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88 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Dorsal
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Back
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Ventral
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Belly
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Cranial
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Head
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Caudal
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Behind
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Diploblastic
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Possessing two tissue layers (jellyfish)
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Ectoderm
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Outside tissue layer
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Endoderm
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Inside tissue layer
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Triploblastic
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Possessing three tissue layers (flatworms)
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Mesoderm
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Tissue layer between the ectoderm and endoderm
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Acoelomate
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Bodies that do not have a body cavity
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Pseudocoelomate
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Bodies have a cavity that is lined on the outside but not on the inside.
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Eucoelomate
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Body cavities are fully lined on both the inside and the outside
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Hydrostatic Skeleton
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Skeleton where muscles push against fluid-filled body cavities.
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Exoskeleton
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This type of skeleton is rigid and allows fine motor movements but must be shed in order for the organism to grow.
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Endoskeleton
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Found in fish, reptiles, birds and mammals. Rigid like exoskeletons, but grow continually with the organism.
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Asymmetrical
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No complicated body symmetry. (sponges)
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Radial Symmetry
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Multiple axes of symmetry that pass through one point.
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Bilateral Symmetry
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Animals with a backbone.
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Cuticle
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Thick, waxy 'skin' that slows down water loss.
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What animals are from the Kingdom Protista?
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Amoeba, Plasmodium, Paramecium, and Euglena
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What protist causes malaria?
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Plasmodium
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What is "pseudopodia"?
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False feet (amoebas)
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What is the flagellum?
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Long whip-like organelle. (Euglena)
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What phylum are Euglena from?
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Phylum Euglenozoa
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What phylum are Plasmodium from?
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Phylum Apicomplexa
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What phylum are Paramecium from?
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Phylum Ciliophera
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What phylum are amoebas from?
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Phylum Ameba
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What are cilia?
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From the phylum ciliophera, they are shorter and more numerous than flagella.
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Contractile Vacuole
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Organelle into which pure water is actively pumped and from there, out of the cell.
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Eye spots
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Primitive photoreceptors
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What phylum are sponges from?
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Phylum Porifera
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Ostia
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Pore where water enters sponges
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Spongocoel
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Chamber in the center of the sponge which is lined with choanocytes.
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Osculum
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Single opening in the top of a sponge where water is expelled.
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What phylum are Jellyfish and Hydra from?
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Phylum Cnidaria
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Epidermis
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Outer tissue layer
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Gastrodermis
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Inner tissue layer
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Are Cnidarians diploblastic or triploblastic?
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Diploblastic
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What body symmetry do Cnidarians have?
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Radial Symmetry
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What does a polyp look like?
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It is the tree looking form of Cnidarians.
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What does a medusa look like?
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It is the jellyfish looking form of Cnidarians. It is bell shaped and usually has a thick jelly-like mesogleal layer.
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What Phylum and Class are Hydras from?
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Phylum Cnidaria Class Hydrozoa with polyps being the dominant form.
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What Phylum and Class are Jellyfish from?
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Phylum Cnidaria Class Scyphozoa with the medusas being the dominant form.
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What Phylum and Class are Sea anemones and corals from?
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Phylum Cnidaria Class Anthozoa. The only body form is the polyp stage.
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What Phylum and Class are Portuguese man-of-war from?
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Phylum Cnidaria Class Hydrozoa where it is actually a colony of free living polyps and medusae.
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What does "dioecious" mean?
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That the individual organisms have separate sexes.
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What Phylum do flatworms belong to?
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Phylum Platyhelminthes
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How many germ layers do flatworms have?
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3. They are triploblastic
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In what fashion are flatworms germ layers arranged?
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They are acoelomates (meaning they have no body cavity)
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What form of body symmetry do flatworms have?
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Bilateral symmetry
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What are flatworms light sensitive eye spots called?
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Ocelli
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What Phylum and Class are parasitic flukes from?
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Phylum Platyhelminthes Class Trematoda
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What Phylum and Class are tapeworms from?
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Phylum Platyhelminthes Class Cestoda
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What do tapeworms bodies look like?
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They have long ribbon shaped bodies, whereas flukes are generally leaf shaped.
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What do flukes bodies look like?
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They are generally leaf shaped, where as tapeworms are long and ribbon shaped.
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What is a scolex?
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A specialized structure with suckers and barbs used to attach the tapeworm to the intestine of their host.
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What is a proglottid?
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Segments on tapeworms that are repeated many times times along the length of the body.
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What proglottids contain immature male and female organs and where are fertilized eggs found?
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The newest proglottids contains immature male and female organs whereas the oldest contain fertilized eggs.
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What Phylum and Class are freshwater and marine flatworms from?
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Phylum Platyhelminthes Class Turbellaria
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What Phylum are ribbonworms from?
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Phylum Nemertea
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What Phylum are rotifers from?
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Phylum Rotifera
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What is cryptobiosis?
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Periods of freezing or drying during any life stages.
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What Phylum are 'spiny headed worms' from?
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Phylum Acanthocephala
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What is the distinctive feature of organisms from the Phylum Acanthocephala?
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A proboscis (tongue-like mouth part) that includes rows or recurved spines used for attachment to a host.
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What Phylum are Clams, Snails, and Squids from?
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Phylum Mollusca
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What body symmetry do animals from the phylum Mollusca have?
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They exhibit bilateral symmetry and are the first phylum of animals that exhibits a true coelom.
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What is a radula?
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In the phylum Mollusca, it is the rasping tongue that is made of sharp chitinous teeth.
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What Phylum and Class are chitons from?
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Phylum Mollusca Class Polyplacophora. Their shells consist of eight plates similar to the back of an armadillo.
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What Phylum and Class are Snails and Slugs from?
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Phylum Mollusca Class Gastropoda
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What Phylum and Class are Clams and Scallops from?
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Phylum Mollusca Class Bivalvia
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What Phylum and Class are Squid, Octopus and Nautilus from?
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Phylum Mollusca Class Cephalopoda
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What organ do female squids have that male squids do not?
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Nidamental glands.
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What is the sheath-like covering on squids that covers the internal organs?
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The mantle.
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What Phylum are segmented roundworms from?
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Phylum Annelida
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What Phylum are unsegmented roundworms from?
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Phylum Nematoda
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How many germ layers do Annelids have?
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3. They are triploblastic.
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What kind of skeleton do annelids have?
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Hydrostatic skeleton
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What are setae and what is their function?
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They are bristle like structures in the skin of annelids and nematodes that allow them to push through soil and substrates. They are hair-like.
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In annelids digestive systems, what is the sucker for?
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Attachment to the prey.
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In annelids digestive systems, what is the crop for?
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Temporary storage of food.
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In annelids digestive systems, what is the gizzard for?
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Grinding of food.
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What do annelids use for excretion of waste products?
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Nephridia
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What Phylum and Class are marine worms from?
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Phylum Annelida Class Polychaeta
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What Phylum and Class are earthworms from?
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Phylum Annelida Class Oligochaeta
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What Phylum and Class are freshwater and marine leeches from?
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Phylum Annelida Class Hirudinea
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How many suckers do leeches have?
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2. This allows them to move like an inchworm.
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What germ layer organization do unsegmented roundworms have?
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They are pseudocoelomates.
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What is the clitellum?
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It is the structure on roundworms that is many segments thick and is used for reproduction.
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