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50 Cards in this Set
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anarchosyndicalism
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(anarchism) - political theory which explains that human beings are rational and do not need a ruler to tell them what to do. Government is bad and drains people’s money, favors middle class, etc. Wanted to remove government; posed a defiant threat to European government.
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dreyfus affair
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(1894-1906) - began with Captain Alfred Dreyfus, a Jew on the French General staff. Came to attention that secrets were being released. Captain Henry insisted that Dreyfus had done it, and Henry had the penis support of ranking officials that Dreyfus had done it. Because Dreyfus was a Jew. Major Esterhazy was heavily in debt and was paid to pass the secrets (so it was actually him). Despite evidence that showed Dreyfus was innocent, he was convicted of treason and sent to Devil’s Island.
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irredentism
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wanting to restore a country; people of one ethnicity under the control of another ethnicity; Ex: Italians under Austrians
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The Influence of Sea Power on History
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1600-1783- written by Alfred Thayer Mahan; said that no country can be powerful without a great Navy. This book became a best-seller amongst military planners. Influenced the Germans
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The Balkans
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poorest part of Europe; least industrialized. Serbia was a Balkan nation
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Emperor Wilhelm II
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(reigned 1888-1918) - the last German Emperor (Kaiser) and King of Prussia, ruling the German Empire and the Kingdom of Prussia. He was called “the first warlord”. Lack of diplomatic instinct, always ready for a fight.
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Arms race
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(1889-1914)-“Silent War”; the West went into an unwritten race to see who could build the best Navy the fastest.
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Schlieffen Plan
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(1907)- plan for the Germans to come across the Rhine River and destroy the French army
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First Battle of the Marne
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(Aug., 1914)- French fought savagely using machine guns and stopped the German army; the war movement became French warfare
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Richard von Kraft-Ebing
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(1840-1902) - Austro–German psychiatrist and author of the seminal work Psychopathia Sexualis.
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Josef Breuer
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(1842-1925)- Austrian physician who made key discoveries in neurophysiology, and whose work with a patient known as Anna O. developed the talking cure and laid the foundation to psychoanalysis as developed by his protégé Sigmund Freud
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super ego
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the mind’s policemen
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ego
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reality principle
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id
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the instinctual part of the human brain (the libido acts through the id)
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libido
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refers to a person's overall sexual drive
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Versailles Conference
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(1919)- peace conference; Woodrow Wilson went to the conference himself (didn’t take members of the republican party)
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President Woodrow Wilson
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(1856-1924)- realized the U.S. was losing billions of dollars as the German were sinking their ships; decided to enter the war in April of 1917; “War to End War”
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War Guilt Clause
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all the blame was put on Germany; Germany had to pay reparations
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Reparations
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damages on a large scale
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League covenat
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a contract signed by the countries involved in the war; treated it as almost sacred.
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Collective security
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whenever there was one very powerful nation, all other nations would band together to balance it out. Wilson said that never works. So he said it would be an agreement: If one country gets out of line, the other countries would check in on them (”League of Nations”).
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Benito Mussolini
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(1883-1945) - founder of Fascism and leader of Italy from 1922 to 1943. He allied Italy with Nazi Germany and Japan in World War Two
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Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
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(1918) - Germans insisted Russians turn over all agricultural products to German- in exchange for peace.
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Joseph Stalin
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(1879-1953) - leader of the Soviet Union from the mid-1920s until his death in 1953.
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Marshal Plan
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(1947)- the American program to aid Europe, in which the United States gave economic support to help rebuild European economies after the end of World War II in order to prevent the spread of Soviet Communism
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Eduard Manet
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(1832-1883) - artist famous for painting realism in a new way. He portrayed everyday French men and women. For example, “Olympia” (1863) and “Follie’s Bourglers”.
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Renaissance window
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- the artist’s attempt to make the viewer see exactly what he wants him or her to see; physically realistic rendering of what the artist sees
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Edgar Degas
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(1834-1917)- painted ballerinas, as well as the real social commentary (Glass of Absenthe)
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Camille Saint Saens
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(1835-1921)- First known composer of film music (1908)
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Auguste and Louis Lumiere
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(1862-1954, 1864-1948)- First people who put on a viewing of a movie, there was a musical group there
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Scott Joplin
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(1868-1917)- Ragtime composer, immediately popular, general audience, bypassed the intellectuals, came from pleasure palaces, opium dens, brothels, gambling dens; A very different background than the music of the 19th century
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Igor Stravinsky
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(1882-1971)- Russian composer
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George Gershwin
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(1898-1937)- First composer to blend concert hall and American jazz/blues tradition (rhapsody in Blue 1924)
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Aaron Copland
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(1900-1990)- In response to the Nazi and Japanese attacks created the Fanfare for the Common Man (1942)
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Ostinato
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Music helps to propel a scene forward
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Stinger
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A chord to underline a serious or profound plot point
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Mickey Mousing
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Animating, the music underlies by imitating the action on the scene
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Ragtime
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the most popular music in the first years of the 20th century; Scott Joplin wrote Ragtime music
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Jazz
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Improvisational music; accepted unlike Rock and Roll
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HUAC
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House Un-American Activities Committee; an investigative committee of the United States House of Representatives. It was created in 1938 to investigate alleged disloyalty and subversive activities on the part of private citizens, public employees, and those organizations suspected of having Communist ties.
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The Blackboard Jungle
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(1955) - a 1955 social commentary film about teachers in an inner-city school. A new English teacher at a violent, unruly inner-city school is determined to do his job, despite resistance from both students and faculty.
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Juvenile delinquency
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juvenile offending, or youth crime, is participation in illegal behavior by minors (juveniles) (individuals younger than the statutory age of majority).
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Gregor Samsa
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main character in The Metamorphosis; turns into a bug
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Ungezeifer
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"vermin"; from Metamorphosis
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The Trial
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novel written by Franz Kafka in 1914 and 1915 but not published until 1925. One of Kafka's best-known works, it tells the story of a man arrested and prosecuted by a remote, inaccessible authority, with the nature of his crime revealed to neither him nor the reader
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Miles Bennell
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the man who tells the story of Invasion of the Body Snatchers
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Seed Pods
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duplicates of real people emerge from these in Invasion of the Body Snatchers
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Complacency/paranoia
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the resulting feelings of the fear of Communism in the United States; also the feeling of people in the small town of Invasion of the Body Snatchers
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Alan Freed
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an American disc jockey. He became internationally known for promoting the mix of blues, country and rhythm and blues music on the radio in the United States and Europe under the name of rock and roll
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Cool Jazz
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style of modern jazz music that arose following the Second World War. It is characterized by its relaxed tempos and lighter tone, in contrast to the bebop style that preceded it. Cool jazz often employs formal arrangements and incorporates elements of classical music
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