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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Aneurysm
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Dilation of a blood vessel wall causing a weakness in the vessel’s wall;
usually caused by atherosclerosis and hypertension |
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Arteriosclerosis
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Hardening of the arteries, or thickening and loss of elasticity in the
artery walls, that obstruct blood flow; caused by deposits of fat, cholesterol, and other substances |
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Asthma
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Respiratory disorder characterized by difficulty in breathing and
wheezing due to constricted bronchi |
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Atherosclerosis
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Buildup and deposition of fat and fibrous plaque in the inner walls of
the coronary arteries |
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Bradycardia
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Resting heart rate <60 bpm
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Cholesterol
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Waxy fatlike substance found in all animal products (i.e. meats, dairy
products, and eggs) |
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Chronic Obstructive
Pulmonary Disease (COPD) |
A category of diseases of the pulmonary system characterized by
airflow obstruction that is not fully reversible (e.g. emphysema, chronic bronchitis, asthma) |
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Congestive heart failure
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Impaired cardiac pumping caused by myocardial infarction, ischemic
heart disease, or cardiomyopathy |
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Cuff hypertension
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Overestimation of blood pressure caused by using a bladder that is too
small for the arm circumference |
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CHD
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Disease of the heart caused by a lack of blood flow to heart muscle,
resulting from atherosclerosis |
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Diabetes
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Complex disorder of carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism
resulting from a lack of insulin secretion (Type 1) or defective insulin receptors (Type 2) |
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Diastolic blood pressure
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Lowest pressure in the artery during the cardiac cycle
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Glucose intolerance
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Inability of the body to metabolize glucose
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HDL-cholesterol
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Cholesterol transported in the body by high-density lipoproteins
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High-density lipoprotein
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Type of lipoprotein involved in the reverse transport of cholesterol to
the liver |
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Hypercholesterolemia
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Excess of total cholesterol and/or LDL-cholesterol in blood
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Hyperlipidemia
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Excess lipids in the blood
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Hypertension
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High blood pressure; chronic elevation of blood pressure
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Hypoglycemia
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Low blood glucose level;
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LDL-cholesterol
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Cholesterol transported in the blood by low-density lipoproteins
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Metabolic syndrome
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Describes a combination of cardiovascular disease risk factors
associated with hypertension, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and abdominal obesity |
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Myocardial infarction
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Heart attack
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Myocardial ischemia
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Lack of blood flow to the coronary arteries
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Myocarditis
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Inflammation of the heart muscle caused by viral, bacterial, or fungal
infection |
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Osteoarthritis
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Degenerative disease of the joints characterized by excessive amounts
of bone and cartilage in the joint |
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Overcuffing
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Using a blood pressure cuff with a bladder too large for the arm
circumference, leading to an underestimation of blood pressure |
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Pericarditis
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Inflammation of the pericardium caused by trauma, infection, uremia,
or heart attack |
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Peripheral arterial disease
(PAD) |
A series of disorders in which blood flow through noncoronary arterial
beds is inhibited |
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Prehypertension
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Systolic blood pressure of 120 to 139 mmHg or diastolic pressure of
8u0 to 8 mmHg |
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Pulse pressure
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Difference between the systolic and diastolic blood pressure
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Rheumatic heart disease
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Condition in which the heart valves are damaged by rheumatic fever,
contracted from a streptococcal infection (strep throat) |
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Systolic blood pressure
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Highest pressure in the arteries during systole of the heart
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Tachycardia
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Resting heart rate > 100 bpm
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Thrombophlebitis
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Inflammation of a vein often accompanied by formation of a blood clot
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Total cholesterol
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Absolute amount of cholesterol in the blood
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Type 1 diabetes
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Insulin-dependent diabetes caused by lack of insulin production by the
pancreas |
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Type 2 diabetes
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Non-insulin-dependent diabetes caused by decreased insulin receptor
sensitivity |
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Undercuffing
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Using a blood pressure cuff with a bladder too small for the arm
circumference, leading to an overestimation of blood pressure |
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Valvular heart disease
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Congenital disorder of a heart valve characterized by obstructed blood
flow, valvular degeneration, and regurgitation of blood |
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Ventricular ectopy
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Cardiac dysrhythmia marked by rapid, uncoordinated, and
unsynchronized contractions of the ventricles, so that no blood is pumped by the heart |
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Very low-density
lipoprotein (VLDL) |
Lipoprotein made in the liver for transporting triglycerides
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White coat hypertension
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Condition describing individuals who have normal blood pressure but
become hypertensive when blood pressure is measured by a health professional |
