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radiation therapy
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Kaplan-Meier estimates of 10 year breast cancer mortality for Recurrence Score risk groups
Low risk: RS < 18 Intermediate risk: RS 18 – _? High risk: RS ≥ _? |
an-Meier estimates of 10 year breast cancer mortality for Recurrence Score risk groups
Low risk: RS < 18 Intermediate risk: RS 18 – 30 High risk: RS ≥ 31 |
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Options of therapy:
Chemotherapy: Adria____ Cytoxin Tax____ Gem________ X_____ N________ |
Options of therapy:
Chemotherapy: Adriamycin Cytoxin Taxanes Gemcytabine Xeloda Navelbine |
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Options of therapy:
Hormonal therapy: Tamoxifen Aromatase __________ |
Options of therapy:
Hormonal therapy: Tamoxifen Aromatase inhibitors |
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Aromatase inhibitors:
Ex________ Le_______ Ana________ |
Aromatase inhibitors:
Examestane Letrozole Anastrozole |
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Monoclonal antibody to Her2
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Herceptin
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Monoclonal antibody to VEGF
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Avastin
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Phase I Trials:
Do they test safety or efficacy? What is enrollment? |
Test safety of agent
Determine dosage Identify side effects Limited enrollment (20 - 80 people) |
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Phase II Trials:
What do they test? How many pts do they use? |
Assess effectiveness
Continue to collect safety information Limited enrollment (100 - 300 people) |
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Phase III Trials
What is enrollment? |
Compare new approach to commonly used treatments
Confirms effectiveness Monitors side effects Expanded enrollment (1,000 - 3,000 people) |
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Phase IV Trials:
Define |
Completed after drug or treatment has been marketed
Continues testing drug or treatment to evaluate effect in various populations Monitors side effects associated with long-term use Expanded enrollment (1,000 - 3,000 people) |
