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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Could cause
impotence absent femoral pulses. Caused by systemic atherosclerosis smoking. Doppler studies - ABI (> 1.0 Norm is 1.0-1.2) CT angiography MRI angiography |
Aorta and iliac artery stenosis
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Intermittent claudication confined to calf
reduced popliteal or pedal pulses foot pain at rest relieved by rest foot gangrene or ulceration. ABI (>0.5) angiography CTA MRA |
Femoral
& Popliteal |
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Particularly seen in patients with DM.
S/S: Rest pain of the forefoot severe and relieved by dependency. Pain or numbness of foot with walking ulceration or gangrene of foot or toes. |
Lower leg
& foot arterial Dz |
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Sudden extreme pain in extremity
absent extremity pulses assoc w/some neuro dysfunction with numbness or weakness or complete paralysis. Little or no flow on doppler exam. Imaging should be done in the operating room |
Acute arterial occlusion of a limb.
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Tx with Heparin (5k-10k IV)
endovascular techniques (chem thrombolysis w TPA, in those with intact neuro exam) surgical intervention. |
Acute
arterial occlusion of a limb. |
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Can be asymptomatic
aching or painful possible edema altered pigmentation stasis ulcers usually hereditary. Have to identify source of venous reflux for surgical Tx |
Varicose veins
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Tx: Elastic graduated compression stockings
endovenous ablation with radiofrequency or laser or greater saphenous vein stripping. Or compression sclerotherapy. |
Varicose veins
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Venous cath and PICC lines are most common causes. S/S: Induration
redness tenderness along superficial vein usually the saphenous. Induration at the site of a recent IV line or trauma. |
Superficial venous thrombophlebitis
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Can result secondary to DVT.
Hx of leg trauma obesity edema (brawny) stasis - skin pigmentation subcutaneous lipo sclerosis in the lower leg. Large ulcerations at or above the ankle are common aka = (stasis ulcers). |
Chronic venous insufficiency
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Tx: well fitting graduated compression stockings
intermittent elevation pneumatic compression healing of ulcerations correction of superficial reflux. |
Chronic venous insufficiency
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S/S: hyperpigmentation
skin breakdown clean ulcer base or yellow fibrin eschar. Tests: if ABI < 0.7 = refer to vascular surgeon. |
Stasis ulcers
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Tx: Prevention w/compression stockings
treat locally; clean base w metronidazole gel occlusive hydroactive dressing systemic therapy w pentoxifylline. |
Stasis ulcers
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For tx of DVT
this drug is preferred as initial tx b/c of predictable pharmacokinetics. |
LMWH
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w/w-o a PE
require a minimum of _?_ Months of anticoagulation therapy in order to reduce recurrence. |
3 mo
3 -6 mo |
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An autoimmune condition
antibodies bind and destroy platelets. Associated w connective tissue disease (lupus) lymphoproliferative disease (lymphoma) medications Infections: (HCV & HIV). |
ITP
Immune thrombocytopenic purpura |
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Mucocutaneous bleeding manifestations depending on
platelet count. If non-drug Corticosteroids with or without IV-IG or anti-D (winrho) are the mainstay of initial Tx. Splenectomy for more severe cases. Response rate over 60% |
Immune
thrombocytopenic purpura |
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Anemia
high lactate dehydrogenase high indirect bilirubin Reticulocytosis negative direct antiglobulin & schistocytes on blood smear. Elevated creatinine (+) E-Coli in stool. What Dx is it? |
Thrombotic
thrombocytopenic purpura |
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Caused by Antibodies against ADAMTS-13
or von Willdebrand's factor medications. Tx with Plasma exchange platelet transfusion possible RBC transfusion. |
Thrombotic
thrombocytopenic purpura |
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Platelet disorder characterized by Fever
neurologic abnormalities renal insufficiency |
TTP
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Platelet disorder characterized by mucocutaneous bleeding
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ITP
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Deficiency in factor VIII
Causes this Dz? |
Hemophilia A
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Deficiency in factor IX
Causes this Dz? |
Hemophilia B
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Spontaneous bleeding may occur
w/ surgeries or trauma. Spontaneous bleeding into joints soft tissues or other locations. Tx with IV desmopressin acetate DDVPA or antifibrinolytic agents for mucosal bleeding |
Hemophilia A and B
- can also tx with supplementing appropriate factor |
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Integumentous
& mucosal bleeding Low vwf factor & vwf Ag. # 1 common inherited bleeding disorder |
Von Willebrand Disease
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How are hemophilia A and B transmitted?
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X linked recessive
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How to tx von Willebrand Dz?
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DDAVP (desmopressin)
for mild bleeding Antifibrinolytics for Mucosal bleeding. |
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Deficiency of vitamin K leads to a prolonged
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PT
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The PT
(& w advanced disease aPTT) is typically prolonged in these 2 organ Dz It corrects upon mixing w normal plasma. |
Decreased clotting
caused by Hepatic/Liver Dz |
