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83 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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11. What three things does a simple electrical circuit consist of?
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Voltage Source
Conductor Load |
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12. What is the frequency (Hz) of AC power generated in the U.S.?
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60Hz
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13. What is the Ohm’s Law symbol for Current and what is its unit of measure?
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I, Amps
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14. What is the Ohm’s Law symbol for Electromotive Force and what is its unit of measure?
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E, Volts
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15. What is the Ohm’s Law symbol for Resistance and what is its unit of measure?
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R, Ohms
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16. What is the Ohm’s Law symbol for Power and what is its unit of measure?
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P, Watts
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17. All power plants worldwide generate __ phases of power.
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3
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18. In a 3 phase Y power system, how many conductors are there and what are their color codes?
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Green – Ground
White – Neutral Red, Black, and Blue - Hots |
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19. In a 3 phase Delta power system, how many conductors are there and what are their color codes?
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Green – Ground
White – Neutral Black, Red, and Orange - Hots |
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20. What is the tie in sequence when connecting camloks to your power distro?
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Turn off disconnect, Ground, Neutral, 3 Hots
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21. Once power is safely tied in, you are ready to start doing what?
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Metering Voltages
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22. On a 3 phase Y power system, voltage between a hot leg and ground should be?
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120 Degrees
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23. On a 3 phase Y power system, voltage between 2 hot legs should be?
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208 Degrees
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24. On a 3 phase Y power system, voltage between ground and neutral should be?
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0
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25. Name three manufacturers of power distribution racks for the entertainment industry.
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Motion Labs
Ramtech Applied Electronics ETC Leprechaun |
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26. What are two types of over current protection devices used in audio equipment?
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Circuit Breaker, Fuse
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27. What is the name of the device shown on midterm review?
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400 Amp Disconnect Box
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28. In order to maintain proper voltage transfer between pieces of equipment, your input impedance must be at least 10 times _______ than your output impedance.
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Greater
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29. What is the typical input impedance of a professional audio console?
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2000 Ohms
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30. What is the typical output impedance of a professional audio console?
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Line out 50 Ohms
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31. What does THD stand for?
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Total Harmonic Distortion
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32. What does IMD stand for?
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Intermodulation Distortion
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33. Define electronic “Dynamic Range”.
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Difference between the max output level and the noise floor
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34. Name two types of amplifier input connectors.
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XLR and TRS, Phoenix
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35. Name two types of amplifier output connectors.
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NL4
Banana Plug |
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36. Most amplifiers operate in two different modes, what are they?
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Bridged Mono
Dual Stereo |
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37. Name 3 types of internal wiring for drivers in a speaker cabinet.
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Series
Parallel Series Parallel |
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38. What two factors determine the impedance of a loudspeaker driver?
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Length and Gauge of the voice coil
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39. What are audio horns used for?
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Used to control the coverage pattern of speaker
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40. What are the three primary components of a Dynamic Microphone?
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Diaphragm
Coil Magnet |
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41. Name the 5 most typical polar patterns for all microphones.
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Omni
Figure 8 Cardiod Hyper-Cardiod Super-Cardiod |
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42. When using a cardioid vocal microphone, your monitor wedge should be oriented where in relation to the mic?
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180 Degrees off axis, or directly behind the mic
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43. (True/False) In a perfect world, every microphone would have perfectly flat frequency response.
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False
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44. Name two settings that a condenser microphone will often have on the mic.
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High Pass Filter
Pad Polar Pattern Select Switch |
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45. (True/False) Most professional microphones have an output impedance of between 50 Ohms and 250 Ohms.
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True
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46. Name 3 microphone accessories often used in sound reinforcement.
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Shock Mount
Wind Screen Stereo Mounting Bar |
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47. Name 4 stereo mic techniques.
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XY
AB NOS ORTF |
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48. Name 2 companies that manufacture touring splitter systems.
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Whirlwind
Ramtech Radial |
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49. How many times can an analog splitter split your input signal before causing signal degradation and impedance problems?
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3
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50. Name 4 types of audio signal splitting.
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Parallel
Transformer Isolated Active Digital |
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51. Which two forms of signal splitting are considered to be “passive” in nature?
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Parallel
Transformer Isolated |
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52. Name the 4 major components of a analog splitter system.
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Subsnake
Splitter Rack Multipin Cable Multipin to XLR Fanout |
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53. Name 3 things that an Audio Transformer can do.
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Increase or Decrease Impedance
Provide Electrical Isolation Convert from Unbalanced to Balanced |
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54. On a touring splitter system, the console that is to provide phantom power to the microphones must be connected to which split?
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Parallel
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55. Name three problems with analog splitter systems.
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Heavy Copper Cabling
Ground Loops Copper Acts Like Big Antenna |
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56. Name 3 ways you might fix a buzz or hum on a channel in your splitter.
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Lift Ground on Splitter Channel
Lift Ground on D.I. Change XLR or Subsnake Channel |
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57. Name two things you could use a direct output for.
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Multitrack Recording
Effects Send |
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58. Inserts are most often used for sending and returning signal from what type of effects?
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Dynamic Effects
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59. How many EQ filters do most professional consoles have on each channel?
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High Pass and 4 Parametrics
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60. Name 3 types of EQ filters found on most consoles.
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High Pass
Shelving Parametric |
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61. (True/False) Aux Sends take copies of input channels and Matrix Sends take copies of output busses.
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True
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62. Name three external devices you would typically send signal to from an Aux Output.
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Effects Processor
Monitor Wedge In-Ear Monitor System Recording Device |
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63. (True/False) Multiple channels can be mixed to 1 Aux Output.
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True
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64. Define the term “Audio Subgroup”.
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Post-Fader Unity Gain Send
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65. Define the term “Aux Send”.
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Pre or Post Fader Variable Send
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66. Name 3 practical uses for the Matrix.
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Recording
Subsystems (Delay Stacks, Center Fills) ALD (Assisted Listening Device) ___ |
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67. (True/False) Matrix Sends can be set to Pre or Post Fader just like Auxes.
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True
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68. Why do we have an internal oscillator on our consoles?
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Component Testing
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69. What does the term VCA stand for and how is it used?
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Voltage Controlled Amplifier – Used as a remote control for other input faders
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70. What does a Mute Group do?
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Mutes multiple channels with 1 button press
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71. (True/False) An audio console should only have one power supply connected to it at any given time.
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False – Always have 2 power supplies
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72. Name 3 digital consoles (Model Names).
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PM5D
Venue M7CL D5 XL8 |
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73. Most digital consoles have their inputs and outputs in external racks called the…
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Front of House and Stage Rack
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74. Define the term “Soft Patching”.
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The ability to assign any XLR input to any fader
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75. One of the biggest benefits of digital consoles is that they have ___________ and _____ on every channel.
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Compressors, Gates
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76. Define the term “Virtual Soundcheck”.
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Sound-checking with multi-track recording instead of a band
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77. (True/False) You can still use your outboard FX processors with a digital console?
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True
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78. What does the fader flip function allow an engineer to do?
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Mix Monitors with faders instead of knobs
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79. Name 3 ways that you can store the settings on a digital console (types of media).
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USB Key
Consoles Internal Hard Drive Compact Flash Card |
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80. What does the term “Stem” recording refer to?
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Recording Sub Groups
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81. Name the three ways that you can make a 2-Track board mix from your console.
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Matrix Copy of Stereo Buss
Post Fader Aux Sends From a second stereo buss |
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82. Define “Attack Time” as it relates to the Envelope of Sound.
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The amount of time it takes a signal to reach max amplitude
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83. Define “Sustain Time” as it relates to the Envelope of Sound.
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The amount of time a signal holds at max amplitude
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84. Define “Decay Time” as it relates to the Envelope of Sound.
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The amount of time it takes for a signal to decay by 60dB (Same as RT 60)
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85. Draw a picture showing the Envelope of Sound and lebel each of the three sections.
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a
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86. What does dBFS stand for?
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Decible Full Scale
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87. Name the 5 parameters of a compressor.
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***Threshold, Ratio, Attack, Release, Output Gain
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88. What two signals does a compressor graph compare?
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Input level vs. output level
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89. Limiters are defined as any compressor with an ___ or higher ratio setting.
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8:1
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90. Where in the signal flow chain are limiters used most often in sound reinforcement?
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At the crossover outputs
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91. What are the 5 parameters of a gate?
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***Threshold, Range, Attack, Hold, Release
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92. What does the range (or depth) control do on a gate.
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***Very Specific – The amount of gain reduction when the gate is fully closed
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94. Name the 4 primary ways to create artificial revereration.
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Spring
Chamber Digital |
