Spring

Front 1

What is IOC?

Back 1

calling code has the ability to customize the calling methods according to an external configuration (XML) file. IOC is used heavily in all frameworks such as Spring, Struts, and EjB. The most common implementation of IOC is dependency injection.

Front 2

What is dependency injection?

Back 2

Builder pattern to obtain valid instances of your object's dependencies and pass them to your object during the object's creation and/or initialization. Using polymorphism and interfaces, declaratively express dependencies through a configuration medium (like XML). The main goal is to decouple classes and test concrete classes in isolation.

Front 3

What are the different types of dependency injection and which does Spring support?

Back 3

constructor, setter, interface; constructor & setter

Front 4

What are the benefits of IOC ?

Back 4

minimizes code, more testable, supports loose coupling, eager instatation and lazy loading services

Front 5

What is Spring ?

Back 5

open source framework, advantages of the Spring framework is its layered architecture

Front 6

What are some features of Spring ?

Back 6

Lightweight, IOC (inversion of control), AOP (Aspect oriented programming), container, mvc framework, transaction management, jdbc exception handling

Front 7

name the modules of spring

Back 7

core container, test, AOP, instrumentation, web and remoting, data access and integration

Front 8

what is bean factory?

Back 8

factory class that contains a collection of beans., create associations between collaborating objects

Front 9

What is Application Context?

Back 9

same as a bean factory.Both load bean definitions, wire beans together, and dispense beans upon request, ApplicationContext will preinstantiate singleton beans, resolving text messages, generic way to load file resources, Events to beans that are registered as listeners.

Front 10

What are the common implementations of the Application Context ?

Back 10

ClassPathXmlApplicationContext, FileSystemXmlApplicationContext, XmlWebApplicationContext

Front 11

What is the typical Bean life cycle in Spring Bean Factory Container ?

Back 11

e spring container finds the bean’s definition from the XML file and instantiates the bean, Using the dependency injection, spring populates all of the properties as specified in the bean definition, If the bean implements the BeanNameAware interface, the factory calls setBeanName() passing the bean’s ID., If the bean implements the BeanFactoryAware interface, the factory calls setBeanFactory(), passing an instance of itself., If there are any BeanPostProcessors associated with the bean, their post- ProcessBeforeInitialization() methods will be called., If an init-method is specified for the bean, it will be called., Finally, if there are any BeanPostProcessors associated with the bean, their postProcessAfterInitialization() methods will be called.

Front 12

What do you mean by bean wiring ?

Back 12

creating associations between application components (beans) within the Spring container

Front 13

What do you mean by autowiring?

Back 13

The Spring container is able to autowire relationships between collaborating beans. autowiring functionality has four modes; byName, byType, constructor, autodetect

Front 14

Name the design pattern used in the Spring MVC architecture and the control element?

Back 14

spring mvc - Front Controller pattern.

control element- Dispatcher Servlet

Front 15

What does DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping do in Spring MVC?

Back 15

used by DispatcherServlet to map requests to specific controllers and controller methods annotated with @RequestMapping.

Front 16

What does the ViewResolver do in Spring MVC?

Back 16

exchanges a logical view name supplied by the controller for a an actual view (JSP) that renders the result.

Front 17

How do you turn ON annotation support in Spring MVC?

Back 17

Use <mvc:annotation-driven/> in mvc-dispatcher-servlet.xml

Front 18

List the annotations used to configure a basic controller class in Spring MVC.

Back 18

@Controller

@RequestMapping

Front 19

How do you turn ON annotation-based autowiring in Spring?

Back 19

To turn ON autowiring use the <context:annotation-config/> tag in the spring xml.

Front 20

How does the @Autowired annotation work?

Back 20

It is used to automatically wire values into properties, methods, and constructors.

Bean properties can be annotated direcly allowing removal of the setters in the class and the property tags in the spring xml. If no bean is found to wire to the annotated property a NoSuchBeanDefinitionException is thrown by default.

Front 21

What annotations are used to register a class as a spring bean?

Back 21

component, controller, repository, service

Front 22

How do you integrate Struts with Spring?

Back 22

Install the ContextLoaderPlugin in struts-config.xml, In the "type" attribute of the action tag use: org.springframework.web.struts.DelegatingActionProxy., In action-servlet.xml map the HTML action to the action class and reference the injected bean., In appContext.xml map the injected bean to a bean class., In the action class install a setter for the injected bean.

Front 23

What ORMs does Spring support ?

Back 23

hibernate, iBatis, JPA, toplink, JDO, OJB

Front 24

What are the ways to access Hibernate using Spring?

Back 24

Hibernate Contextual Sessions (newer)

HibernateTemplate (older)

Front 25

How do you integrate Spring and Hibernate using Contextual Sessions?

Back 25

XML approach:

Create the DaoImpl class with a setter for the Session Factory., Wire up the following beans: DataSource, SessionFactory, HibernateTransactionManager, and DaoImpl class., Bind each CRUD method to a transaction in the appContext.xml. Define the AOP configuarion using the aop:config tags and the transaction advice using the tx:advice tags and the transaction properties (propagation, isolation, and rollback) for each method with the tx:method tags.

Annotation approach:

Create the annotated (@Repository) DaoImpl class with an annotated (@Inject) sessionFactory., Wire up the following beans: DataSource, SessionFactory, and HibernateTransactionManager in the appContext.xml, Use context:component-scan to find the annotated classes. Include a PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor bean definition to convert platform specific exceptions to a richer set of Spring runtime data access exceptions., Bind and annotate (@Transactional) each CRUD method to a transaction in the DaoImpl class and use the tx:annotation-driven tag in appContext.xml.

Front 26

Define HibernateTemplate.

Back 26

helper class which provides different methods for querying/retrieving data from the database. It also converts checked HibernateExceptions into unchecked DataAccessExceptions.

Front 27

What benefits does the HibernateTemplate provide?

Back 27

HibernateTemplate, a Spring Template class simplifies interactions with Hibernate Session. , Common functions are simplified to single method calls., Sessions are automatically closed. , Exceptions are automatically caught and converted to runtime exceptions.

Front 28

How did you integrate Spring and Hibernate using Template Injection?

Back 28

Wire up the following beans in the spring.xml: DataSource, SessionFactory, HibernateTransactionManager, and DaoImpl class., Place a setter for the HibernateTemplate in the DaoImpl class and, Create an anonymous inner class to implement the doInHibernate method of the Callback interface and place the desired Template CRUD method there. Pass the inner class object to the Template execute method to invoke the desired CRUD operation.

Front 29

What are Bean scopes in Spring Framework ?

Back 29

singleton, prototype, request, session, global session

Front 30

What is AOP?

Back 30

Aspect-oriented programming, or AOP, is a programming technique that allows programmers to modularize crosscutting concerns, or behavior that cuts across the typical divisions of responsibility, such as logging and transaction management. The core construct of AOP is the aspect, which encapsulates behaviors affecting multiple classes into reusable modules.

Front 31

How is AOP used in Spring?

Back 31

provide declarative enterprise services, especially as a replacement for EJB declarative services

Front 32

What do you mean by Aspect ?

Back 32

A modularization of a concern that cuts across multiple objects. , implemented using aspect annotation

Front 33

What do you mean by join point?

Back 33

A point during the execution of a program, such as the execution of a method or the handling of an exception. In Spring AOP, a join point always represents a method execution.

Front 34

What do you mean by Advice?

Back 34

Action taken by an aspect at a particular join point.

Front 35

What are the types of Advice?

Back 35

introduction, before advice, after returning advice, after throwing advice, after finally advice, around advice

Front 36

What are the types of the transaction management Spring supports?

Back 36

Programmatic transaction management., Declarative transaction management.

Front 37

What are the benefits of the Spring Framework transaction management?

Back 37

Provides a consistent programming model across different transaction APIs such as JTA, JDBC, Hibernate, JPA, and JDO., Supports declarative transaction management., Provides a simpler API for programmatic transaction management than a number of complex transaction APIs such as JTA., Integrates very well with Spring’s various data access abstractions.

Front 38

When to use programmatic and declarative transaction management ?

Back 38

Programmatic transaction management is usually a good idea only if you have a small number of transactional operations. On the other hand, if your application has numerous transactional operations, declarative transaction management is usually worthwhile.

Front 39

What is Spring's jdbc template?

Back 39

Spring’s JdbcTemplate is central class to interact with a database through JDBC. JdbcTemplate provides many convenience methods for doing things such as converting database data into primitives or objects, executing prepared and callable statements, and providing custom database error handling.

JdbcTemplate template = new JdbcTemplate(myDataSource);